Saint Afanasiy Veliky wase-Alexandria: Biography, umlando kanye lwezincwadi

Saint Augustine Elikhulu (c. 295-373 GG.) Ingabe omunye wabaholi sesonto esivelele kunazo zonke, libhekisela Alexandria patristic esikoleni. Okokuqala kwaba owamukelayo Umbhishobhi Aleksandriyskogo Aleksandra, esikhundleni salo kube nokuthile esihlalweni. Afanasiy Veliky wayaziwa njengomuntu abaphikisi ovelele Arian. Ngonyaka ka-350 BC. e. Kwakungekho okudlula kuphela umbhishobhi okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma (noma ngaphezulu ngokunembile ingxenye yalo engasempumalanga) nearianskogo iphiko, okuyinto axoshwe futhi ababedingisiwe izikhathi eziningana. Wayelethwa abagcotshwa bahlonipha LamaRoma Katolika, ubu-Orthodox futhi amasonto Coptic.

St Afanasiy Veliky

Athanasius wazalelwa emzini waseGibhithe wase-Aleksandriya. Esengumfana, ugogo weza naye waya ethempelini inzalamizi-Alexandria banikelela inkonzo kaNkulunkulu. Wayengumuntu izingane ezibhekwa kakhulu futhi ehlakaniphile, egcwalisa ngobuqotho imiyalo kaNkulunkulu.

Ngonyaka 319, ngemva kweminyaka engu-6 inkonzo yakhe umfundi isonto, Umbhishobhi wabusisa le nsizwa njengoba leSonto LamaKatolika wase-Aleksandriya.

Ngonyaka 325, St Afanasiy Veliky ephelezelwa-Alexander Okokuqala WamaSonto Council WaseNicaea njengonobhala. Futhi bheka kakhulu okhuthele kanzima agumenti zezihlubuki mayelana nohlobo Kristu. Arian Walahlwa, u-Arius yena waxoshwa, isitatimende kwakuzwakala zintathu consubstantial njengoba lokholo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Athanasius waqala ukuloba imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala. Wabona muntu ukuzishaya e labo esontweni kaKristu, ngokuba abaningi babo bangabantu enkulumweni eyize, engenzi lutho, ngifuna enkazimulweni okonakalayo yena wangenisa zokuphila kobuKristu namasikwakhe yobuqaba futhi kwathuthukiswa veruchenie okungalungile.

U-Arius

U-Arius Ize wathi wonke amagama lokuhlambalaza futhi wokwedelela ngoJesu futhi UnguNina KaNkulunkulu, bekholelwa ukuthi uKristu akalingani noNkulunkulu. Kodwa wabuye wabafundisa ingamukeleki iBandla likaKristu izinto, kanjalo amthukuthelisa uquqaba. Inombolo yabalandeli lokhu baqede liye landa, futhi ngakho Bacela Arians. imfundiso yamanga wawabela likhungethwe wonke lweSonto lobuKristu.

Ngo 326, uMphathi u-Alexander wafa. Kunalokho, wakhethwa Bishop Athanasius. Wayengumuntu esinzulu ngomsebenzi wakhe, kudlalwa eziningi abantu, ezilahla Arians futhi benenkinga izivumokholo zabo akuzona ezobuKristu. Arians, ziqala ekunyundeleni kuye.

Konstantin Veliky

Ngesikhathi esingaphansi koMbuso WamaRoma obusa Konstantin mina Veliky (306-337.), Ubani won 324 uzowanqoba esikhohlisayo soprovitelem yobuqaba Licinius. UConstantine wazizwa ube ngumsizi wabaningi, real of the Christian Church. Wayefuna ujike ubuKristu phakathi inkolo isimo. Lo mbusi kahle izindaba zomphakathi kanye nephutha ohlakaniphile kakhulu, kodwa izimfundiso iVangeli abangekho eyaziwa, ngakho-ke kwakunzima ngabaningi ukunquma ukuthi kuyiqiniso futhi siyini yamanga, nokuthi kungcono ukukhetha - Arian noma Orthodox? Ukuthatha lokhu ukungaqiniseki ku ukubukwa, izihlubuki ukungena zonke izikhundla kanye swebeza him zonke izinhlobo ukuba amahebezi nenhlebo, uzungu ezidabula.

UConstantine waba umsekeli sokuhlanganiswa amandla, kodwa wasithola izikhalazo okuhambisanayo kusukela abasekeli u-Arius, Augustine kusukela abasekeli. EGibhithe, sesiye amafomu indluzula manje, abantu baqala ukutholana phezulu kathathu ezitaladini.

whacker

Against-Archbishop Athanasius waphenduka lonke impi, wabekwa icala ukuthi wayengumuntu lobugebengu, umenzi wemilingo nangokuthi sifebe abangazilaleli umbusi futhi yenza izenzo ezingekho emthethweni.

Iphuzu kanye sesifike eqophelweni nangendlela engenangqondo, lapho wabekwa icala ukuthi ayelisebenzisa uhlobo oluthile cut off isandla efile okwakungokwenkosi umfundisi Arseny, kudala zonke izinhlobo zobuthakathi. Arseny kwaba umfundi, kuyilapho kwabanye icala lakhe ayecashe konke okwakufunwa yiziphathimandla, kodwa ukubanika ithuba lokuchaza ukuthi Afanasiy Veliky anyundele, uvele phambi kwenkantolo futhi ziphephile. Base wakhuza abasekeli amanga ka-Arian.

Kodwa ngabo la manga kwakunganele, futhi wanezela nesinye, zokugwazela ezinye intokazi esingenamahloni, owathi St Augustine wafuna ukucasula phezu kwakhe. Athanasius umngane Thimothewu, ukulalela ngemva kwezicabha lokhu zingenakubekwa cala okubi, kungalindelekile abangena ehholo yokwahlulela, yabonakala kulona wesifazane, sengathi Athanasius, ngamazwi athi: ". Mileyshaya angithethelele engikwenze lawe ngalobubusuku ubudlova" Lzhesvidetelnitsa hysterically wamemeza wathi wayengeke amthethelela lona nesigebengu futhi ungcolisa ubumsulwa. Abahluleli wabona zenzeka comedy, wahleka futhi wamjaha.

Saint utholwe yilo mbusi nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi esihlalweni Alexandria.

Ukuxhaphaza nokuhlukumeza

UMbusi uConstantine wazibona zonke ngothi lwazo yokuzondwa ngokuthi angahlubula ibe impi yenkolo yangempela ukujula, wayesengibuza St Augustine ngesikhathi ukushiya.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngo-330-Arian sasekelwa isimo, uConstantine wabizela ekuthunjweni Evseviya Nikomediyskogo, bese Aria.

Ngo 335 Athanasius walahla iTire Cathedral. Waphinde amanga abasolwa ngokuba nesandla ekubulaweni umpristi Arseny meletianskogo futhi badingiselwa TRIER. Kodwa ngemva kokufa koMbusi uConstantine ngo-337, yena waba ebuyela ekhaya evela ekudingisweni kwakhe.

uMbusi Constantius

UMbusi uyindodana yesibili Konstantina Konstantsy. Senkantolo yasebukhosini lonke wamelela sabalandeli baka-Arius waqala ukushushiswa kwamaKristu Orthodox, ababhishobhi adingiswa waqala ukuba luthathe kwezihlalo zobukhosi abantu ababi. Afanasiy Veliky wabalekela eRoma iminyaka emithathu.

Ngo ekudingisweni, yona ngajwayelana St Servatius, owaba wasemuva yakhe okuqina ezimpikiswaneni ne baqede Arian yemidlalo yeCouncil of Sardica.

Ngo-340, waphinde axoshwe. Ngezinye Alexandria wabuyela umnyango 345 kuphela, ngemva kokufa uMbhishobhi Gregory. Kodwa ngo-356 waphinde ukugxekile lokhu Milan Cathedral, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wabaleka elibangise eNhla neGibhithe nokufihla wayekhona kwaze kwaba ngumnyaka 361 kuze befa uMbusi Constantius.

neminyaka Afanasiy Veliky engaphezu kwengu-20 ayichitha ekuthunjweni, bese inyamalala ke ukubuyela emakhaya abo. Nakuba-ke asekelwe kakhulu zoyise monasticism, Saint Anthony, futhi Pachomius. Kamuva, wayeyoba ukubhala incwadi ngalo.

Athanasius, njengoba umbhishobhi, akazange aqaphele khona alinganayo legatsha ngoludala, Arian kobuKristu.

sizi

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iNkosi yahlulelwe zonke Isivivinyo zakhe zinobulungisa: U-Arius nabalandeli izihlubuki Bajeziselwa, kodwa inkosi embi wabulawa. Ngemva kokuba salandelwa Julian hlubuki, kwaba umthetho Jovinian abangcwele kuye, ngemva Valens, okwathi nakuba ngezindlela eziningi futhi ubuhlungu eBandla, kepha owesaba mutiny, bavunyelwe Athanasius ukubuyela Alexandria esihlalweni futhi buthule futhi ngokuthula ukuphatha zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwabo. Bishop Afanasiy Veliky reposed ngoMeyi 2373 eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 76.

Njengoba abaningi njengoba engu-46, naye wase-Alexandria, beshushiswa futhi lanyundelwa. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi wabuya ezoshumayela iqiniso levangeli mayelana LikaKristu UMsindisi.

Afanasiy Veliky: okudaliwe

Ingqikithi zenkolo kwakuwukuthi ukuthi uNkulunkulu waba indoda ukuze indoda ingase nguNkulunkulu. Kukho konke ukuphila kwami Ngachitha ekumeleleni iqiniso Afanasiy Veliky. "On the incarnation uLizwi" - umsebenzi wakhe, futhi yaba umbhalo maphakathi Christianity, ngaphandle kokuchaza ukweqisa zonke ngokukholwa nguKristu Jesu.

Bishop Athanasius lokuqala ethumba okwenzeka Ugwadule Obaba encwadini "The Life of Antony". Atehlukanisa ukwenza lokho isazi sefilosofi uthi nje. Ukuzila iveza umehluko nefilosofi Afanasiy Veliky. "Ukuhlaziywa amaHubo" kwaba umsebenzi brilliant zasendulo exegesis patristic evumela ukuba afunde imiBhalo futhi baqonde kahle lokho ezazikusho ngempela nokubaluleka.