Spermatogenesis - Iyini?

Spermatogenesis - inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu besilisa, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho kumiswa isidoda gonocytes (primordial lwegciwane iseli). Kwakuphakathi nenkathi yokuqhuma kobusha iqala isigaba saso kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa, futhi inqubo uyaqhubeka kuze yokuguga. ehlukile ukuthuthukiswa isidoda umjikelezo Okugcwele kwenzeka ngokwesilinganiso kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3.

Kungenxa izinhlayiya eziyisisekelo zofuzo we lesidoda amadoda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yingasiphi ukuphila ubulili namandla kuthinta wenzalo yakhe. Ngakho-ke, inqubo lapho amaseli akhiwa ka spermatogenesis, kufanele athathwe ngokungathi sína.

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi kwakhiwa nsuku zonke testes is abangaba yizigidi ezingu-200 isidoda sezitokisi, bese kuthi uhhafu iphila ukuthi cishe izigidi ezingu-100 isidoda.

isigaba

Lokhu lubaluleke kangaka for ukusebenza evamile inqubo umzimba besilisa kungenziwa ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko spermatogenesis:

• Esigabeni sokuqala nentuthuko libizwa mitosis. Phakathi nale nkathi, ukuphindwaphindwa stem cells e gonads elibizwa i testes.
• Esigabeni se-Ingxenye ethile lamaseli aguqulwe ngowokuqala-oda spermatocytes yesibili. Khona-ke, inani lawo likhuphuka, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane zingena esigabeni we meiosis kuqala.
• Ngo esigabeni esilandelayo inqubo kukhona amaseli, ukubizwa ngokuthi yesibili-oda spermatocytes. Kulawa, yakha spermatids. Futhi vele bayindlu umphumela wezinguquko ezithile jikisa isidoda.

Sertoli cell umsebenzi

Spermatogenesis - kuyinqubo ngesikhathi lapho amaseli sisondelene Sertoli amaseli, okuyinto enze le misebenzi elandelayo:

• ukudala elilungile sokuthuthukiswa "tadpoles" imvelo;
• secrete uketshezi, ehilelekile emasendeni isebenze;
• uyiswa emangqamuzaneni mpilo nezakhi;
• kwemiqondo amaprotheni esibophezelayo okuyinto uyisa testosterone kumaseli spermatogenic.

Sekukonke, inqubo spermatogenesis lide kakhulu nzima, futhi umkhiqizo engaphansi yayo ngokugcwele umsebenzi wonke umzimba. Uma indoda enempilo, anakho, ngokufanele, isidoda esihle. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? isidoda qualitative iqukethe semali kwesidoda iphila.

Esinye isici spermatogenesis

Lesi sigaba wama-chromosomes kule nkathi ufanelwe ukuqashelwa okukhethekile. Lapho ushintsho kwenzeka spermatocytes, ama-chromosome 46 zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Ngakho, ka-chromosome, okuyinto adlulisele abazali, 23 kulo bayizinkulungwane esitokisini spermatids, kanti enye ingxenye - kwesinye. Ngakho, isithelo esikhathini esizayo has 50% idatha zikababa nokungu-50% omama.

Izinto ezithinta inqubo spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis - kuyinqubo incike amathonya kwemvelo. Akumangalisi ukuthi esigabeni ngasinye ukuthuthukiswa kwesidoda okuthintekayo izici ezingezinhle.

Okokuqala, yezinto eziyinhloko ezibangela i le nqubo esiyingqayizivele kukhona lokushisa kanye nezemvelo amathonya, ngaphezu, inenani indlela yokuphila eholela indoda.

An izinga lokushisa akwamukeleki spermatogenesis kuyinto 34 ° C. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi scrotum besilisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa inakekelwa ikakhulukazi ngenxa efanele ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ngenxa yezinga lokushisa emzimbeni wanda phakathi unserious isifo isidoda imingcele kungase kakhulu ukuba zimbi kakhulu. Ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa izimoto esihlalweni heater, njengoba lokhu nakho kungabangela Oqala ukungezwa aze agcine izinga isidoda.

Ngaphezu lokushisa, ukuze ubungqabavu isidoda kuthonywa nezinye izinto.

Ukucindezeleka, imithi elwa namagciwane, ama, ukwehluleka hormone - konke okungase kuphazamise umsebenzi futhi ukubaluleka besilisa isidoda izinga. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe ingane akufanele uthathe noma izidakamizwa, abakaze, zisebenzisa ama.

Kusukela lapho namanje kuncike spermatogenesis ezingabantu?

Ngisho ngenxa umoya ongcolile emkhathini spermatozoa Isivinini kungehlisa izinga. Oxhumana naye isikhathi eside futhi okuqhubekayo kanye amakhemikhali angase abe imbangela ukungazali yesikhashana.

Uma isikhathi eside, kuba imibhangqwana kungenzeki ukuba akhulelwe ingane, kuqala ihlola indoda. Kuthatha isidoda ukuhlaziywa, okuthiwa "isidoda".

izinkomba zezempilo kwesidoda

Ekuthuthukisweni evamile umzimba besilisa isidoda ukubala ngamunye 1 ml isidoda kumelwe abe cishe 20 Mill. Inani isidoda uyakwazi ukuba alingane uhhafu wezindleko. Kodwa ngisho umzimba uphilile kungenzeka isidoda samanje ngasebenzi, okuyinto akuyona wayephazamisekile.

ucwaningo oluningana luye lwabonisa ukuthi izinga isidoda ngokuvamile kuncika ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo izifo amadoda. Ngokwesibonelo, isifo senhliziyo semithambo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ngisho nezifo zesikhumba konakalise amaseli spermatogenic.

ososayensi Australia kwatholakala ukuthi ukusondelana nsuku kuthinta iqophelo isidoda. Labo abalandela lesi seluleko, wathola ukuthi ezingeni ukulimala kwe-DNA lancipha ngu-20%. Abacwaningi wachaza leli iqiniso lokuthi i-DNA bashabalala isidoda ilimele futhi akatholakalanga ubulili njalo ukukhubazeka okunjalo.

Nakuba owesifazane ebamba yimpumelelo, abanye odokotela batusa izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuba nidede ezinkanukweni ocansini. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze andise lokuhlushwa spermatozoa asebenzayo futhi iphila.

ukukhuthazwa spermatogenesis

izibalo Umhlaba namuhla ukuthi iphesenti amadoda uhlushwa ukungazali impela high. Ngamunye yesibili isikhathi esithile noma oyinyumba unaphakade. Futhi lokhu kuyinkinga yangempela, ngoba ngisho ngaphandle kwesibeletho inqubo kokukhulelwa akunakwenzeka ngaphandle isidoda. Ukuhlola i-ukungazali ezingabantu akuthathi isikhathi esiningi, njengoba kuqhathaniswa engxenyeni zesifazane lwesintu. Ungesabi odokotela, ngoba kuthinta amandla okuzala.

Ngakho-ke akuyona isikhathi kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Udokotela uzokweluleka ekufezeni izenzo ezithile okuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthazwa spermatogenesis.

Spermatogenesis - kuyinqubo kunzima ngempela ukuze alulame. Ukuze uqale, lowo muntu kufanele ahlolwe ngokugcwele nguchwepheshe futhi abakhulule isidoda ukuhlaziywa - ukuhlaziywa ezinemininingwane we ejaculate, esisetshenziselwa ukunquma wenzalo wesilisa, ukuthola izifo nezinkinga zempilo hormone. Futhi kungaba ngcono ukukhiqiza isidoda, ukugcina inqubo ethile, okubandakanya izindlela zokwelapha kanye nemithi. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama gonadotropins - hormone elawula umsebenzi we gonads.

On umphumela hormone emzimbeni ke uzobe kuchazwe ngemuva kwalokhu.

Izimiso eziyisisekelo nokuvulwa spermatogenesis

Buyisela umsebenzi yezindlela besilisa mhlawumbe elula angadingi imizamo ebizayo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• ukugcinwa lokushisa elilungile: ungavumeli okweqile we ngamasende;
• ukugwema imikhuba eyingozi (ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala);
• Ukudla ngokufanele, okuyinto akufaki yingozi imikhiqizo besilisa umsebenzi;
• ukwenqatshwa imikhiqizo aqukethe izithasiselo futhi ukunambitheka enhancers;
• It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba asebenze ezinobuthi;
• ukwenqaba antibiotic antihistamine. Futhi ngempela esikhathini nokuvulwa spermatogenesis kungcono uyeke ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi izidakamizwa.

Lokho kwaba nomphumela omuhle spermatogenesis? Yiqiniso, ukudla okunempilo kudlala indima ebalulekile kule nqubo.

imikhiqizo

Ukudla okuthile anamavithamini ukuthi Ukusiza ukukhulisa ukuvundisa ubulili namandla. Ikakhulukazi, le nkulumo ihlanganisa:

• Ukwatapheya. Iqukethe amavithamini E futhi B6, futhi i-folic acid. They akha uhlelo ama-hormone ukwandisa libido.
• uphizi Green futhi asparagus. U-vitamin C, okuyinto equkethwe kule mikhiqizo, kuthuthukisa isidoda motility.
• Utamatisi, obomvu ubhamubhamu, ikhabe. isithako wabo - lycopene, okwandisa umsebenzi "tadpoles."
• imbewu Ithanga, oatmeal, amaqanda, ama-oyster, ama nati. Zinc, okuyinto equkethwe kuwo kwandisa umthamo isidoda.
• Garlic. Selenium likhona ngezithako zawo, ivikela isidoda ekulimaleni futhi kuthuthukisa kwegazi.
• Ginger. Kuthinta ezishukumisayo zokukhiqiza isidoda.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe nemikhiqizo equkethe i-folic acid. Kuyinto esisemqoka inqubo spermatogenesis. Izinto eziningi i-folic acid itholakala ezisawolintshi izithelo, beet, ithanga, ummbila, udali, izinso ubhontshisi. It kuvela ukuthi ungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ekudleni kwakho ukuze isidoda izinga kuyothuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Esiphazamisayo ngenqubo evamile spermatogenesis?

Utshwala kwandisa izinga lama-hormone ocansini nowesifazane. Ngakho-ke, uma kubalulekile ngoba owesilisa umsebenzi zokuzala, ke kufanele uhlukane nale ukusebenzisa uphuzo oludakayo. Ukubhema nakho kunomthelela omubi inqubo kumiswa spermatozoa.

It is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa iklabishi, kakolweni bran, futhi imifino cruciferous, okuyinto nayo ineqhaza ukukhiqizwa estrogen. Athwala ingozi enkulu, futhi ukudla okunamafutha. inyama eyosiwe, imayonnaise, ubhekeni, ice cream - kungcono yizitha zangempela lowesilisa uhlelo zokuzala.

Konke lokhu kungabangela ukuphazamiseka spermatogenesis.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inani kwesidoda incipha ngo ekwindla nasebusika, ngenkathi ehlobo ziba mobile ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho izibalo, umcabango isifika ngaphezulu ehlobo kuka ebusika.

idatha abahlukile on isidoda

• Lapho yesikhathi esisodwa ejaculation ezingabantu eshiya nguhhafu spoon isidoda.
• Inhloko isidoda siqukethe acrosome. Lokhu vesicle ulwelwesi yakhiwa amakhemikhali obuqine kunabo bonke bokuthi bayakwazi ukuncibilikisa igobolondo amaqanda ukuze uthole kuwo.
• Ngemva ejaculation isidoda bangaphila yomzimba wowesifazane izinsuku ezingu-7.
• Izinga kwesidoda phakathi ejaculation ifinyelela cishe 70-80 km / h.
• IVF (ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization) isidoda efile ungakha ingane ephilayo. Isizathu siwukuthi nale kokukhulelwa DNA ezibalulekile kuphela phakathi kwawo.
• Isidoda akhiqizwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka nsuku zonke.
• "Tadpoles" kumelana ukugeleza Kuvunguza we "umsila".

isiphetho

Emitholampilo ezikhethekile eyenziwa ukushukuma kwama-hormone ngesikhathi spermatogenesis. Nokho, awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunikeza imiphumela ezinzile futhi senziwe njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi imithi suppresses ezinye izinqubo isegazini emzimbeni. Ukuthola ama-hormone azowalekelela kusuka ngaphandle, ubuchopho akasafuni ukukhiqiza testosterone lalo. Futhi kusukela lesi sici spermatogenesis iyovele ibhebhetheke.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, lapho umuntu uthando ne isikhathi eside, ingqondo yakhe uqala ukukhiqiza izindodla hormone ukuze nezindlala, okubangela nethuthukisiwe izinqubo eziningi wonke umzimba, kuhlanganise spermatogenesis. Kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ukuba amadoda ukuthuthukisa wenzalo uthando enye ingxenye yabo.