Thina ukubala indawo ebhokisini

A sebuningini ngamajamo weJiyomethri eyodwa elula ingashiwo parallelepiped. It has ukuma nezibhebhe kabani base kuyinto parallelogram. Akunzima ukubala indawo ebhokisini, ngoba ifomula silula.

Prism wenze ubuso, vertices futhi emaphethelweni. Ukusatshalaliswa lezi zinto abamelwe wanelisekile uma inani eliphansi okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze umuntu kumiswa ukuma weJiyomethri. Parallelepiped iqukethe 6 ubuso, ezixhunywe ngu vertices 8 no-12 izimbambo. Futhi izinhlangothi eziphikisanayo ibhokisi uyohlale alinganayo. Ngakho, ukuze uthole ibhokisi endaweni, kwanele ukunquma usayizi ubuso bayo abathathu.

Parallelepiped (le nkulumo isho ukuthi "ubuso parallel" ngolimi ngesiGreki) anezakhi ezithile ingashiwo. Okokuqala, wesimethri sibalo kuqinisekisiwe kuphela phakathi ngamunye diagonals yayo. Okwesibili, kokuba phakathi noma yimaphi vertices zayo okuphambene idayagonali, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi zonke ISIZINDA abe iphuzu elilodwa ukunquma. Futhi uzinake eka- ukuthi ubuso obuhlukile zihlale futhi ngempela kube parallel nomunye.

Emvelweni, lezi zinhlobo parallelepipeds avelele:

• unxande - liqukethe ubuso umumo unxande;

• ngqo - has kuphela ohlangothini Ubuso unxande;

• parallelepiped etshekile siyingxenye ye ohlangothini ubuso, okuyinto zilethwa ngezizathu okungezona perpendicular;

• Cube - siqukethe ubuso square emise.

Ake sizame ukuthola indawo ibhokisi isibonelo uhlobo unxande bunjwa. Njengoba vele sesiyazi, bonke ubuso unxande. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi inani lezi zinto kuyehla kube eziyisithupha ke ukuthola indawo ubuso ngamunye, udinga ngamafuphi ukuze uthole umphumela inombolo eyodwa. Futhi ukuthola indawo ngamunye wabo akunzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uphindaphinde sezinhlangothini zombili ze-isikwele.

Usebenzise ifomula zezibalo ukunquma kwendawo cuboid. Siqukethe izinhlamvu eziphawuleka kakhulu elisho ubuso endaweni, futhi simi ngale ndlela: S = 2 (ab + bc + ac), lapho S - indawo sibalo, a, b - ohlangothini isizinda, c - onqenqemeni lateral.

Sinikeza izibalo anolaka. Lokucabanga, a = 20 cm, b = 16 cm, c = 10 cm manje kudingekile ukuze wande izinombolo ngokuhambisana ifomula :. 20 * 16 + 16 * 10 + 20 * 10 futhi ukuthola inani 680 cm2. Kodwa-ke kuyoba ingxenye kuphela sibalo, njengoba sesifundile bese uzindla ubuso square ezintathu. Njengoba ubuso ngamunye has zayo "kabili", kabili ukubaluleka okuholela, bese ibhokisi endaweni elilingana 1360 cm 2.

Ukubala lateral surface area, ukusebenzisa ifomula S = 2c (a + b). Le ndawo base ibhokisi zingatholakala ngokuvele azalane ubude ezinhlangothini base at nomunye.

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, parallelepipeds kungatholakala njalo. Mayelana khona kwabo kusikhumbuza ukuma izitini, ikhabethe lokhuni ye edeskini lakhe, i Ibhokisi likamentshisi abavamile. Izibonelo ngasinye ingatholakala ngobuningi elisizungezile. izinhlelo School geometry ekutadisheni Ezifundweni ezimbalwa inikezwe ebhokisini. Eyokuqala yalezi onobuhle ukukhombisa cuboid. Base ukukhombisa abafundi ukuthi bangene kukho ibhola noma mbhoshongo, nezinye izibalo, ukuthola indawo ebhokisini. Kafushane, lena elula sibalo ngakuthathu.