Ubani owabhala "Oblomov"? Umlando kule noveli "Oblomov"

Noma yimuphi umuntu ukuthi wazibiza ngenhloko ujwayelene amagama kokukwazi Lva Tolstogo, Ivan Turgenev, Fedora Dostoevskogo futhi ngokuqinisekile kungaba zilandise njengesibonelo amagama ezinye imisebenzi edume kakhulu nalaba ababhali. Kodwa owabhala "Oblomov"? Ubani owaloba? Futhi kungani hero ukuthandwa kwakhe baba ongokomfanekiso ngakho?

Izingane kanye nentsha yomlobi esizayo

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (owabhala "Oblomov") wazalelwa e Simbirsk, manje njengoba Ulyanovsk eyaziwa, e 1812. Wayeyindodana womthengisi ocebile. Kodwa Papa Ivan washona ngemuva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa ukuzalwa umfana, Ivan abasha walethwa ibhapathizwa, uNikolai Tregubova Aristocrat ovulekile ngokomqondo. Wathola Goncharova ebanzi khathizwe kwamasiko kanye yokuphila eyinkimbinkimbi. Ivan Goncharov wafunda ekuqaleni kulesi sikole bezentengiselwano 1822, baqhubeka ukuqeqeshwa iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Pho wakhumbula umlobi, ke kwaba iminyaka dabukisa kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe. Ivan akakwazanga ukubekezelela izinga eliphansi lemfundo nezindlela isiyalo esiqinile. induduzo yakhe kuphela ngesikhathi wakwenza imfundo.

Imfundo ephakeme kanye edition aseqala

Bese eMoscow University, e ngaphansi kwesimo senkululeko nabanengqondo futhi eshubile, umoya Goncharova yanda. Ivan phakathi nokuqeqeshwa bajwayelane ezinye izingqondo ehola yobudala bakhe, kodwa akusho faka yimaphi amaqembu umfundi, ababe egcwele ukholo izimiso ifilosofi German zothando.

Goncharov uselokhu qakala imibono ngezinkathi zezinguquko kwezombusazwe futhi nomphakathi, okuyinto kuyanda ngaleso sikhathi. Kuba ukufunda futhi ukuhunyushwa umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko. Ngo 1832, izahluko ezimbili kwemisebenzi Eugene Sue, owathuthela Ivan yashicilelwa. Kwaba khona uhlelo lwaso DEBUT.

Ukuthweswa iziqu kanye lokuqala kwempilo yokuba mdala

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu ngo-1834 Goncharov babekhonza iminyaka cishe engamashumi amathathu njengesikhulu sikahulumeni. Okokuqala, wabuyela ekhaya ukungena ehhovisi umbusi Simbirsk, futhi kamuva ngonyaka kuhanjiswe ku Petersburg waqala ukusebenza njengonjiniyela ngomunye wabahumushi Ministry of Finance.

Ngokungafani izimbangi emibhalweni njengesifaniso Turgenev noma UTolstoy, Ivan Goncharov waphoqeleka ukuba baziphilise, hhayi nje bathembele lokubhala. Ivan Yiqiniso, yaba ilungu emjikelezweni tetemibhalo, eyasungulwa ngo endlini Maikova ngisho ngabhala nenkondlo. Kodwa maduze zonke saphela bazitike izinkondlo. Abaningi izinkondlo elahlanganiswa inoveli "Indaba Ordinary" Goncharov ufana Adueva isebenza. A uqinisekile ngemvume ukuthi umbhali uyekile ngokungathí sina.

umsebenzi Literary owabhala "Oblomov". Photo ngemisebenzi kumbhali

I temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba lokuqala Goncharova waqala ukuvela kokuthi "snowdrops". Kuyinto inoveli satirical 'ayeshayeka Bolesta ", lapho eseyenza inhlekisa le sentimentalism romantic. Kwabe sekufika idrama wokuziphilisa nge touch of amahlaya, futhi umsebenzi abalulekile esikhathini esiningi kwaba indaba onesihloko esithi "Ivan Savich Podzhabrin". Yaqala kanjalo inkonzo yayo etemibhalo nguye owabhala "Oblomov".

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Ivan waqala ukuloba isikhathi eside, umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala sina iba "Indaba Ordinary". Utshele mayelana Ukungqubuzana phakathi ezibolile izikhulu Russian futhi isigaba esisha yomthengisi. Nomcwaningi ezinethonya kunazo isikhathi , Vissarion Belinsky ezichazwe kule noveli njengoba nokudlwengulwa romanticism akusebenzi.

Umkhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu, noma inoveli yesibili Ivan

Futhi kulokho ngonyaka kwalotshwa "Oblomov"? Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov waqala inoveli yakhe yesibili ngasekupheleni 1840s, kodwa inqubo kwakuhamba kancane ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Kokunye namakhulu ayisishiyagalombili namashumi amahlanu wathatha isikhundla wesihlanu ngomshini kumhloli wezincwadi uhambo eNgilandi, i-Afrika kanye Japan njengoba uNobhala Admiral Putiatina.

Kuphela indzaba lemfisha nobe indzaba onesihloko esithi "The Dream of Oblomov. Leso senzakalo noveli sidle" esanyatheliswa 1849, esagcina ifakwe njengoba "Oblomov IPHUPHO" emsebenzini ophelele owenziwa nguJesu Ivan.

Futhi kule noveli "Oblomov" siqala "Amanothi we lawobaba" umagazini ngo-1859. Sizokwenza inhlekelele protagonist oseqinile. Isici esiphawulekayo Ili Ilicha sengqondo lazy ukuphila. Umbhali kuvezwa ubuntu bakhe ngozwela, yize yayingumuntu samuntu yezikhulu.

Izimpikiswano main emsebenzini Ivan

Lokho zinesithakazelo ngokuyinhloko umfundi elula? Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuthi lo mkhiqizo, hhayi nje omunye owabhala ke. "Oblomov" - kuyinto inoveli, elichaza isiphetho umninindlu Ili Ilicha, futhi ngesisekelo le ndaba umlobi emsebenzini wakhe ukhuluma nezindaba eziningi ezibalulekile ezibhekene nomphakathi Russian e yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Lokhu ukungabi lusizo abanikazi bamazwe abaningi nabakhulu emphakathini, ubudlelwane eziyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwamalungu amakilasi etindzaweni letihlukene tekuhlalisana, ezifana Oblomov nenceku yakhe Zakhar.

Uhlamvu main - umnumzana wayesemncane futhi eyigeza, kodwa kubonakala sengathi akakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile noma ukuqala okuthile okukhulu. Kuyo yonke imisebenzi yonke, yena akuvamile ushiya ikamelo lakhe noma embhedeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi Amakhasi wokuqala amahlanu mayelana Ile Ilichu smartly kakhulu okwenzayo hhayi ukuba amshiye.

Okusho umkhiqizo ezaziwa

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (owabhala "Oblomov" inoveli) Cishe ngicabange ukuthi umsebenzi yakhe yayiyoba ethandwa kangaka, ukuthi ngabe Sigcizelela isinyathelo esibalulekile ku isiko Russian. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi Goncharova engeza amagama amasha e isiRashiya. Igama umlingiswa oyinhloko ngeke lisetshenziselwe ukuchaza umuntu liveza izici ubuntu lazy futhi bengenandaba efana umlingisi kule noveli.

Umkhiqizo okubangelwa ukuqashelwa ngazwi linye ngokuthi abafundi kuphela kodwa futhi kusukela baxgeki. Kunalabo owabhala: Oblomov - kungcono ingumuntu wokugcina irowu "amadoda engadingekile" ngemva Onegin, Pechorin, futhi Rudin endaweni ezibolile Russia amakhosi asendulo. Nikolay Dobrolyubov Waphawula ukuthi inoveli kwisi phambili ngaphansi kokuhlaziya izindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kwenkathi. A uhlobo olukhethekile ubuvila ukuthi kuholela ekubhujisweni yomuntu.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila umlobi odumile nomcusumbuli

Lezi izinkinga zamazwe omhlaba onke angase ziqondiswe emsebenzini wakhe, lowo wabhala "Oblomov". Nokho, u-Ivan kwakungelona umbhali owabhala izincwadi. Wanyathelisa ezintathu inoveli yakhe kuphela. Eminyakeni eyishumi ngemuva kokushicilelwa kule noveli "Oblomov" uya enye ucezu ngokuthi "Broken", nalo kwaba nempumelelo enkulu abafundi.

Goncharov uhlela futhi inoveli sesine, kodwa iphupho akuzange kube khona. Kunalokho, uba umhlaziyi futhi kwenza Izibuyekezo eziningi waseshashalazini nokulotshwa kwalo. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe Ivan wabhala memoir okungavamile, lapho embeka icala izimbangi zakhe umqondo womunye etemibhalo yomsebenzi wakhe. Washona ngo Petersburg 24 Septhemba, 1891 yizifo ezinjenge-pneumonia.

sekudlule Ngakho ukuphila umlobi emangalisayo nomcusumbuli Ivana Alekseevicha Goncharova - lowo wabhala inoveli "Oblomov". Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo ke manje seyaziwa zonke wesikole. Umkhiqizo akuyona kuphela ethandwa, kodwa futhi intandokazi phakathi umphakathi.