Ubuciko Ukuba Ube Nguthisha

Kukhona ezinye izaga ngolimi Russian elikhulu: "Yini, futhi nezibhulo kukhona"; "Ukuthi kwenzekani emhlabeni, iza emhlabeni"; "Uyini ubaba, kukanye naye futhi izingane." Lezi kanye nezinye amazwi zihlobene ngokuqondile izinkinga ezibhekene nothisha ezikhathini zethu ezinzima. Lokhu kuyodinga izingane kude nathi kuka ukuphila kwabo kwaba iminyaka engu-10 esikoleni? Enye KD Ushinsky wathi: "imfundo Ubuciko inesimiso ukuthi cishe zonke kubonakala kuyindaba lula futhi ajwayelekile, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu sebekholelwa ukuthi ngaphezu ukubekezela, amakhono angaphakathi namakhono adingekayo ubuchwepheshe ngaphezulu." "Ngoba lapho ngokokuqala nifanele nibe ngabafundisi; kodwa kudingeka zifundiswe izimiso lokuqala amazwi kaNkulunkulu, futhi udinga ubisi, hhayi ukudla okuqinile. Noma ubani adle kuphela ubisi is hhayi ababeyizazi nezwi lokulunga, ngoba uyingane "(Heb. 5: 12-13). [2] Isimo namuhla, ngokubona umbhali, ukuthi isintu sibhekene kakhulu "omdala" izinkinga futhi umntwana kudingeka uthisha ngomqondo esiphezulu igama.

Modern umphakathi esibucayi abathintekayo cishe zonke izici zokuphila komuntu, e Umq. H. Futhi imfundiso, ukudala isimo esinzima sokuthuthukiswa imvelo zemfundo kanye pedagogy, njengoba isayensi, sisonke. Ingqikithi yalo crisis useke watholakala - ukuthembela ku ukucabanga esisemthethweni-okunengqondo nokufunda. Kodwa ukugeleza okwandayo kolwazi kudinga inqubo intensifitsirovaniya zemfundo -. "A, zezenhlalo ozimisele, umsebenzi okhethekile okunenjongo e uhlanganyela nawabantu ukuphila umphakathi" [3] Le nqubo idinga ukuqaphela yothisha kuwo wonke amazinga uhlelo lwezemfundo kwemithetho, izimiso kanye nezindlela ukuqeqeshwa nokufundiswa, ukwakheka ubuntu. Isikhathi ngokwayo kudinga ushintsho of the Paradigm ezemfundo, rethinking isipiliyoni sokufundisa zanqwabelana yisintu; eqaphela imithetho eyisisekelo ngempela wokuphila, izinguquko yokuphila, umsebenzi njalo ku uxhumano nolimi phakathi ngokomoya nangokwenyama e wonke umuntu. Futhi kungenziwa ngempela ngokuthi noshintsho emhlabeni umuntu angikho: ilungelo ukwakha ubudlelwano nazo zonke izenzakalo futhi izinqubo, indlela obhekene bona abantu. Futhi uma namuhla sibonisa izindlela kungenzeka nezindlela ubuhle emhlabeni engaphakathi izingane zethu, bese udala amathuba "ukuqinisekisa ukuzithiba ungubani, ngoba iSilekeleli Sokwazisa yayo; ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi; siqinise futhi ekuthuthukiseni umthetho ". [1]

Uma ucabangela izigaba eziyinhloko e pedagogy, ngifuna ukubhekana omunye ukhiye, ngokombono wethu, izimbangela zezinkumbulo inhlekelele imfundo yesimanje futhi ukuqeqeshwa - sokuhamba emsebenzini ongokomoya, ukwenqaba yokusesha ikusasa lakhe, indlela yakhe zokwehluleka yabo kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi noma ngisho nokuphila konke. Eqinisweni-ke kungenziwa ngokuthi inganekwane ukwenza. Othisha, ukucabanga adlulisa ulwazi ezinganeni, eqinisweni adlulisele ulwazi mayelana nolwazi, ekhuluma ngemfundo, kube ngawokwakha show, ethi amazwi "smart", ngisho omema ngezibonelo ezingokomlando. Futhi ngokulambisa udlala yimuphi umehluko inqubo yemfundo. Sekuyisikhathi eside esetshenziswa abantu Izendlalelo izwi imfundo ku ingxenye yayo: amandla ingane ukuze babe. Ubani kubeka ku inqubo imfundo lokuhle sokuzidela, kodwa ...).

J. A Comenius wabhala: isitsha umfundi ezingenalutho elidinga ukugcwaliswa. Ubani futhi siyosho ugcwalise? Kufanele siqaphele umthwalo enkulu ngekusasa, ukusiza labo abadinga usizo lwethu, ikakhulukazi izingane. Kanjani? Okokuqala, ukubona ingane hhayi umfundi, futhi umuntu ukufunda. Ngo ethandwa nokufundisa umkhuba ezihlobene nezinye abafundi. "Sivame bathi - wabhala SL Soloveitchik, ingane futhi umuntu, nakuba akucaci uma iqhathaniswa nomuntu "kakhulu" - nathi, noma benzenjani? Ukuze yena ingane kubantu namuhla, futhi kuye akukho mazwi ukukholisa ukuthi akayena umuntu noma abaphansi abahlala endaweni ngokungemthetho. I ngobuqotho, ngibona namuhla ingane yomuntu, ngcono kuzoba uma ekhula ". [4]

Ukukhuluma mayelana amathuba lokuzikhethela yamasu imfundo, singakwazi ukhombe imodeli zamasiko yokudala [3]. Lapha, ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe kusekelwe hhayi logic of ndaba, futhi orientation neyobuntu imfundvo inqubo kumiswa ungubani kwamasiko, e umugqa oqondile onalezizimpawu yobudala amakhono psycho-ngokomzimba ubuhlakani ingane. Isimiso umthombo - ubuqotho "isithombe ezweni" futhi umuntu nem.t. e. orientation akuyona isimo, hhayi emakethe, kodwa isiko. Ngokuqinisekile kuqinisekisa ukuba khona isici ezingokomoya nezokuziphatha esikhathini esizayo yomntwana noma iyiphi inkundla practice social. Kumele kube khona nezinye izingxenyana izindlela zokufundisa ezweni lethu impahla. Kumuntu iyiphi into emhlabeni - zibangelwa ukuxhumana.

Ngokubona kwethu kubalulekile ukufunda ukushintsha izinga nokuxhumana, ukuthola ithuba elilungile kanye evumayo tetemfundvo nekucecesha asemasha. "Umnqopho namuhla liyadingeka ukubeka ubuntu bengane, hhayi impumelelo kwezihloko. Sidinga ukubuyela esikoleni esiphakeme. " Namuhla, esikoleni udzinga kwakhiwe izinhlelo ngempumelelo zemfundo okuhloswe ngaso ukuthuthukiswa kanye kumiswa ngabanye umfundi, futhi ukuze ngifeze lokhu kubalulekile ukufuna iqiniso, Paradigm wezemfundo, othisha ozalelwe isikhathi lo msebenzi, ekuthuthukiseni kanye kumiswa umuntu okade kube yinto esiyenza njalo, kanye okukhipha, ngenxa sizoba esizayo okukhulu.

izincwadi

1. RF uMthetho "Ngo Ezemfundo" .- M., 1994.
2. Bibliya. M :. eMoscow Sabefundisi 1992.
3. Krajewski VV Bangaki kithi pedagogies // Pedagogy 1997, №4.
4. Collection izaga kanye namazwi naroda Russian. M :. Krohn-Pres 1996