Uhlelo lokusebenza kuhlanganisa amaphasela software elandelayo bese ... (ohlwini)

Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza siqhutshwa izindlela kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi abe othize isinyathelo okugxile nomsebenzi wabo siqu. Phela, ehlanzekile igobolondo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengoba umsebenzisi ukuxazulula imisebenzi yakhe yansuku zonke, okuyiwona empeleni, kudingeka ikhompyutha siqu. Ngakho manje kufanele ukubhekana neqiniso ukuthi lokhu yesistimu yokusebenza, ukuthi zinhlobo kunjalo, iziphi izinhlelo ezidingekayo ukusebenza naso.

Uyini-operating system?

Isistimu - iqoqo izinhlelo ezihlobene, ngosizo lapho ukulawula i-computer umsebenzisi nokuxhumana umshini Computing. Eqinisweni, i-OS e izakhiwo jikelele ye-computer siqu (eqinisweni, njengoba Smartphones, amagajethi kanye nezinye devaysakh yesimanje) itholakala phakathi kumadivayisi (ubani kukhona processor, RAM, ihluzo ikhadi, nokunye okunjalo) kanti isicelo izinhlelo. Ngo amakhompyutha zanamuhla liqukethe a amaphakethe okuthiwa, ngamunye okuyinto unomthwalo nokuxhumana nedivayisi ethile, futhi wenza umsebenzi othile.

Abantu abaningi ukudida amaphakethe kwe-software wesistimu yokusebenza amaphakheji isicelo. ingcaca amafayela ukucutshungulwa, ukudalwa nokufomethwa ulwazi umbhalo, ukuqopha futhi sicubungula amafayela alalelwayo, exchange of ulwazi ibanga phakathi kwabasebenzisi, izinhlelo kanye nokunye okuningi ... Konke lokhu ngeke kwenziwe usebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlinzela. Ukuqedela umsebenzi kudingekile ukuba izicelo ezithile, futhi izicelo. Kodwa amaphakheji yesistimu yokusebenza ivumela kuphela usebenze isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza ikhompyutha, idivayisi zokuxhumana kanye nezinye izinhlelo. Noma kunjalo, indlela yokusebenzisa i kukodwa isethi ngaphambilini izinhlelo ahlobene anikeza ngolwazi ukucubungula, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isipiliyoni umsebenzisi ikhompyutha siqu.

Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenzisa?

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, naphezu kwengcebo izinkampani onguchwepheshe ukudalwa software, izinhlelo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuthuthukiswa wokusebenza bekulokhu inombolo kungagcini izinkampani. Empeleni, wonke emakethe kuhlala sphere letimbili letinkhulu IT: Microsoft ne-Apple. Ukuze wokusebenza zihlanganisa Microsoft Windows ne-Apple Mac OS. Ngaphambili, kwakukhona amanye amaphrojekthi (ngisho WaseSoviet), kodwa ezinye, ababange besaba khona izizathu.

Inzuzo obuqand kuyinto ohlangothini inkampani ka-Bill Gates: uhlelo lokusebenza Microsoft Windows inikeza umsebenzi engaphezu kuka-90% ama-computer emhlabeni wonke. Ngezindlela eziningi kwenzeka ngenxa bakhululeke igobolondo ukusabalala (ke angasebenzisa abakhiqizi computer, kodwa khona version ilayisensi). Isistimu ye-Windows 10 zokugcina version etholakalayo kusuka ku-Microsoft. Ezinye izindaba zika-share emakethe zaba-Mac OS, okuyinto usebenza kuphela Apple imikhiqizo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ilahlekelwa esincintisana zako ezisemqoka.

Lokho akusebenzi uhlelo lokusebenza?

Ububanzi egcwele izinhlelo ezinikeza ukubandakanya kwabasebenzisi computer, noma kunjalo ayikwazi kubhekwe igobolondo kanye imvelo ekuthuthukiseni isofthiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, LPT, SDK kanye nenombolo yabanye.

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi Linux uhlelo lokusebenza asisebenzi, ngoba kuyinto free ukuthuthukisa igobolondo. Iqiniso noma cha, kunzima ukusho. Konke kuncike lapho uhlangothi indlela lolu daba. Uma sikhuluma Linux njengoba ngesisekelo mobile yokusebenza izinhlelo Android uhlobo, Bada noma i-BlackBerry, bese ukhuluma ngalo njengenhlangano izinhlelo ezimele complex abakwazi ukuya. Uma sihlanganisa eziningi athuthukile ngesisekelo salokhu, izinhlelo ezimele ngaphansi Linux izwi, kunengqondo ukuphetha yesistimu yokusebenza yayo.

Kunezindlela eziningana nezindaba wokuzwana iphasela isofthiwe kithi esigabeni. Ikakhulukazi le osebenza ku DOS - Uhlelo lwakwa. Ebhekisela iqiniso lokuthi kakhulu igama liqukethe omazisayo amagama amabili, abaningi zibheka lokhu njengokubonisa isikhumba self-OS. Kodwa lokhu kuyadukisa. DOS - esibonakalayo elikuvumela ukufaka kukhompyutha yakho ye-Windows, engasekho. Ngenxa yalokho, akukhona ukuthi wokusebenza kungokwalabo.

Kuyini isofthiwe?

Software - Lokhu ngokukhethekile program noma isofthiwe iphakethe ngosizo lapho ukuqaliswa komsebenzi, okuyinto yakhelwe ukwenza yesistimu yokusebenza. Lesi sigaba eziyisisekelo, njengoba kungekho sizathu ukusebenzisa ikhomphyutha siqu ngaphandle kwalo. Isofthiwe iza flavour ezimbili: uhlelo kanye isicelo. Ukunika incazelo futhi ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwabo, sizokwazi ngesibonelo ethandwa kakhulu-operating system - I-Microsoft Windows.

izinhlelo System

Ukuhlola isilawuli se-Windows uqobo, badinge ukuxoxa ngothandekayo isofthiwe yohlelo, njengoba kuba uhlelo lokusebenza. Lesi sigaba iyona ebaluleke kakhulu, njengoba le software isetshenziselwa budlelwane emkhatsini indoda nekhompyutha imishini, okungukuthi, usebenza nge-Windows. Isethi kwezinhlelo ezinjalo incike onjani Ukucaciswa iyikhompyutha siqu, futhi lapho izingxenye zitholakala Ngibambeni. Isofthiwe uhlelo ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: eziyisisekelo futhi esemthethweni noma isevisi.

isofthiwe Basic inikeza ikhompyutha nhlobo. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa uhlelo lokusebenza njengoba enjalo (ie, njengoba iqoqo izinhlelo ezidingekayo ukuqalisa umshini) kanye igobolondo yokusebenza (kungaba abonise kwesistimu). Izinsiza zisetshenziselwa esebenza ngokuqondile nezinhlangano uhlelo kwimodi egcwele. Kulesisimo-ke, ukuze wokusebenza zihlanganisa lezi nhlelo ezilandelayo:

1. Umshayeli amakhadi. Lokhu iphakethe software, okuyizinto ezidingekayo ukuze ikhadi ihluzo, okuyinto computer, okuhambisa isithombe enophephela uhlelo izinqubo esikrinini. Abenzi eyinhloko ihluzo amakhadi Nvidia inkampani futhi AMD, njengoba kuthiwa, ngokulandelana, wahlanganyela ukuthuthukiswa kanye nabashayeli ukuthi imikhiqizo yayo.

2. abashayeli ikhadi lakho umsindo. Lezo zinhlelo badinga ukuphuma Efundweni imisindo ikhiqizwa lapho umsebenzi yesistimu yokusebenza. Mhlawumbe umphakeli kuphela enkulu lawo makhadi, futhi ngokufanelekile, kanye ne-software kubo kuyinto Realtek.

3. Network Izinsiza. Njengoba kusobala kakade kusukela isihloko, zingabantu ezidingekayo for ukusebenza amanethiwekhi lapho ikhompyutha ixhunyiwe. izinhlelo Network kuvame eyakhelwe ngunjiniyela zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma, amise futhi usebenze amanethiwekhi. Linikeza ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi Windows Microsoft Net Umbuso indawo.

4. Uhlelo ukufakwa futhi khipha isofthiwe. ithuluzi okunjalo isetshenziswa ukulawula ikakhulukazi izicelo. Ngalo, ungasusa, hlela, futhi ukufaka isofthiwe futhi izibuyekezo kukhompyutha yakho.

5. Uhlelo Security. Lesi sigaba mhlawumbe yakhula kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke isofthiwe sevisi yesistimu. Isizathu kanje. Okokuqala, kukhona izinhlelo eziningi ezahlukene ukuvikela ulwazi lomsebenzisi kusuka amagciwane kanye nokweba. Lezi zihlanganisa i-firewall (isivikelo ekuhlaseleni inethiwekhi nama-virus singangeni ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi) kanye ne-software ukubethela (esephepheni yolwazi yokugcina okwengeziwe nokuvikelwa).

6. ukuhlola uhlelo CPU yakho futhi uhlelo lokusebenza. Ukuze engamele, isimo imemori yesistimu yokusebenza, nobuningi kanye nomthamo imisebenzi processor, ukutholakala kwezinhlelo ezinjalo kuyadingeka.

izinhlelo isicelo

Ekuqaleni ingxoxo yethu, wathinta umsebenzi esincane lapho isofthiwe ehlosiwe isicelo. Kodwa kwakunzima uhlu oluphelele, okuyinto, mhlawumbe, ukwenza into engenakwenzeka. Lezo zinhlelo zidalwe ngoba kuhambisane netinhloso: ukusebenza yolwazi ukuze ukuzijabulisa. Sibheka ezibaluleke kakhulu ngomsebenzi kwansuku kuphela.

Ukusebenza ngolwazi umbhalo

Faka, ususe, ushintsho, ukufometha, ukudluliswa, ukubethela, ukulondolozwa - akusiyo uhlu oluphelele imisebenzi ukuthi umsebenzisi angafeza ngosizo izinhlelo ezinjalo. Ethandwa kakhulu, elula futhi ijwayelekile bawaphendule izinhlelo ukusebenza ngolwazi kombhalo kuyinto iphakethe-Microsoft Office. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ukuze uthole iphakethe kwakudingekile ukuba ahlukane ikhompyutha. Kodwa manje ukuze isofthiwe eza ngqo yesistimu yokusebenza, zihlanganisa iZwi (umhleli umbhalo wakudala), i-Excel (ukusebenza amaspredishithi), PowerPoint (inhlanganisela umbhalo kanye amafayela soxhumanoningi ezethulweni), kanye OneNote (umbhalo umhleli ngesimo amanothi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ejwayelekile kufakaphakathi zonke izinguqulo ze-Windows kukhona "-Notebook" futhi WordPad (Igama lula).

Ukusebenza ngolwazi multimedia

amafayela Image, alalelwayo video, kanye namafayela nenye imidiya zidalwe, ukuhlelwa kanye kusetshenzwe futhi usebenzisa isofthiwe ezengeziwe. Ngokungafani umholi isigaba odlule phakathi Onjiniyela izinhlelo okunjalo akukhona Microsoft, futhi ku-Adobe. Amaphakethe kokuba igama elivamile Suite Creative, aqukethe uhla sasivumela ububanzi imikhiqizo software soxhumanoningi. Phakathi kwabo, yebo, kukhona Photoshop, okuyinto umhleli wezithombe ethandwa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Adobe usinikeza Illustrator (isofthiwe Vector ukuhlela), Ngemva Effects (isiqophi umhleli), Acrobat (idokhumenti ngogesi format .pdf), Audition (umhleli umsindo). Akufakiwe iphakethe, kodwa futhi ubabonisa isofthiwe ye-Adobe ukuze kudlalwe kwezicelo web-Flash Player.

Ngokuphathelene izinhlelo ngabanye zalolu hlobo, zikhona kube nemikhiqizo eminingi kangaka ezahlukene, okuvumela ukuba usebenze ngamafayela multimedia. Ngokwesibonelo, esakhelwe-Windows Paint nokuhlela amafayela multimedia umdlali noma freeware umdlali audio AIMP.

Izingosi

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi namuhla bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi ngama-intanethi noma akazange ukuzisebenzisa kanye empilweni yami. Kodwa ukuze uthole ukufinyelela akwanele nje khona ikhadi inethiwekhi, inethiwekhi amathuluzi kanye nokuxhumana. Ukuze uqale umsebenzi inethiwekhi iningi amacala zenzeka usebenzisa isiphequluli sewebhu, zazo kusenenqwaba. Operation uhlelo lwe-Windows 10 uhlelo njengoba esizenzakalelayo inikeza Microsoft Edge, futhi eyandulela wakhe ezinguqulweni ngaphambili bekulokhu-Internet Explorer. Kodwa empeleni hhayi kakhulu interface yomsebenzisi-friendly nokuzinza ongaphakeme akuyona ngokuzithandela kakhulu. Iningi abasebenzisa i-Internet ukusebenzisa "Yandex Isiphequluli", Opera, i-Google Chrome noma Mozilla Firefox. Lapha, njengoba besho, ukunambitheka nombala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokubeka amafayela ifu manje ethandwa, lapho abantu bangafinyelela amafayela zabo ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene futhi kusukela kumadivayisi ezahlukene. Microsoft iyisevisi OneDrive ejwayelekile, elakhiwa ku-Windows 8, i-Windows 8.1 kanye ne-Windows 10. Nokho, zikhona kwamanye amasevisi, isibonelo, eyinqolobane, "Yandex.Disk" futhi-Google Drive.

Virus Ukuvikelwa

firewall Simple nedatha ukubethela azanele ukuvikela ulwazi lakho ekuhlaselweni okunonya. Amagciwane okuyinto ukungena ohlelweni lokusebenza ngokusebenzisa imithombo ehlukahlukene (Inthanethi, elinegciwane USB flash oshayelayo) angeke nje ukweba idatha yakho, kodwa futhi ukuletha phansi yonke ikhompyutha. antivirus Benefit kulezizinsuku yavama. izinkampani ekusungulweni kwezinhlelo zokuphepha ukuze wokusebenza Ukuze zihlanganisa Norton, Kaspersky, Dr.Web, Avast, AVIRA, akwezinye yabanye. Standard Windows wasemuva, yebo, ivikela uhlelo kahle, kodwa zama-third party-anti-virus izinkampani isofthiwe namanje abe ukusebenza ubanzi kakhulu.

Izicelo e Design ulimi

Ngo wokusebenza njenge-Microsoft Windows 8, i-Windows 8.1 kanye ne-Windows 10 isakhiwa e isitayela esisha, ngokuthi Design Ulimi, isigaba esisha software - izicelo. Ukusebenza nabo wenziwa ehlukile ingcaca (tile) esibonakalayo, nakuba 'phezulu eziyishumi "Umsebenzisi kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo ezivamile futhi entsha. Izicelo kungaba futhi kokubili osetshenziswayo futhi uhlelo. Lesi sakamuva, ngeshwa, engakaze ngokugcwele saveza ngochwepheshe kusuka ku-Microsoft. Ngokwesibonelo, uma siqhathanisa nohlelo "ibha yamathuluzi e" futhi isicelo "Izilungiselelo", ungase uqaphele umehluko othize esivuna izilungiselelo iphaneli ubudala, lapho kukhona namanje izici eziningi. Kodwa, noma kunjalo, ephephile kakade ukusho ukuthi isicelo manje futhi ubheke uhlelo lokusebenza.

Efingqa le-agumenti

Uhlelo lokusebenza luncike ukutholakala kwezinhlelo amaphakheji ezidingekayo ukuze ukusebenza kahle kwe-computer siqu. amaphakheji lokusebenza lwesistimu umvumele ukuba basebenzisane umsebenzisi ukwenza imisebenzi elula, futhi zibonise ulwazi esibukweni ngokusebenzisa igobolondo yokusebenza. Ukuze wenze uhlelo lokusebenza ukusebenza, kumele ube iphakethe isofthiwe enikeza umsebenzi izinqubo ezihlobene nokuphathwa. Kodwa ukuze bafeze imisebenzi ebudisi, sisebenze ulwazi oludingekayo ukusebenzisa izinhlelo isicelo. Belapho impela eningi, ngakho wonke umsebenzisi angathola ngokwabo ncamashi uhlelo noma iphakethe oluyokwenza ukuba athwale izenzo wakhulelwa.

uhlelo lokusebenza-Microsoft Windows is njalo ngcono futhi olusha, ngakho kukhona zonke izindlela ezintsha futhi entsha yokusebenza ngolwazi. lokusebenza Universal, abhalwe isitayela Design Ulimi futhi ugijimela kuwo womabili amakhompyutha ideskithophu kumadivayisi eselula sebeqala ingasetshenziswa okuningi njengenjwayelo bese hlelo, nasesikhathini esizayo uzothatha indawo yabo bonke isofthiwe odlule. Futhi ngempela okunengqondo, ngoba izwe kancane kancane usuka amadeskithophu futhi laptop Smartphones kanye amaphilisi. Singagcina ngokubu- nje musa ulahleke kuleli zwe eliyinkimbinkimbi zanamuhla Imininingwane ubuchwepheshe.