Isitaki TCP ip yezifiso Windows

Namuhla sikhuluma ngalokho TCP isitaki / IP olandelwayo, futhi yini imingcele yayo kungenziwa ngokuzimela amisiwe. Kunzima ukucabanga ikhompyutha agcwele yesimanje ukuthi akanayo ukufinyelela Inthanethi global. Enough ukusebenzisa ilebula uxhumano - futhi ayatholakala cishe zonke izinsiza ezikhona. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ilebula akudingekile. Kunoma ikuphi, inethiwekhi esibonakalayo ukuxhumana Inethiwekhi yomhlabajikelele inikeza inqwaba yomagazini yezifiso TCP / IP.

Manje abasebenzisi PC ayisekho kusimangaze wokusebenza entsha, ngoba igebe phakathi ukukhululwa kwe izinguqulo ezintsha njalo ngincipha. Lokhu kwaqashelwa zonke izinhlelo athandwayo. Windows Microsoft, yokungafi Linux, malic OC (Apple), njll Isizathu sisobala Onjiniyela balwela ukugcina intuthuko (thatha, isibonelo, kumadivayisi eselula efanayo ukufinyelela ku-intanethi), ophoqelelwe ngakho ukuvuselela umkhiqizo line zayo. Kodwa akubona bonke abasebenzisi bokugcina ufake inguqulo entsha ye -operating system. Ngempela, uma usebenza ...

Kwenzeka kanjani-ke-TCP / IP olandelwayo isitaki lihlotshaniswa bonke ngenhla? Cabanga isimo: kukhona amakhompyutha ezimbili ezifanayo, enye yazo esebenzisa i-Windows 1998, futhi ngakolunye - inguqulo yakamuva ye-Linux. Kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi ijubane (nezinye izilungiselelo) ukusebenza Network uzobe ezahlukene. Isizathu - inqwaba yomagazini abangu-TCP / IP olandelwayo, nokuqaliswa kwalo esimweni ngasinye ethize. Ngokuvamile ngokwanele ukuba ufake inguqulo entsha kohlelo, ukuthola inethiwekhi isivinini esibonakalayo ukwanda.

Njengoba kakade waveza, isitaki TCP / IP yenza kube khona ukuxhumana exhunywe kwi inethiwekhi Computing amadivaysi. Imithetho zihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezine okunemibandela. Phansi kuyinto isizinda, ke emelelwa interface ngokomzimba, isibonelo, i-Ethernet. Ngakusasa (lesithathu) esiteji - ukudluliselwa datagram enqamula inethiwekhi zendawo. Owesibili main, kuba kulesigaba usebenze UDP futhi TCP yezifiso. Ekugcineni, esigabeni engenhla - isicelo, izibonelo prime FTP ne SMTP. Lamanje TCP / IP imodeli kwahlongozwa engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule i-ARPAnet. Maduzane, le protocol waqalwa on uhlelo Unix (inhliziyo Linux yesimanje). Akumangalisi ukuthi i-Inthanethi siyasebenza phezu kwawo-TCP / IP.

In izinhlelo we-Windows umndeni tincture Stack ibekwe kwelinye amagatsha ebhukwini obhekene Tcpip. Zonke amapharamitha uhlobo DWORD. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu - ubude "ukuphila" amaphakethe idatha, DefaultTTL (Isikhathi-to-Live). iyunithi ngalinye lisho idivayisi umzila ukuthi icubungula iphakethe. Uma umzila lezi amadivaysi uyakuba mkhulu kwenani TTL, iphakethe libhujiswa.

Beka phezulu iyunithi DisableTaskOffload sivimbela ukusetshenziswa co-processor ikhadi inethiwekhi. Ephambi kwezinduna isinqumo esinjalo kumephu kunengqondo uthumele ipharamitha 0.

EnablePMTUDiscovery isebenzisa indlela yokunquma usayizi elikhulu MTU iphakethe. Uma ukhetho lukhubazekile (0), kuba inani elizenzakalelayo 576 bytes.

Kunalokho ukwazi into SackOpts siqala Windows XP. ukufakwa yayo (1) ivumela uhlelo uma kudingekile ukuze Thumela amaphakethe elahlekile kuphela, hhayi umyalezo wonke.

KeepAliveInterval kubonisa inani olephakathi ukuthumela amaphakethe yokuhlola ukuthi enze ngomsebenzi kwakwakhe. Phezu kokuthola impendulo esuka kuseva, amaphakethe test azithunyelwe kuze, kuze kube isikhathi esibekiwe e KeepAliveInterval. Ngokuvamile lesi silinganiso kuyinto 1000.

MTU kubonisa usayizi ukuthumela idatha block. Ngqo imithelela ukusebenza kwakwakhe. Ngokwezinga elikhulu incike ijubane (ikhebula isiteshi, ucingo, njll).

Konke lokhu imingcele kungase kushintshwe ngesandla ukuze zivumelane izici uxhumano ekhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo eziningi ezikhethekile (tweakers) ukuba lula inqubo ukumisa. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kwezinye izimo kungenzeka Ukuwohloka imodi esebenzayo ngenethiwekhi.