Uhlelo ukuthungela. Imininingwane uhlelo ukuthungela: isikimu, isimiso wokusebenza

injini ukuthungela uhlelo kuyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe high value imisinga nekuphakelweni ke ukuxhumana ukuthungela inhlansi uphethiloli. Ngokunikezwa kokuguqula linemibhikisho we crankshaft futhi umthwalo motor ngiyibona voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu lisetshenzisiwe inhlansi at predetermined kathi. Namuhla, nezimoto ezifakelwe contact kanye yokuxhumana uhlelo ukuthungela iphuzu.

Iinsetjenziswa uhlelo contact ukuthungela

Low-voltage imisinga iwumthombo saMandla, iza kusuka generator nebhethri wemoto.

Ngokuvamile, ukubaluleka kwalesi voltage ilingana volts nambili noma nane. Futhi kabusha okwamanje ube yinhlansi e inhlansi ignitor kuyadingeka ukuze uzihambise ku volts ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili. Ukucabangela lesi isici, uhlelo ukuthungela has e yayo izifunda isakhiwo ezimbili ezihlukene. Isifunda kohlelo ukuthungela yakhiwa amayunithi ezilandelayo futhi izingxenye: ibhethri, ikhoyili tramblera, ilawula ukuthungela isikhathi cleaner nezinhlobo centrifugal, contact amakhandlela, izintambo kagesi, lifake idivayisi ukukhiya.

izakhi ngamunye kohlelo

Ukuguqula-low voltage zamanje ku design okusezingeni eliphezulu umthamo idivayisi kwekhoyili ukuthungela. Itholakala gumbi injini, kanye iningi izakhi kanye indlela ukuthungela. Indlela eyinhloko umsebenzi uqobo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: phezu Windings akuzona high voltage imisinga kagesi, futhi okwamanje mayelana emazombezombe kazibuthe is iguqulwe. Uma kwenzeka ukunqanda supply amandla kuze kube ohlobo emuva, amandla kazibuthe wanyamalala kakade ekujabulisayo ngqo Imisinga ohlobo ka voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu. Inqubo Ukuguqulwa volts ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nambili amabili kungenxa umehluko ematfuba ku Windings we coil. Lena voltage eliphakeme kudingeka ukuthi ukhiqize inhlansi phakathi oxhumana inhlansi.

umsebenzi full

ukusebenza ngendlela efanele yohlelo ukuthungela akunakwenzeka ngaphandle indlela ezifana interrupter zamanje voltage ukusebenza hhayi ngaphezulu. umsebenzi wakhe uphazamisa samanje Windings ka voltage low. Lokhu-ke Akhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngokulandelayo, zamanje siqondiswe iphini eyinhloko, esitholakala ngaphansi ikhava zedivayisi distributor. entwasahlobo Nezimo contact ezithathekayo sonke isikhathi ngazo ku-elementi umile, futhi kuhluke kuphela isikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho cam drive inqubo roller full izenzo contact ezithathekayo we isando.

capacitor

Ukuze ususe yokuthi wokushisa oxhumana ngesikhathi kuvulwa, ixhunywe parallel kuya capacitor. Umehluko phakathi indlela distributor ukuxhumana phakathi Cams angase avuse. Kulokhu, lo capacitor ukhonza ukuncela esiningi amandla kagesi futhi kunciphisa kungenzeka izinhlansi esiphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhambisana ukwanda voltage ku Windings yesibili ikhoyili emazombezombe. Ngesikhathi ukusebenza kwe-oxhumana full ushintsha uba yileli iyunithi unika zamanje yakho futhi ngaleyo ndlela lidale imisinga reverse ku-low voltage wesifunda. Lokhu kusiza ukuba asheshise ukunyamalala kazibuthe. Futhi ngokushesha lokhu kwenzeka, imisinga ephakeme e high voltage imigqa. Esimweni lapho tramblera capacitor ehluleka, injini ngeke lusebenze. izilungiselelo voltage of ematfuba wesifunda yesibili kuyoba lincane kakhulu elilungile isusa nesenzakalo. Waqala ukubona inhlansi phakathi electrode ka inhlansi kuyoba elithi "ubumpofu", futhi lokhu kunganele ukuze kuvuswe ingxube nophethiloli. Imininingwane Full imisinga ongaphakeme futhi voltages okusezingeni eliphezulu distributor tramblera aboshelwe izindlu kanye eliqhutshwa motor ngenxa umgodi cranked.

ikhava tramblera

High-voltage ukusatshalaliswa ngesikhathi amakhandlela isilinda amandla iyunithi owenziwa tramblera distributor cap. Ngemva kumiswa ikhoyili zamanje izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu befika distributor cap main contact-full, bese kuphela ngokusebenzisa isici ezithathekayo phezu plate Rotor. Ngesikhathi lapho Rotor phendula, voltage overshoots kusukela plate oxhumana kwesembozo wokusabalalisa.

Khona-ke broneprovodam pulses iDemo at voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu eza ngqo i-plug inhlansi. Xhumana cap distributor bakhethe amanye ukubhula, okuhambelana ethile injini isilinda.

Yilokho Ukusetha isikhathi wokusebenza kwama-cylinder. inqubo Specific inikeza ngisho ukusatshalaliswa umthwalo phezu crankshaft. Ngokuyinhloko, four cylinder izinjini unayo inqubo yokusebenza elandelayo: 1-3-4-2. Kodwa kungashiwo ingasebenza modified kuye umenzi. Kulokhu, ifomula kusho umyalelo umsebenzi ukuthi ukuthungela kwenzeka ekuqaleni e uMbhalo kuqala, kwase kuba kwabayishumi kwesithathu, kwesine nelesibili. Uhlelo sihlinzekela injini ukuthungela voltage nezelani inhlansi ekupheleni lo mvimbo kokucindezelwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa ukufakwa isikhathi ukuthungela.

Phambili inhlansi kuyadingeka ngenxa ukunyakaza high speed ye pistons kule amasilinda. Esimweni lapho ingxube fuel ngeke kuvuswe ekugcineni enikeziwe, nekusebenta igesi ekwandiseni lehla kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuthungela kukaphethiloli kumele ibe isikhathi, lapho piston kuziwa TDC. Lapho afakwe kahle kwi piston ethuthuka engela kuzothinta lemali elikhulu yamagesi adingekayo operation evamile injini. engela Lead isethwe ngokuvula izindlu full. Ngakho-ke akhethiwe iphuzu elithile, lapho oxhumana interrupter abahlukanisile.

umlawuli centrifugal

A Umlawuli centrifugal kuqinisekisa ukufakwa lesifanele ye-engeli ukuthungela kusengaphambili njengoba umsebenzi ngesivinini injini. Umklamo mshini Umlawuli pair of izimpahla, okuyinto phendula, ithonya ungcwecwe ngengxube oxhumana we full.

cleaner Regulator

Kuye ngezinga of umthwalo phezu iphuzu injini sparks olungisiwe cleaner Regulator. Le divayisi ogibele tramblera izindlu. Umshini Umlawuli siqukethe emakamelweni amabili ahlukaniswe diaphragm. Omunye ekamelweni baxhumana emkhathini, negemfe yesibili ngokusebenzisa inductance capacitance. Esebenzisa induku diaphragm has uxhumano ipuleti, okuyinto ifakwe full oxhumana.

Nge engela okwandisa ukuzungeza valve mpintsha is wancipha kule mpintsha osenyameni ingaphakathi. Kulesi ipuleti diaphragm ushukumisela engela kancane, kanye oxhumana bubheke interrupter drive cam. Ngakho, ukuvulwa kwenzeka ukubambezeleka, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukushintsha engela.

Amakhandlela isusa (ukuthungela pin)

Uhlelo ukuthungela ifakwe fuse izakhi ejwayelekile. Izakhi contact isusa isidingo ukuguqula amandla kagesi inhlansi ukuze kuvuswe ingxube uphethiloli amasilinda injini. Ngesikhathi lapho i ishayela kagesi idluliselwa ukuze avuse, ke oxhumana lula ukwakheka ukuwohloka inhlansi. Le nto iyingxenye kohlelo ukuthungela.

Broneprovoda

Ignition uhlelo lokuxhumana, nezinye izinhlobo ukuthungela uhlelo e broneprovodami wako ube imishini okungakwazi ngaphandle umonakalo futhi sidlule ukulahleka ngokusebenzisa voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu. Kahle kahle, lokhu nezimo wire kagesi letinalokubalulekile yethusi multi-ungqimba ukwahlukanisa.

Lapho kwakhiwa le wire oxhumana naye simise Kuvunguza, okwenza kungabi ukuphazamiseka. Ngokuvamile, lezi izintambo ezifakiwe e ikhandlela. ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside wire ukwahlukanisa microcracks zingase zithole, okuyothi ngalo ukulahlekelwa kungenzeka lenani eliphakeme pulses.

Ukungasebenzi kohlelo ukuthungela nokuqeda zabo

I zokugwema ukuphuka kuqala futhi obanzi kunayo ingaba inhlansi ku inhlansi. Izizathu ukuhluleka ezifana amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Vula izintambo kagesi endaweni low voltage wesifunda noma namachibi samabhingo yabo yokuxhuma.
• oxhumana ohangulayo distributor futhi misalignment.
• Ukwehluleka we ohlobo, beshaya capacitor distributor ikhava ukukhubazeka broneprovodov kulimaze ngokwabo futhi suppositories.
• umswakama ngokweqile kule amadivaysi.

Ukuxazulula inkinga kungenzeka by indlela elandelayo:

• Hlola ukuhlolwa ithuluzi kulo lonke uchungechunge kanye wire.
• Ukuhlanza contact tramblera idiphozi futhi imvume ukulungiswa.
• Ukubuyiselwa esimweni okuyiphutha futhi osolisayo yezingxenye uhlelo.

Kwenzeka ukuthi lapho ukhiye ukuthungela ivuliwe, ukuziqalela kungasebenzi, futhi zonke izinhlelo sisebenze zibukeke, kulesi simo-ke kuyadingeka ukuba banake izakhi zokuphepha block ngangokunokwenzeka nokutubeka noma namachibi esihlalweni unogada ophethe ukuziqalela.

Uma injini imoto engazinzile futhi akwenzeki ngokuphazima amandla egcwele, isizathu angase aqambe amanga ku okulandelayo:

• Ukwehluleka omunye plugs inhlansi.
• Kukhulu kakhulu noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokungathi ngesikhala esivulwe encane plugs kanye uxhumane distributor.
• umonakalo Mechanical noma tramblera ikhava Rotor.
• engela isethi kusengaphambili engavumelekile.

Isondlo siqukethe lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukufakwa izingxenye ezintsha.
• Ukulungisa nokusulwa edingekayo.
• Ukulungisa engela isusa.

Isikimu ukuthungela kohlelo contact ulula futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni ezahlukene.

Nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha izakhi izimoto ukuthungela is njalo ngcono futhi ilungiswe. Ngokwesibonelo, onobuhle entsha ye izimoto ezivela abakhiqizi ezahlukene babe eside esetshenziswa electronic ukuthungela uhlelo. Uma kwenzeka kukhona izinkinga, uhlelo kalula kutholakale imbangela futhi afeze ukulungiswa. Imininingwane Vaz imoto uhlelo ayinakho umehluko okukhulu izakhi nezinye abakhiqizi futhi has nokwethenjelwa tekusebenta okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo engabizi ukulungisa.

uhlelo Imininingwane-Transistor

Kuqhathaniswa ezivamile uhlelo contact contact-Transistor ungaphakathi Transistor yayo kuhlomisa. isicelo sayo ngcono izici ezisebenza kanye nemingcele. Nge ukufakwa kohlelo waqala ukuhlomisa inkinobho Transistor.

Iinsetjenziswa contact-Transistor ukuthungela izinhlelo akusilo ehlukene kakhulu kusukela ukuthungela evamile kanye namasistimu okusebenza yayo isimiso. Noma kunjalo, it has ezinye nomehluko omncane.

Sici Its main yikhono nomthelela full zedivayisi Transistor, hhayi ku-ikhoyili emazombezombe. Phakathi imisinga uphazamisa e voltage ongaphakeme emazombezombe ukuba voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu emazombezombe ohlobo kuyinto lasungulwa.

Imininingwane ukuthungela uhlelo (kuhlanganise Vaz) enezinto eziningi izici ezinhle.

isilawuli Process esivela ikhoyili ukuthungela, kunomthelela kungenzeka okwandayo abakuzuzile Imisinga eyinhloko izinkampani usebenzisa ikhoyili enjani, futhi lokhu kungaholela:

• Ukwandiswa voltages yesibili.
• Ukwandisa igebe phakathi electrode inhlansi.
• Okuthuthukisiwe futhi isikhashana uzinze ka isusa.
• Lula kwethulwa motor e nenkathi ebandayo.
• Khuphula isivinini namandla enjini.

uhlelo contact-Transistor okunjalo ukuthungela, senzelwe uxhumano kwekhoyili nge Windings ahlukene zamabanga aphansi naphezulu.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo kunciphisa umthwalo oxhumana full futhi kunciphisa ingozi overcooking. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa ukwehla izinkomba odlulayo imisinga. Ngenxa leli qiniso kwandisa nokwethenjelwa UKUQINA ohlelweni lonke.

A Ububi le-plug phakathi okulandelayo: imisinga voltage egeleza kuya Transistor uye nomthelela obonakalayo nokwenza kwayo. Ukwehlisa ubufakazi wamanje ezihlobene isimo oxhumana wesifunda full, kuthinta kakhulu izici yokusebenza lokuxhumana-Transistor ukuthungela. Emaphutheni lolu hlobo ukuthungela uhlelo liyefana yini amaphutha evamile kohlelo contact kanye kuyaqedwa ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa ngaphezu kungaba khona izinkinga kokunikezwa kwe-operation evamile Transistor kanye inkinobho.

ukuqala injini

Ukuqala injini asikwazi ukwenziwa ngaphandle amadivaysi ezengeziwe electronic. Kulo mongo, sizogxila lamasu njengendlela ukuziqalela imoto. Le ndlela yokwenza kuyinto motor kagesi okuyinto ushayela ezinyakazayo sokuqala crankshaft motor kuze ukuthungela kule amasilinda futhi uqala injini. Ngo ukusebenza ukuziqalela icushiwe ngokuvula isihluthulelo lock sikhundla lengiyo. Currents ngokusebenzisa ukuthungela edluliselwe fed kusuka ibhethri ohlobo ukuziqalela futhi ngiwuphatha ukuba lithathe isinyathelo.

Uma sihlola ngokuningiliziwe, injini kokuqala inqubo yenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu:

1. retractor ukuziqalela wind pinion ukuziqalela ku nokuzibandakanya isondo umqhele.
2. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona Rotor ukuziqalela ujikelezisa ngokuhlanganyela idrayivu pinion, nokuthi, esikhundleni salokho, okuhambisa torque engu kuya crankshaft, futhi lokhu kuholela ekuphelelweni amandla iyunithi.
3. Ngemva injini is waqala futhi ukhiye ukuthungela ebuyiselwa isikhundla yayo yasekuqaleni, lo mshini isahoxisa okukhiphayo ukuziqalela drive igiya aphume ukumbambisana ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza.

isabelo edluliselwe

Noma yimuphi udlulisela kagesi - idivayisi ukuphepha, okuyinto ifakwe isistimu ukuthungela. Imininingwane uhlelo ukuthungela kulokhu iyathinteka. Inhloso Its main iwukuba Ukuvula nokuvala ezihlukahlukene sites ezifundeni kagesi imoto. Amadivayisi babe umehluko isakhiwo kanye indlela isiginali control, futhi ukufakwa. Okwamanje kabanzi bamukela udlulisela kagesi.

Ngamagama alula, lolu hlobo imoto kagesi ivikela izakhi ezihlukahlukene imithwalo ephezulu zamanje. Vele ushintshele abawusebenzisayo. Ikakhulukazi, uhlelo kuvimbela inkinobho imoto ukuthungela futhi generator ukuziqalela ukwenekwa imisinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqala injini, vula switch ukuthungela bese uvula ukuziqalela ukusebenza, okuyinto yena, ibusa kusuka 80 kuya 300A.

Kulokhu, uma ungasebenzisi edluliselwe, lock ezivuthayo, kanye tincenye letitsite wiring. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke ohlelweni zihlanganisa ukuthungela edluliselwe. Lapho kudivayisi inesithombe diode isithonjana, kusho ukuthi uma uyixhuma kubalulekile ukugcina polarity terminals. Kungenjalo, ukwehluleka is ngenakugwemeka.

isiphetho

Ngenxa yalokho, kuyafaneleka ukuthi owokuqala, eyayisetshenziswa kabanzi sandile emakethe yezimoto, kwaba uhlelo ukuthungela contact. Lolu hlelo ukuthungela isetshenzisiwe unethemba ngempela, kodwa okwamanje kubhekwa ukuthi ayisebenzi. Iphuzu umpofu nje kwenzakala khona ku pair isakhiwo tramblera contact. Phela, kudingeka yesondlo gqwa kuyehla kube nesidingo sokuhlola ngokulungisa igebe phakathi oxhumana nabo, ukuhlanza evele contact izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba iminonjana esivuthayo, okungase kakhulu ezithinta ukusebenza izici iyonke. Endaweni zalesi simiso weza yokuxhumana ukuthi selilungiswa enjalo akudingi, futhi lubonakala ngokuqina abashayeli njengoba athembeke kakhulu.

Ngakho, senza ukuthi yimuphi ingabe isimiso loxhumana naye-Transistor ukuthungela simiso imoto.