Ukuhlasela isibhamu "Turner". Entsha lokushaya isibhamu "Turner"

Gun - nezibhamu zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa umuntu othile noma iqembu, isicelo ukubhubhisa Manpower wesitha. Ukuhlasela isibhamu "Turner" - izikhali, okuzoxoxwa ngayo kulesi sihloko. Kumele ukuthi iningi ulwazi ngalolu hlobo oluthathwa.

Russian submachine izibhamu esikhathini esidlule

"Izikhali, ukuphula nokuvinjezelwa kweLeningrad," - okubizwa ngokuthi ingane Sestroretsk Ithuluzi Factory, elisungulwe ngokwemigomo indlala, ukuntuleka kwezinsiza (kokubili abantu futhi impahla eluhlaza). Ukuze kuhlonishwe umsunguli walo - Alexander Ivanovich Sudareva - isikhali abulawa ngaso ngokuthi submachine isibhamu Sudareva (PPS-43). Ngokuba njengamazulu ephakeme ukulwa ukusebenza kwakhe kwenza kwaba nomfutho omkhulu ngo-1943 The izimfanelo ukuze kwakhiwe lolu hlobo isikhali kwaba isidingo ukuthola enye isivele iyasebenza PCA-41 (submachine isibhamu Shpagin). Imodeli we usayizi esikhulu wayengaphambi zingavumi kakhulu amabutho ithangi, kokubili emanzini nasezweni futhi intelligence, kanye edingekayo yokwenza inqwaba izinhlamvu ngenxa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu imodeli.

Russian PP Manje

Eminyakeni 90 ngoba izidingo ezifuywayo MIA imodeli ekhiqizwa PP-91 "Cedar" nge ubukhulu 9 × 18 PM futhi PP-9 "nhlonhlo", kuyinto ezithuthukisiwe "Cedar". Calibre 9 × 18 mm Appl. Ngemva kwalokho, wathi gauge ukhishiwe emakethe, wafika esikhundleni mm 9 × 19.

Ngokubukeka imodeli akuyona ezahlukene kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ekuqaleni, ukuthuthukiswa "Cedar" Yayisekelwe zezingubo gunsmith Soviet EF Dragunova- design Evgeniya Dragunova.

Russian submachine izibhamu njalo Ushintshe hhayi kuphela kuleli zwe kodwa futhi phesheya. Ngokwesibonelo, e-isi-Polish Yabantu Republic (Poland) esikhathini kusuka ngo-1948 kuya 1955 ke kwenziwa ukukhiqizwa kwezikhali, eyabizwa ngokuthi PPS wz.1943 / 1952, eyayisekelwe PPP-43 design.

Eyokuqala nokuhlanganisa isibhamu eRussia futhi hhayi kuphela

umshini emhlabeni wokuqala sathathwa esandleni indoda emuva ngo-1916 ecaleni of a imodeli entsha ye-Russian imperial ibutho ngezibhamu. Amasosha babechichima injabulo ngokuba izibhamu kokudubula emgqeni.

Rifle Fedorova sebunzimeni Inzima yayo osekuyisikhathi eside emanzini, ngaphansi ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside uthuli, bese kuqhubeka lokhu. Brainchild Fedorov ihlolwe, kodwa kwakungakabi othomathikhi. imizamo eqhubekayo yokuthuthukisa izikhali ezintsha athuthukile cartridges ezintsha. Kodwa konke kusenjalo waqala neMpi Yezwe II, futhi umsebenzi uhlehlisiwe.

izikhali ngokwanele nezinto Nakuba phakathi kwababusi amabutho ayengenayo kwadingeka ukuba saneliswe ezinye izindlela njengakwamanye amazwe. Kwakuwusuku isiNtaliyane, isiFulentshi futhi American ngezibhamu. Futhi carbines "Arisaka" ovela eJapane, senzelwe nabo 6.5 mm ubukhulu izinhlamvu. Ngaleso sikhathi, lesikali senziwe Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe isitshalo Petersburg. Futhi Fedorov wanquma ukuzivumelanisa indalo yakhe ngaphansi amachashazi Japanese.

Ngo-1916 Fyodorov isiqu mfushane indalo yakhe, uye enikeziwe izikhali ibhokisi-ezosetshenziswa 25 imizuliswano, futhi asingathe for sokudubula mathupha. Umphumela waba wokuqala ozishintshayo, nokuhlanganisa isibhamu emhlabeni, ngokudubula Ukuvutha.

PPF empini

Lokhu isikhali yasetshenziselwa kuze kube 1940 ISIKHATHI sokugcina okukhulunywa ngaso butholakala phakathi nempi Russian-Finnish. ezindaweni eziqhelelene engabandlululi lesitha, ayehlome sub-machine gun "Suomi" bayengelwa ngamabomu amaviyo iRed Army on the uhla labadubuli, kodwa zinhlanga emva skirmish emfushane. Uma sicabangela lezi zinto, umyalo iRed Army wanquma ukuletha emuva ku-service muva elingasekho empini PDP (Degtyarev submachine isibhamu) futhi, ngokufanelekile, brainchild of Fedorov.

Ngemva kwempi Russian-Finnish esihlatshiwe lingasetshenziswanga PPD, nakuba zikhona mlando, wathola isicelo ku izigaba ngazinye phakathi Battle of eMoscow ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.

Impi ngokomzwelo ngaphansi umlilo PCA, MP-40, Thompson nezinye izikhali. Kuphela ngo-1944, uHugo Schmeisser ezikhishwe nenzalo yabo StG-44 (SturmGewehr 44 - ngesiJalimane "nokuhlanganisa isibhamu"), futhi ngo-1947 uvele inombolo Machine eyodwa - kokusungulwa Kalashnikov. Gone izibhamu submachine futhi izibhamu waqhubeka.

"Turner" futhi "Chord"

Guns "Turner" futhi "Intambo" (olwesimanje) banikezwe 2013 efektri ukukhombisa abameleli lempi. Lubhekele design - design bureau Kovrov yaqanjwa V A. Degtyarova Plant. Ngokusho imibhalo design (CD), "Turner" kuhanjiswe ukukhanya machine gun nge tape esitolo ompompi zifana onobuhle Western njengoba 5.56 mm M249 FNMinimi (USA) kanye 7,62 mm IWINegevNG7 (Israyeli).

Incazelo isibhamu esisha

Yekuchumana lokwelekelela imfihlo, eyaziwa kuphela incazelo encane. Ukuhlasela isibhamu "Turner" ngeke nesisindo mayelana 6.5 kg, nge eligoqiwe obuphelele Butt futhi emgqonyeni side kuyoba 900 mm, ufushanisiwe - 700 mm.

Butt obuphelele kuyinto adjustable, futhi khona slats "Picatinny wesitimela" lokukhuphula eziyimibukwane optical nezinye enokwengeziwe. Ngokusho izidingo Tactical futhi yomsebenzi isibhamu umshini kuyodingeka ngesilinganiso elibanzi ngomlilo 550-650 futhi 900-1 000 imizuliswano ngomzuzu, kanye emgqonyeni esikhiphekayo, eyenzelwe 15 000 isibhamu.

izikhali ezintsha ezingu-National Guard

April 25, 2016 kungalindelekile Interior Ministry wamemezela ithenda umsebenzi ukuthuthukiswa ku kudalwa imodeli "Turner-2." It kwashiwo ukuthi ngaphezu eshiwo ngenhla Degtyarev isitshalo uzobe ukwenza ekuthuthukisweni nokukhathalela "Kalashnikov".

"Turner" Kunzima ukusho ukuthi kungani aseqediwe lokushaya isibhamu. Izibuyekezo sengathi abekho, ngoba ngisho kanzima ukuthola izithombe imodeli, njengoba phezulu iphrojekthi imfihlo. Singagcina ngokubu- ujike izidingo Tactical futhi technical onikezwe imodeli entsha, "Turner-2."

Efanisa imibhalo design of the amasampula, kumele kuphetfwe okwakudingeka kulokhu kuhlasela isibhamu esisha "Turner" ngeke ibe ngesilinganiso elibanzi umlilo. Ngokusobala, le nto kwaholela izinkinga zokwenza umklamo izikhali, ngenxa yalokho, isisindo somzimba noma yini enye mayelana nalokho esingakusho Akekho owaziyo. Kushintshwe nezimfuneko isiqu: ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko entsha, kumelwe ezilinganiselwe 10 000 isibhamu, kuyilapho ngaphambili kwamenyezelwa sibalo 15 000. Ingabe lokhu walandisa nokwenza imodeli ngenxa ukuqedwa imfuneko ngesilinganiso elibanzi umlilo, noma igama lula Degtyaryova isitshalo umane izinkinga ngemiboko izinsiza isibhamu ukushaya, singakwazi kuphela ukuqagela. Okuthathelwa kukho, emgqonyeni machine gun RPK-74 yakhelwe 25 000 isibhamu. Ijubane nesivinini ukuthuthukisa izitolo 90 imizuliswano, esikhundleni kubo ngaleso Turner-2 kuyoba imizuliswano 60. Umncintiswano kuzophela ekupheleni ezimbili izingalo Onjiniyela yasekhaya kuyoba ngo-December 2017, le eyaziwa.

"Turner" futhi "Warrior"

Kufanele bakutshele kancane mayelana kuphi ukuthola ukusetshenziswa isibhamu umshini, "Turner." Lokhu isikhali yasungulwa ngo kohlaka iphrojekthi "Warrior" - ". Nesosha ngekusasa" umfuziselo imishini, Ukukhathazeka "Kalashnikov" (Izhmash ifektri) wayebuye yakhelwe AK-12 imishini "Warrior." I Kalashnikov isibhamu isampula 2012 Usenguyena AK-74M, kodwa izinga abalulekile ergonomic. Okuzenzakalelayo agcinwayo ukubukeka okunesithunzi, wathinta intuthuko izinhlelo ukuthuthukisa ngokunemba kanye nokunemba.

Ukukhathazeka izimbangi - Plant yaqanjwa Degtyarev - yethulwa othomathikhi AEK-971, ogama ukuthuthukiswa zenzeka njengoba ekuseni njengoba 1980. Ngokusho okunye ukubukeza, kuba phambi AK-12. Isici esiphawulekayo izikhali ezintsha - ngokulingene uhlelo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uma kokudubula isikhali inikezwe nomthelela kude ulayini emehlweni, okuba nomthelela omubi ukunemba nokunemba lapho kokudubula imisindo emifushane. Kovrov isitshalo isizixazululile le nkinga ngokufaka i ezintsha isikimu ukulinganisela ibhawudo okuyinto, lapho izimoto ophambana nazo kuyehla sokuhoxisa emgqonyeni.

Ngenxa yalokho entela ekunqabeni ukuphambukiswa isiqu incipha, ngaleyo ndlela kwande ukunemba nokunemba. Futhi ukudalwa Ukukhathazeka "Kalashnikov" akukho mishini. Nokho, ukukhiqiza ukusebenza kanye nenqwaba AEK kuyofika kuyabiza kakhulu engaphezu kwengu-AC.

Izimbangi?

Kugcina kuzophela "ngxabano" amabili yasekhaya izikhali-yokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi empeleni iyokwaziwa ngisho ngoDisemba 2017, Nokho, singakwazi kakade ukusho ukuthi ngcono ngokuthi "Turner-2" enziwa nge iso yamaphutha abo esikhathi esidlule kanye nokushiyeka.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukukhula noma iyiphi iphrojekthi akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni umzamo lonjiniyela, kodwa futhi emigomeni indlela efanele, ucabangisise ngazo futhi ngokucophelela yahlelwa reference. Kulokhu, e indima yayo buzeli izimfuneko Tactical futhi technical somkhiqizo. Ngokungangabazeki, indlela yokwakheka lawa ebaluleke kakhulu kuchutjekwe neluhlelo lwekwenta ukusebenza onobuhle ezintsha izikhali yasekhaya. Ngenxa ukukhubazeka encane wavuma kulesigaba, zingakhula zibe iphutha enkulu elandelayo. Ngakho kungaba noma nokho kwanqunywa ukuthuthukisa le imodeli kancane ngakolunye uhlangothi, ke ayikaziwa.

Efingqa

Ekuphetheni amagama ambalwa mayelana "Turner-2." Izimfuneko Tactical futhi technical salokhu phansi kuhlasela machine gun yamemezela ukunemba umlilo lingaphansi kakhulu kunezinye okufanayo RPK-74, cishe ngo-40%. Lezi zimo zokuma ziyamukeleka zokuqhuba izimpi ibangana endaweni avaliwe. Kodwa-ke, uhlala ezingaxazululeki umbuzo wokuthi kungani udinga indawo emgqonyeni eside "Turner."

isisindo Ifunwe - akukho kuka 6.5-7 kg. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba ku 2 kg nzima kuletshebetshebe RPK-74, ngakolunye - ezingeni American M249 Para - engasindi barreled isibhamu. Ukwenyusa izinga 800-900 isibhamu uhlala ndawo ngokuphelele umzuzwana, ngoba linesikhathi eside likhona uqobo esezingeni ezifuywayo 600-650 isibhamu.

kuphakama imibuzo eminingi futhi ukuthuthukisa imizuliswano esitolo 60, ngoba uphondo RPK-74 ivolumu 45 ngokwayo wazibonakalisa ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu efanayo machine gun ibhande. Izimfuneko kushiwo Butt telescopic at izikhundla eziyisithupha, nakuba usumisiwe uqobo ezikhundleni ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kodwa kungase kube inkinga yomuntu "Lungisa" ngaphansi isosha umthethosisekelo.

Isiphetho kuyinto okulandelayo: kusobala ukuthi isidingo lolu hlobo izikhali iyatholakala (ukushaya izibhamu ziyadingeka MOI), kodwa cishe, ngo-December 2017, ayizange iphuzu juqu kuleli cala. Kuyocaca ekuhambeni kwesikhathi. Kodwa ekugcineni wanquma, lapho isibhamu ukushaya "Turner" ingena ukukhiqizwa. Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi uzobe umemezele eR & D, "Turner-3."