Ukwephula imithetho yokuphepha: umthwalo, izidingo kanye nezinhlobo

Ilungelo wonke eRussia ukusebenza izimo ezikahle yomsebenzi, okuzokwenza nemithetho yokuphepha kanye nezinto eziphathelene nenhlanzeko, kuMthethosisekelo.

Ukwephula imithetho yokuphepha: nesibopho

Labor wemboni Russia ukuthuthukisa yomthethosisekelo kanye ziwumthwalo isibopho ukuqinisekisa ukulondeka inqubo zabasebenzi, imigomo okuzokwenza athobele izidingo zokulawula isimo, ngqo umqashi. Leli qiniso kushiwo esihlokweni 22. Ngesikhathi esifanayo iziqiniseko isimo ezazizovikela amalungelo ezakhamizi. Le nqubo Kwenziwa izindlela lokulawula (kokuqondisa) kanye umthwalo: ezezimali, umthetho kwezigwegwe kanye civil (. Article 419 of RF LC), Kanye zokuphatha kanye nomthetho wezobugebengu.

Art. 143 Criminal Code: ukwephulwa imithetho ukuvikelwa zabasebenzi

Lokhu kuyinsakavukela zomthetho zinhlobo obekiwe (uhlu oluphelele) isibopho sezomthetho ngenxa yokwephula izidingo esiyisibopho OT, uzibophezele isikhulu, owayebizwa baphathiswe imisebenzi (izikhulu) ukuqaliswa yabo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu osomabhizinisi ngabanye esebenza ngaphandle kumiswa inhlangano esemthethweni, Employee noma amasekela akhe, kanye izikhulu.

Ngokusho umbhalo sihloko zixhunywe ngekholi kusukela umphakathi kumele uqonde izindinganiso eziqukethwe imithetho yombuso kanye nezinye NPA Russia futhi izikhonzi zawo. Izinhlawulo iyashiyana ubunjalo imiphumela elafika ngenxa isenzo lobugebengu.

Enza umonakalo sina

necala lobugebengu ngenxa yokwephula imithetho yokuphepha, ngenxa okuyinto ngokunganakiwe okubangelwa impilo yabantu umonakalo, lesikwenta njengoba ithuna, kusho omunye unswinyo ezilandelayo:

• ahlawule isamba 400 ayizinkulungwane. ukukuthinta. noma isamba elingana nomholo (noma ezinye imali yomuntu yicala) enkathini kuze iminyaka 1.5;
• kusukela amahora 180 ku-240 emsebenzini edingekayo;
• kuze kube iminyaka engu-2 zomsebenzi kwezimilo;
• kuze kufinyelele 1 unyaka umsebenzi ophoqelelwe;
• kuze kufinyelele 1 unyaka ejele; ngaphezu kwalokho kungenzeka umuntu oboshelwe ophucwa ilungelo hlala isiphi isikhundla esithile noma ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini othize isikhathi unyaka elilodwa.

Kuzokwenzekani uma kwenzeka ukufa?

necala lobugebengu ngenxa yokwephula imithetho yokuphepha, okuholela engaqondile bebulele umuntu okukhulunywa ngaye kushiwo:

• kuze iminyaka 4 ngempoqo;
• ejele kuze iminyaka 4, i nokuswela ezingeziwe ilungelo ukuqhuba imisebenzi ethile noma ubambe isikhundla othize kuze iminyaka 3.

Uma engaqondile umuntu waphathiswa imisebenzi (izikhulu) ukuhambisana nemithetho OT, futhi abantu abaningi ezimbili babulawa, usuku ngenhla luyanda unyaka, ie kuze kufike ku 5 no-4 iminyaka ngokulandelana.

Kuyini into secala?

Sicabanga Article 143 (ukwephulwa imithetho yokuphepha zabasebenzi) we Criminal Code iqukethe ukubhekisela bezinto ezimbili lokushaya (ngqo): zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Ngaphansi likhuluma okokuqala labo nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhambisana nemithetho OT, bahlanganisa nokuphepha. Enye inhloso yalesi ilungiselelo - akusho ukuphila kanye / noma impilo. Kulokhu, izisulu kungabantu hhayi kuphela abasebenzi ibhizinisi, kodwa futhi nabanye abantu ogama imisebenzi ngokugcwele noma okwesikhashana ngandlela-thile exhunywe nenkampani.

Uhlangothi Injongo: isici

Iqembu umgomo kubhekwe icala lobugebengu (ukwephulwa imithetho yokuphepha zabasebenzi) sinezici ezintathu saziso, okuyilezi:

1. Act (noma ukungenzi yesenzo), ehambisana ne-nokwephulwa kwamalungelo kusuka, kuhlanganise ukuphepha.
2. Umphumela: kokufa isisebenzi noma umonakalo empilweni yakhe, kuchazwa ngokuthi ithuna.
3. EBukhoneni phakathi isenzo bese kufika imiphumela emibi isixhumanisi esiyimbangela.

Ngu design, indlela yokwakheka ubugebengu kanye material has a ngokucacile ezithile. isenzo Criminal kubhekwa iphelile ngesikhathi, kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso yokulimala empilweni lohlaselwayo. Esimweni ngasinye ngempela ihlelwe forensics. Ezimweni lapho ukwephulwa wemithetho non udonsa of imiphumela okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, ukubunjwa kokubulawa is ayakhekanga, ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ingeyona isihloko isiqondiso sezomthetho.

uhlangothi Isifundo subjective

umthetho Criminal, setha ngenxa yokwephula emsebenzini mithetho yokuphepha umthwalo isihloko ekhethekile. Unjalo umuntu inhlangano yemfanelo (umsebenzi) ukuhambisana nenhlangano (emsebenzini, endaweni) Ukuphepha (TB) kanye namanye amalungelo noma ukulawula ukuqaliswa yabo.

Ngokuphathelene ohlangothini subjective, lokhu kubizwa ngokusentshenziswa isimo sengqondo sokunganaki yokushayela budedengu noma ukunganaki of lowo owenze lokho. Uma ngokuhamba uphenyo it is neshaya ngenye indlela, okungukuthi, ukuba khona behlose okuvela kuyo nemiphumela engathi sína isisulu noma ukufa kwakhe, khona-ke kakade kwenzekani umthwalo lobugebengu ubugebengu ngokumelene impilo kanye / noma ukuphila.

(. Of Criminal Code, isihloko 143rd) Ngakho, ukwephulwa imithetho ukuvikelwa zabasebenzi has eyodwa esandisayo - bemvelo isixhumanisi esiyimbangela phakathi isenzo nomphumela. Ngamanye amazwi, ukufa noma ukulimala siqu (kanzima kuphela) kumele kube umphumela ukwephula uMthetho we.

Ukurhunyezwa of Art. 285, 293 we Criminal Code

Ngiyavuma, ukwephulwa imithetho yezabasebenzi ukuvikelwa beseduze linencazelo kwezinkambiso of Art. 285, 293 yomthetho lobugebengu elawula kabi ehhovisi nokunganaki, ngokulandelana. Ekusebenteni, izimo ezinjalo zenzeka kaningi, futhi kufanele ngokufanele ahlukanisiwe elinye kwelinye. Analysis kwamangqamuzana wenziwa esekelwe amacala zabasebenzi, okuye okunikezwe isikhulu esithile. Esikhathini ubugebengu ngaphansi Art. 143 isihloko, njengoba kuye kwashiwo - iyona lomuntu okunguye owayesebenza nje ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha isisebenzi, ukuhambisana OT nokuthi indiva noma wenziwe ngokwethembeka okuhle.

Endabeni Art. 293 izinto ihlukile. Isihloko kuyoba lowo, ngokuhambisana ehhovisi yabo kwadingeka ukuba uthole ukwaziswa mayelana nendlela izinto emsebenzini noma enhlanganweni ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha futhi izinyathelo ezifanele ukugwema ingozi.

umkhuba izinkantolo

Prakthiza ezimweni wezokushushiswa ngenxa yokwephula imithetho ukuvikelwa zabasebenzi (Criminal Code) uvezwe Lesinqumo LoMkhandlu-Armed Forces of the Russian Federation № 1 ka 24.04.1991 ka kwethu ongahlala kwamanye kucaciswa.

Ngaphansi kwemibandela Ukulungiswa umthwalo okuhlaselayo ngokuba icala akuxhomekile ifomu kobunikazi. Isihloko ekhethekile, kodwa kungaba aziziningi izakhamuzi Russian kuphela kodwa futhi abantu lizwe ababhekwa njengezakhamuzi zalo nabezizwe. Uma isenzo, okungukuthi kokunikezwa kwe-kwezinkambiso imithetho OT, isisebenzi izimisele ongeyena umuntu okukhulunywe ngakho eMthethweni evamile 143 Criminal Code, kodwa wesenzo noma yokungenzi okuthile kuye kwabangela ukuqala nemiphumela ke itayitela zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu ubugebengu ngokumelene umuntu.

Ngo ephoqelela umusho, ijaji kufanele inake izinhlobo ukwephula imithetho yokuphepha, okuyinto eyenzeke, ubuntu babo, nobukhali nemiphumela, nastuvshih ngenxa ukuthunywa kwabo, kanye nezinye izimo, ngokuhambisana Criminal Code. Ngemva kokuzindla ngalezi ku-akhawunti, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ukuqashwa kukaNksz hhayi kuphela isijeziso esikhulu, kodwa futhi ezengeziwe.