Umdlavuza pancreatic: izimpawu, uphethwe, ukuphathwa

Omunye esiyingozi isimila pathologies kuyinto amanyikwe. Izimpawu zesifo ukuhlonza ngendlela efanele usaqala cishe kungenakwenzeka. Lesi sifo sitholakale umuntu iziguli, ngokuvamile ngo Usuqhubekile. A ikhambi zokugula okuqhubekayo kunzima ngempela.

Incazelo yokwakheka

Amanyikwe - isitho esincane, akhiwe ukuze nje ngemva kwesisu. It wenza imisebenzi emibili ebalulekile:

1. Wokugaya ukudla. Isitho ukhiqiza ama-enzyme. Bona umthelela ekuwohlokeni wafika amaprotheni ukudla, amafutha, carbohydrate. Kwemihlambi enzyme ezivezwa wendlala Amapayipi phakathi duodenum.
2. Endocrine. Kwamanyikwe ukhiqiza i-hormone ehilelekile izinqubo umzimba. Phakathi kwabo insulini. I-hormone uyakwazi ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini. Esinye isici esibaluleke iyona glucagon. Hormone ithuthukisa glucose. Ayikho ebaluleke kancane kukhiqizwe gastrin. Lokhu i-hormone inyuka runningaway ndlala juice pancreatic.

Anatomy kwamanyikwe kukhona iminyango elandelayo:

• ikhanda;
• intamo;
• umzimba;
• umsila.

Ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini isimila ikhanda amanyikwe.

zokugula Izimbangela

umdlavuza pancreatic, izimpawu zazo ngokucacile kubonakala izigaba yokugcina - lokhu umdlavuza. Pathology akuve kuvamile ukuba Oncology. Njengoba akhawunti anda umthwalo ihadiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba awukwazi njalo sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo imisebenzi yabo core.

Izimbangela umdlavuza ezimweni eziningi zokwelapha kuseyimpicabadala. Nokho, odokotela baye baphawula izici ezinikeza izimo ngoba ukudalwa zamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ngakho, isimila esibulalayo kwamanyikwe ingaqala ku ngemuva:

1. Ukubhema. Lokhu iyisici sokuqala ukuthi kuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa zokugula. Polycyclic hydrocarbon elimnandi eziqukethwe nentuthu kagwayi, kuyinto stimulator enamandla ukuthuthukiswa isimila. Cishe 1/3 azo zonke izifo kwamanyikwe kwabangela ngokubhema umdlavuza.
2. Asebekhulile. Abantu engaphezu kuka-60 nivame ingozi yesifo.
3. Ubulili. Ngokwezibalo, lokhu isimila indlala sitholakale kaningi ezingabantu.
4. Isifo sikashukela. Amazinga aphezulu igazi ushukela kungaholela emdlavuzeni pancreatic.
5. pancreatitis Okungalapheki. ngokuvamile Long ukuvuvukala wamanzi ogelezayo kuyisici ungalokothi uphuze ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. izinguquko esisheshayo e kwamanyikwe, isici I-pancreatitis, avuse ukuvuvukala umzimba. Outflow enzyme kunzima. juice pancreatic abakutholanga ku ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, nomphumela olimazayo izicubu isitho. Ngenxa yalokho, sina iphazamiseke parenchyma pancreatic.
6. Ukukhuluphala. iziyaluyalu ukhuluphele futhi ahlobene emzimbeni kungaba umthombo umdlavuza.
7. Ukungondleki. Ukuhlukunyezwa carbohydrate, amafutha lidale umthwalo sithuthukiswe emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokho, insimbi lungaphela. Ukudla okune-izithelo, imifino kakhulu kunciphisa ingozi izimila.
8. Ufuzo. Ngo khona izihlobo abaye lokhu zokugula, ingozi yokuba nesifo somdlavuza wendlala inyuka kakhulu.

Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo

Kunzima kakhulu ukunquma inkathi lapho kukhona izinkinga kuqala nge kwamanyikwe. Izimpawu zingase zibe imperceptible kuze ukuqala umdlavuza isigaba 4. Futhi, ngeshwa, akuyona into engavamile. Njengoba umphumela kuphela esekhulile isimila pancreatic. Izimpawu ze-isifo esibangelwa ukusabalala komdlavuza kwezinye izicubu.

Nokho, zikhona izici okungase isifo okusolakala esigabeni sokuqala. Bancike ngokuphelele phezu kwasendaweni zokugula.

Elichaza izinkinga ehlangane kwamanyikwe, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ikhanda Oncology - kwesisindo, jaundice, fat sezinyawo, ubuhlungu besisu;
• umzimba umdlavuza, umsila - kwesisindo, ukungakhululeki besisu.

Pathology ukuthi yenzeka nezindlala ikhanda, izenze wazizwa kuneNingizimu Oncology, kwavela ezinye izingxenye kwamanyikwe.

imphawu letibalulekile

Ngokuvamile, uma sikhuluma umdlavuza pancreatic, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo kungenzeka:

1. Ubuhlungu ukungakhululeki epigastric. Lona izikhalazo lokuqala akeve enesineke. Ngenxa ukusetshenziswa ukudla njengoba umthetho, ingengaakwazi. Ubuhlungu buba bukhulu nakakhulu kakhulu ebusuku. Nge kwasendaweni pathologies e ukuqaleka ikhanda indlala ephakama kwesokunxele quadrant futhi zone inkaba. Uma usindwa umsila, umzimba kwamanyikwe, isiguli sibe buhlungu, endaweni interscapular. Ukungakhululeki lapho isikhundla Ungashintsha umfutho. Ngakho-ke, lokhu ubuhlungu ngokuvamile ngephutha kubhekwe ukuba radikulitnoy.
2. izimpawu Paraneoplastic. Isiguli ihlangabezana ukukhathala, ukungakuthandi ukudla. Ngokuvamile kukhona ukuya amafutha, inyama ukudla. Isiguli enqaba ukudakwa ozithandayo - ikhofi, utshwala, ugwayi. Akumangalisi kuboniswe kwesisindo, ubuthongo thuthuva, Trousseau Syndrome (thrombosis ezifudukayo emithanjeni neuropathy).
3. Jaundice. Ingabe sicindezelwe Bile imbobo. Ngenxa yalokho, umchamo lesiguli kanye isikhumba uthola umthunzi mnyama. Fecal ukuxegiselwa. Kukhona ukulunywa. Esinyeni nenyongo sisalokhu touch, ngaphandle kobuhlungu.
4. Ukwephula ukudla ukugaya. Esikhathini inesikhala emathunjini ingemukelwa inani elidingekayo of enzyme Bile. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli eqala ukuzaca ngokushesha. It kuvela ukuthambekela sohudo.
5. Umuzwa wento enesisindo. duodenum kubangela kokucindezelwa usezwa lesiguli ekugcwaleni, ngisho nalapho esincane ukudla kudliwa. nokubhamuka Okungenzeka ebolile. Ngezinye izikhathi ijoyina ukuhlanza ukudla.
6. Ukopha. Uma isimila ikhula ogangeni isisu, isiguli singase sikubone lokhu uphawu. It libhekene ukuhlanza, mass mushy ka sezinyawo omnyama noma amalahle abamnyama.
7. Izimpawu hypersplenism. Babonakala at ecindezela le splenic vein lwesimila. Isiguli athuthukile leukopenia, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, thrombocytopenia. Mhlawumbe ukwanda Usayizi ubende - splenomegaly.
8. Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Uma wabhubhisa neziqhingana insulini ezikhiqiza we wendlala yabesilisa, isiguli ihlangabezana izimpawu ejwayelekile. Kukhona ukoma kakhulu, Ukulunywa esikhumbeni futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, kome umlomo.
9. Ascites. Lokhu kuzakuba yisibonakaliso kundlu ngasekupheleni zokugula. Ibonisa metastases ku peritoneum, vein portal.

Noma yiziphi izimpawu ngenhla neze ethize Oncology. Ngakho-ke, ukuqaleka elihlobene ne kwamanyikwe - isizathu saziso ukubona udokotela.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

luhlolo kuphela lembula isimila.

Yize khona izimpawu (engahle eyabonisa nezinye pathologies), izifundo ezilandelayo ziqhutshwa:

1. US. Kuyinto indlela ephephile futhi kakhulu ulwazi. Ukutadisha okunjalo ukucacisa khona ukuvuvukala, izinguquko esisheshayo kwamanyikwe futhi isimo salo. Ultrasound, lokho kuhlolisisa kwembula ukuthi unesimila lokhulu kuka-2 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo kunikeza umbono mayelana ezingeni echogenicity. Lapho inhlolovo ukunquma isimo izicubu ezifana parenchyma kwamanyikwe. Ultrasound lembula izinguquko zalo kwesakhiwo.
2. CT. Ucwaningo kunikeza incazelo usayizi, indawo, zokugula, ukuzibandakanya kwezitho eduze. Investigation ukuthola okunokwethenjelwa ngokwanele yesimila kusuka 3 cm. Nokho, CT ehlangene ngemisebe ye-X ray. Ngakho ngokuvamile it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba afeze.
3. MR. Imininingwane wokuqukethwe lelisetulu indlela buhlanganiswe umthwalo encane umzimba.
4. Biopsy. Lokhu yikona onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke umdlavuza. Ukuze ucwaninge esithathwayo endaweni ethile yesimila, okuyinto ahlolisisa ngesibonakhulu. Fence izincwadi ezidingekayo wenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Ngaphansi kokulawula US inaliti ekhethekile sivela endaweni yesimila. Ungasebenzisa indlela endoscopic. Emlonyeni isiguli unikezwa tube ekhethekile mncane.
5. Igazi ukuhlaziywa. It itholwa kusukela ukwanda Oncology ejenti. Nokho, lesi sici kungaba izimpawu ezinye izifo.

Uma uthola uphethwe umdlavuza cell biopsy kuqinisekisiwe. Nokho, ukuze sithole isigaba sesifo zidinga ukusihlola: esifubeni-X-ray, ultrasound luhlolo kwesibindi.

ukuphathwa isifo

Lesi sifo phakathi izigaba nzima kakhulu of Oncology. Kuze kube namuhla, odokotela abakwazi ukuphendula ngokucacile ukuthi ungawukhipha kanjani ukwelapha kwamanyikwe. Ubunzima elihlobene ne ezigulini esezikhulile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezihlukahlukene nezifo ezingena ngentuba. Esinye isici ukuthi inkimbinkimbi ekwelapheni, kuba incazelo sifo ezigabeni kamuva, lapho isimila kuthinta izitho eduze.

Le nqubo yokwelapha main - kuyinto ukuhlinza kwamanyikwe. Imiphumela sokungenela kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi, eyisikhulu phakathi okuyinto esigabeni sesifo.

Sebenzisa, kuye ngokuthi ubufakazi, kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa:

• ukuhlinzwa okuthuthukisa;
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe;
• ngelashwa nangemithi.

ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa

Ngu msebenzi kwakusho inqubo Will sika. Isiguli kususa ingxenye wendlala equkethe yesimila. Ngaphezu kwalokho ke is phansi okufanayo inqubo ingxenye esiswini, duodenum, nenyongo sesinye, izindlala zamanzi, okuyinto etholakala eduze amanyikwe.

Isidingo ukususa imizimba eminingi kangaka ngenxa indawo yokwakheka indlala ngokwawo. Kwamanyikwe kuyinto eduze eduze ezicutshini oshiwo ngenhla. Kule ndaba, isimila ukuthi ibhebhetheka ngokushesha okukhulu kwezitho eduze. ukususwa yabo ikuvumela ukuba ayeke ekwandeni kwezifo.

Ngeshwa,% 10-25 kuphela umdlavuza iziguli ku Kunconywa operation amanyikwe. Imiphumela ukuhlinzwa alubuqedi yangenyama.

Kulesi izibalo kunikeza idatha elandelayo uma kuziwa iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "umdlavuza pancreatic":

1. Ngaphandle ukuhlinzwa ubude bempilo isiguli isilinganiso imayelana 6 izinyanga.
2. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, inkathi inyuka, kuye ngokuthi isiphi isigaba lesi sifo, kuze iminyaka 1.5-2.

ukuhlinzwa okuthuthukisa

Bavumela ukuthi:

• ngcono izinga lempilo;
• uyoqeda ubuhlungu ukungakhululeki;
• ukulwa ne-jaundice obstructive;
• ukubuyisela patency we duodenum.

Kukhona izindlela eziningana ukuze ukuhlinzwa okuthuthukisa kwenziwe. isimila pancreatic, ngeshwa, singasuki kinid. Nokho, izinga lempilo sesingconywana.

Izindlela eziyinhloko:

1. stenting endoscopic. Igebe ayisesemikhulu imbobo wasungula tube noma ngocingo uzimele. Welulela inyongo indlela. uyalulama Ngakho ukugeleza ukusebenza. Bile ukuboniswa ngokukhululekile.
2. ukufakwa Amanzi. Okusho ukusebenza iyafana kulowo odlule. patency kuphela Bile is awabuyiswanga, futhi lingashajwa ngaphandle - esikhwameni eziklanyelwe.

Yilwa ubuhlungu analgesics ukuvumela. Nge ukungakhululeki eqinile isiguli esimisiwe analgesics kwezidakamizwa:

• "Promedol".
• "Morphine".
• "Omnopon".

zokwelapha ongumphelelisi

Ukuze ulwe pancreatic Oncology isiguli singenakukwazi aphathe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ukwelashwa ngemisebe:

• emisebeni bremsstrahlung;
• ezikude gamma-therapy;
• ngemisebe ngu-electron okusheshayo.

ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungenzeka kwenziwe ngaphambi, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi esikhundleni. Isikhathi ukuphila lesiguli izinyanga 12-13. Uma imishanguzo ngemisebe is kuhlangene operation okuthuthukisa, nempilo okuyisilinganiso sabangu-izinyanga mayelana 16.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa isetshenziswa lapho akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuqhuba nokunye ukwelapha noma ukuthuthukisa umphumela ukwelashwa luyaphumelela. Ngeshwa, indlela enjalo ivumela ukufeza ekuhlehleni ngokwengxenye kuphela neoplasm.

zokugula umhlahlo

Ngo iningi amacala okutholakala ukuthi banesifo sochoko e Usuqhubekile. Isiguli sinelungelo ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo avele izifo ezifana isimila pancreatic. Izibikezelo lesi sifo okungekuhle.

Iziguli ngingofayo kusukela ukudakwa esikhula ngokushesha, cachexia, isimiso emathunjini, jaundice kanye nenombolo ye nezinye izinkinga.

Ukulandela kokuhlinzwa, oneminyaka emihlanu isilinganiso lokusinda iziguli (njengoba kufakazelwa abalobi abahlukahlukene) kuyinto 8-35%.

zokugula Prevention

Indlela ukwelapha kwamanyikwe in Oncology? Ngeshwa, kunzima ngempela. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi akwenzeki. Yingakho yonke imizamo kufanele kube ukugwema lesi sifo.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, ulalele ziqondiso ezilula:

1. Yeka ukubhema.
2. Sungula yokudla efanele.
3. Ukuphungula imiphumela deleterious imvelo (asbestos uthuli).
4. izifo Esifike Ngesikhathi uswidi: pancreatitis, isifo sikashukela.
5. Ehlelekile ibhekane zokuvimbela uyohlolwa, ikakhulukazi khona izinhlumba, umlando womndeni.

Ungawaniki ithuba ukuthuthukisa izifo emzimbeni wakho. Hlala uphilile!