Umdlavuza wamaphaphu cecum: izimpawu, izimbangela, izigaba

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu cecum - kuyinto umdlavuza ezenzeka 11% wabantu. Kule ngxenye emathunjini ngokuvamile babonakala imvelo ingozi yesimila, futhi ngezinye izikhathi behamba siguqulelwa ebulalayo.

izizathu

Okwamanje, odokotela baye okwamanje watadisha umdlavuza cecum kuze kube sekupheleni, + ngakho izizathu eyaziwa eseduze kuphela.

Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Neoplasms imvelo ingozi nesibulalayo.
• Izifo wokugaya ukudla (polyp, izilonda emathunjini, njll).
• Amandla ukusetshenziswa ezilwane kanye carbohydrate elicwengiweyo inqwaba.
• Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba.
• Ufuzo.
• Ubudala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-48.
• Ukubhema ugwayi.
• Ukuba khona papilloma uhlobo 16.
• ukusetshenziswa njalo utshwala.
• nokucindezeleka okungokomzwelo njalo.
• ukusetshenziswa Long izidakamizwa.
• Jobe Production usebenzisa izinto ezilimazayo.
• izinqubo umzimba ezenzeka emzimbeni ebukhoneni ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela.

ekudleni, okuyinto ayiqukethe isamba elanele izithelo nokusanhlamvu, kakhulu ngokweqile ipheshana wokugaya ukudla. Uma umzimba womuntu engakutholi lemali edingekayo fibre, inqubo ukuvutshelwa iqala. Ngenxa yale nqubo iqala odala izakhi ezibanga umdlavuza ezibangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni.

Izejwayezi ezimbi ukuphazamisa evamile kwegazi futhi inqaba umsebenzi semithambo uhlelo.

ukuphila umzimba kuholela yokujama tsi kanye ukunqwabelana njalo indle. Lokhu kuphazamisa umsebenzi emathunjini bese kunciphisa ukumuncwa ezindongeni esiswini izakhi ewusizo.

Ufuzo kwandisa ingozi yokungenwa yilesi sifo ngo-34%.

izimpawu

Izimpawu umdlavuza cecal:

• Igazi isikhwehlela e kwesihlalo.
• Ukungakhululeki kanye nobuhlungu esiswini, okuyinto zinganikwa ku flank kwesokudla.
• ubuthakathaka unomphela.
• Ukukhathala.
• Ukungakuthandi ukudla.
• Yokujama tsi of indle.
• Iphunga indle sikhula futhi singathandeki.
• Uyehla mode yangasese ukuvakashelwa.
• Livela ebangela ukopha.
• Sinzima kwesisindo.
• Ukwanda nezinga lokushisa komzimba.
• Isicanucanu.
• Ukuvuvukala.
• Ubuhlungu esiswini ephansi.

Lesi sifo somdlavuza we cecum, izimpawu zazo echazwe ngenhla, kunzima ukuba uphawule. Uma ubona ngisho nesisodwa isibonakaliso ukubona udokotela.

Esikhathini isithombe ungabona cecum.

isifo esiteji

Odokotela isehlane 5 izigaba umdlavuza cecal.

• Zero esiteji. Ithumba encane. Ehlabeke umxhwele izingqimba engenhla kuphela odongeni colonic. Lymph node engabathinti, akukho metastases.

• Isigaba sokuqala. Isimila elangena ku ungqimba izindonga ikholoni wesibili nowesithathu. Lymph node engabathinti, metastases ezikude kungukuthi sitholakale.

• Eyesibili esiteji. Isimila kumiswa umonakalo ngokuphelele ikholoni udonga futhi lingena phesheya. Lymph node engabathinti, akukho metastases.

• Isigaba sesithathu. umonakalo umdlavuza izitho eduze nezicubu. Eqoshiwe umonakalo lymph node, futhi Ukudlulela akunqunywa.

• 4 cecal umdlavuza esiteji. Izicubu kanye nezinhlaka iyathinteka imfundo. Lymph node zilimele, kukhona metastases.

Ukwahlukaniswa izifo

ngezigaba histological subdivides umdlavuza cecum ku lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Adenocarcinoma.
• Cricoid.
• Undifferentiated.
• Hhayi oluthathwa.
• Squamous.
• Squamous-ayoni.

umdlavuza awukudla Oncologist we cecum.

sitholakele isifo

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu odokotela cecum ukukhomba izindlela ezahlukene.

Okokuqala kuzala palpation, auscultation kanye eshaywayo. Lezi zindlela uvumele ukucacisa indawo isimila, isimo, khona uketshezi ingaphakathi (besisu) kanye nokuba khona imisindo ukuthi zenzeka lapho sibambekile patency yaleli pheshana emathunjini.

Okwesibili esetshenziswa sigmoidoscopy, barium yombala enema futhi colonoscopy. Ngakho, odokotela kuhlolwe ngamehlo, ucacise usayizi izimila kanye nendawo indawo yayo.

Endaweni yesithathu ezinqunyiwe ultrasound futhi CT. Bavumela ukuba uhlaziye ukusabalala kwe-isimila.

Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye zonke izindlela odokotela bayokwazi ukubona isithombe esiphelele isifo. Ngokusho imiphumela bayakunikhaphela emiphakathini i ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe.

ukuphathwa isifo

Uma udokotela uqinisekisile komdlavuza of the cecum, impatho iqala ngokushesha.

Kukhona izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko yokwelashwa.

1. indlela yokusebenza (kuhlinzwa). Ingabe ukwelapha main, esetshenziselwa ngasiphi nesigaba lesi sifo. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa kususa kumiswa abulalayo uhlobo okokunameka anastomosis. indlela Olubanzi kuhlinzwa kuxhomeke endleleni isifo sandile.
2. emisebeni yokwelapha indlela. Isetshenziselwa ngaphambi kokuba uhlinzwe ukunciphisa isimila nezicubu. Futhi, ngemva kokuhlinzwa kusiza ekuvimbeleni kabusha ukukhula. Le ndlela has izigameko ezingezinhle ezavela, zivela ngesimo sezinyawo sezingubo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye ukubukeka egazini sezinyawo ne isikhwehlela.
3. ngelashwa nangemithi indlela. Le ndlela isetshenziswa njengoba monotherapy futhi lihambisana ejenti amaningi. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa, "Fluorouracil" ne-calcium folinate noma "Fluorouracil" futhi "Mitomycin".

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abeke dlula. Isetshenziselwa uma kungekho ithuba lokususa kwezicubu isimila ezonini kungathintekanga. Anastomosis is okungcono asetshenziswe izigaba lokugcina isifo. Umthamo ukuhlinzwa kwandisa lapho kumiswa ifomu abulalayo kudlulela eduze ezicutshini futhi izitho. Futhi, isetshenziswa izilonda-lymph.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

Uma impatho Kwenziwa ngesikhathi zero esiteji futhi ngempumelelo, ukusinda target odokotela kuyinto 95%. Ngenxa unezimpawu ezikahle ukuxilonga isifo kungenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Lapho ukwelashwa sekudlulile wenziwa esigabeni sokuqala, onalesi sifo kuyinto 91%. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuthinte ungqimba esiswini sesibili nesesithathu.

Uma impatho wenziwa esigabeni sesibili, izinga lokusinda zokhahlamba kusuka 70 kuya 82%. It kuncike ngokujulile indlela isimila lachuma kule nezicubu eziseduze.

Ukwelapha esinyathelweni sesithathu kuqinisekisa sokusinda nibekezele% 42-63 kuphela. Lezi zinombolo zincike izitho ezilimele kabi kanjani eduze unesimila nokuthi ngabe-lymph kuthinteka.

Ukwelashwa olokugcina (lesine) esiteji kuqinisekisa sokusinda% 6-10 kuphela engaphezu kwengu-6-7 emva kokwelashwa.

Lezi zinombolo zazitholakala phakathi nesifundo.

zokuvimbela

Ukuvimbela isifo, kudingeka ulandele izimiso ezimbalwa ezilula:

• Gwema izimo ezibangela ukucindezeleka.
• Yidla olinganiselayo.
• Lahla imikhuba emibi.
• Move more futhi umsebenzi.
• Unake isimo sempilo.

Uma kukhona isici lezinceku ke vakashela njalo udokotela futhi uyohlola. Ngakho, ukubukeka izifo ezifana nomdlavuza cecum, esigabeni sokuqala noma uziro abanikezwanga ithuba lokuziphendulela abalulekile ukuze uphile ukuphila okugculisayo kungaphansi eminye kuya ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi.

Uma uzithola izimpawu umdlavuza cecal ke afune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngakho, lapho uphethwe kuqinisekisiwe, uzokwazi ukuqala ukwelashwa, futhi kuyomelwe namathuba angcono okululama.