"Umgwaqo wokuphila" (Museum). Kwakhiwe isakhiwo sokulondoloza amagugu elalinikezelwe ubuqhawe lamasosha Leningrad Navy

isikhathi Eminye ushiye izenzakalo abesabekayo seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Iminyaka Engu kungaqedwa nofakazi bokuzibonela. Ziba kancane offensively. Akakude isikhathi lapho kungekho omunye ubenganginathisa izimbali Suku Victory futhi ukuzwakalisa ukwazisa kwami okuqotho kokuthi ilondolozwe lizwe, siye ngasinda waphunyuka ngalobo busuku. Ayikwazanga ngekhanda ngezigameko zemihla lempi futhi wabelane nezingane nabazukulu bakho.

inkumbulo Human buhlala, kokushiya ukuphila Veterans, futhi nabo bonke enkathini. Siyabonga abathanda, ososayensi nabantu nje ngabandayo ulwazi oluqoqwe bit by bit futhi agcinwe amahholo embukisweni, isitoreji izikhungo kanye nezikhumbuzo.

Phakathi ezihlukahlukene kubo eceleni ungabahlukanisa iminyuziyamu kweLeningrad esifundeni. Iningi labo abazinikele ukumelana nesibindi lamasosha nezakhamuzi ababemelene nesitha nemibandela bahlukaniswe ngokuphelele esuka ezwekazini.

Isikhathi eside impela eLeningrad Road of Life

amabutho aseJalimane ngokushesha lakhiwa okuhlaselayo yabo futhi wafohla kuya emadolobheni amakhulu wase-USSR. Leningrad - idolobha, okuyinto kusukela yaqala akukaze ezathathwa isitha. amasosha aseSoviet nezakhamuzi asekelwe isiko ekhazimulayo, kabavumelanga abahlaseli e imikhawulo edolobheni.

On the izindlela bekulokhu ngezihluthu, futhi ekuqaleni kuka-September 1941 amabutho aseJalimane bakwazi ukuvala indandatho futhi ngaleyo ndlela lishiya umuzi ngaphandle izimpahla nosizo ngaphandle.

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezine, ogwini lweLake Ladoga, endaweni Osinovtsa eboshelwe imikhumbi ukudla kanye nezinhlamvu ukuze Leningrad ovinjezelwe. Ngo sokuthula, lokhu bay sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi langakufanelekela navigation. Amatilosi kwakhiwa Ladoga weqembu lemikhumbi maneuverability wenza izimangaliso. Izinguquko ku echibini ashiwo cishe engapheli isitha umlilo kusuka emhlabathini futhi emoyeni.

City babedinga kakhulu ukudla, amagobolondo, cartridges, ukuze baqhubeke nokulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka ukuba babaleke abavamile bese ugcine amagugu zomlando. Imikhumbi kanye izikebhe eseqedile athula ke egcwele futhi wahamba emuva ezwekazini.

On share Osinovezckiy berths sengonyama of zonke izimpahla, ngovela eLeningrad phakathi nokuvinjelwa. Izinkulungwane zabantu ziye ukulondolozwa sibonga ubuqhawe amatilosi. Akumangalisi-ke ukuthi Museum-lesikhumbuzo "Road of Life" yadalwa lapha.

History of the Museum

Ugu Echibi Ladoga endaweni kungokwalabo eMnyango Wezokuvikela. Ngakho-ke, ngo-November 1968, i-isinyathelo we webutho Navy wakhipha umyalelo wokuba ukusungula legatsha Osinovtse TSVMM "Umgwaqo wokuphila."

Umnyuziyamu uye eqoqwe ziphephile eliyingqayizivele futhi imibhalo efakazela Isibindi nobuqotho babo ubuqhawe of labo abalwela inkululeko phakathi kwababusi Leningrad Fleet, ukuvikela umuzi ababehlala kuwo.

Ukuvulwa is kuphelelwe kuya 31 iminyaka engu-th kuvulwa umzila amanzi eLake Ladoga. Iminyaka engamashumi amane nantathu khona, umnyuziyamu yayithatha kwesigidi izivakashi. Ngisho ngesikhathi kuwa leli zwe futhi ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo imali, engayeki ukuthola izivakashi.

Esichasiselweni Museum

I amahholo ezincane ezinhlanu Museum indawo eseduze kwechibi iqukethe mayelana kane ziphephile kweMpi Yezwe II.

Into yokuqala ukuthi uyakhonza isivakashi ngamunye emnyango kuya ensimini - insika esiyisikhumbuzo ne inombolo 45. Akusikho lutho kodwa isikhumbuzo "endleleni yokuphila." Uqinisile ukuma endleleni esuka echibini ukuze edolobheni, kuphela izinombolo ezahlukene zonke.

Phakathi izinto eziqoqiwe ezindaweni ingaphakathi yilezi:

• Isikhali WWII.
• Inkulumo-ze amaphosta of the-yalolucwaningo 40 XX leminyaka.
• Imidwebo abaculi Soviet, kunikelwe ngayo kwabanye Museum.
• Amafulegi kanye pennants ezinqala Ladoga division.
• iyunifomu kweSoviet futhi indondo WWII.
• igama Document.
• Amaphephandaba kanye ukulwa amapheshana, izithombe.
• izimpahla zabo sezikhonzi kanye amatilosi.
• Amakhadi ekudleni eLeningrad wavinjezelwa.

embukisweni ongaphandle kuhlanganisa:

• Izikhali ezifana anti-aircraft izibhamu, izinsalela umkhumbi ukulwa izibhamu nezibhamu asolwandle.
• WWII imishini - izikebhe, imikhumbi, nethonya-ithenda pontoon, izindiza, amaloli, amabhasi kanye nezinye.
• Nezikhumbuzo nokungcwaba.

Labo ephethwe ukuvakashela lezo zindawo ukuthi umkhathi nemibukiso afakwa emkhathini ngalezo zinsuku.

Kanjani ukuze uthole

Ngenhla kwalotshwa ukuthi kukhona Museum, "Umgwaqo wokuphila" edolobhaneni Osinovets Vsevolozhsk wesifunda. Kusukela Petersburg it is ahlukaniswe 45 km. Kuyinto lesi sibalo livela ku yinsika emnyango.

Vula emphakathini unyaka wonke, ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko ngoLwesithathu, kusukela 10 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama. Zokungena, indawo kanye izithombe kuze muva kwaba impela ezingabizi. Wamukelwa Iminikelo yokuzithandela nosizo kungenzeka ukuvuselelwa ziphephile futhi okuqukethwe isakhiwo.

Siyoba yini zolimo emva September 8, 2015 ayikaziwa.

Ukuze ngifike kuleyo Museum ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. On isitimela kagesi, okuyinto isuka laseFinland Station Petersburg. Uye esiteshini ukuphela "Ladoga". Kusukela isakhiwo esiteshini, nakho iphrezenthe setfulo, omunye kalula ufika Museum, "Umgwaqo wokuphila." Ikheli ukutshela noma imuphi umhlali wendawo.
2. Ngemoto noma bhasi ngemgwaco maqondana emzini Vsevolozhsk. Lokhu nomlenze Uhambo olusuka Petersburg ukuba Osinovtsa kufakwe "Green Belt Inkazimulo".

Ngemgwaco kukhona zonke izinsika efanayo ekhumbulekayo nge ikhilomitha izimpawu futhi kukhona ezikhumbuzo eliyingqayizivele futhi amathuna labo abanikela ngokwabo ngenxa uzowanqoba isitha futhi isibhakabhaka obunokuthula ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezizayo.

Station "Ladoga" kanye Osinovets emzaneni

Kuyasiza ubhale amagama ambalwa ngezincomo mayelana nalezo zindawo lapho Museum "Indlela Yokuphila" itholakala. Leningrad ibalazwe esifundeni kungcono nje iphuzu elincane, kodwa wabantu bazo labo bona ngokwabo baphila ngokusebenzisa ukuvinjelwa kanye nabathandekayo babo - imizana ophambili.

Station "Ladoga" uyisiphetho owodwa ithrekhi. Phakathi nempi, kulapha ukuthumela ingxenye enkulu izimpahla ukufika bavela ezwekazini phezu kolwandle, ukuze izakhamuzi ezivinjezelwe Leningrad.

Imemori lezo zenzakalo eningizimu isakhiwo esiteshini kumi esitimela ibithwele othwala izimpahla nokuvinjelwa. Izakhiwo esiteshini kukhona legatsha le-Okthoba ujantshi Museum nge nemibukiso elalinikezelwe ujantshi WWII.

Osinovets elula emzaneni ugu loLwandle Lake Ladoga. Uma kwaba thinly enabantu, futhi manje yena bakhiwe nabo Cottages entsha futhi intandokazi iholidi hhayi kuphela izakhamuzi zendawo. Eza lapha ukhathele okumatasa abantu edolobheni, uthole umoya opholile, ukubhukuda, udle ezazisanda kubanjwa echibini bese ngibhema izinhlanzi.

Edolobhaneni ezimbili ezikhangayo - Museum and yesibani. Isiphetho ngamunye kudingeka atshele ngaphandle.

Lighthouse ku echibini

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-XX leminyaka kwi yesibani izimpawulo yayakhiwe amamitha angaphezu kuka-70 ukuphakama. Uhlolojikelele kusukela uqimba phezulu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izulu lihle okuvulela amakhilomitha 50, futhi ugongolo uxwayisa imikhumbi esondela ogwini lwaseNgilandi olungaseningizimu 22 nautical miles.

Lapha, konke licwiliswa umoya izikhathi kweMpi Yezwe II, nayo iyathinteka kulokhu - Cape Osinovets. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe "The Road of Life 'futhi lighthouse, eqinisweni, bakha yisikhungo esisodwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa koqweqwe odongeni ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu isignali umbhoshongo.

Kwenzeka isimanga, lesi yesibani namanje empeleni, futhi lo Superintendent nsuku kuyalinqoba izinyathelo 366 phezulu naphansi esilinganayo. Ngenkathi Ukuqondiswa kwemikhumbi, kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni ebusika, lighthouse njalo ngemizuzwana 4 ithumela ugodo ukukhanya maqondana echibini. Futhi isetshenziswa njengendlela opharetha mobile insika.

Esikhathini offseason, lighthouse emhlabeni buthule, ungezwa ivunguze, uphayini, ashaya amagagasi, iqhwa crunches acekelwa phansi. Ehlobo indawo isikhungo ukuzilibazisa lapha ngokugcwele ukuphila, kwabadobi abaningi futhi abathandi fresh izinhlanzi ezomisiwe. Futhi-ke, sifuna enyuka kulezi zindawo ezidumile emnyuziyamu.

umlando Museum kwakamuva

Ngemva kokuwa eU.SSR Leningrad - umuzi emlandweni wasendulo - ngasibuyisela igama layo osekukade - Petersburg. Ibuyisa amagama endala ezitaladini nemizana. Azikho izimpawu ukuthi iningi izinto emkhakheni isiko nomlando oluyosala ngaphandle ngezimali.

Ngathinteka futhi igatsha Osinovtse. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, uxhaso lancipha, nokuthi Museum liye lasinda, kuba a intela nendoda ekahle, njengomngane wangempela. usosayensi-mlando Aleksandra Voytsehovskogo, owakhonza iminyaka eminingi ephethwe egatsheni.

Kwakuba nezikhathi lapho Museum wasala engasenabo ugesi kanye bafudumale. Abasebenzi lancipha oyedwa. Kodwa ngisho nalokhu akuzange kuvimbele uhlele uhambo ngokuhlola, rarities sokubuyiselwa, hambo.

A umnikelo ezinkulu kusukela abathanda kanye nezingqalabutho ukuvinjelwa. Kubo, lesi isiqephu sezwe akuyona indawo elula, futhi "Road of Life". Museum waqhubeka nomsebenzi walo owayebonakala emkhulu kuphambene ngokoqobo, ogcina emahlombe ethambile kodwa eqinile asebekhulile.

samanje

Kuze kube muva nje, isimo yezindaba azishintshile. Abasebenzi elwa okusinda, futhi aqhubeka ebhala izinhlamvu izikhalazo ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.

Ngiyathokoza ukuthi izicelo zabo yezwakala futhi ngo-2015 i-iminyaka engu-70 Ukunqoba Omkhulu wathola imali kabusha yisikhumbuzo "Umgwaqo wokuphila." Museum yavalwa ngoMashi, ukuze uthathe izivakashi iholide.

amasonto ayisithupha kuningi osekwenziwe. Yakha elinye zokwakha nemibukiso ukuthi bengaphandle. Ekugcineni, izisebenzi kwakukhona amakamelo kanye ikamelo lengqungquthela yangempela.

Ukuziqhenya wangempela abasebenzi Museum waqala ukubuyiselwa osekukade nethonya "Izhorets-8", okuyinto wathatha izikhathi ezingenakubalwa endleleni eya Lake Ladoga. Wayelethwa edonsa izikebhe ukudla ngaphesheya Lake Ladoga, bamphuthumisa emuva mpahla eyigugu - abantu Leningrad ovinjezelwe.

Ipulani esizayo

Ngemva ekugubheni Ukunqoba Museum kuzovala ngaphambi ekuqaleni September. Izinguquko kuhlelwe ezinkulu. Ngo-2015 njengoba kubungazwa iminyaka engu-74 kusukela osukwini kwakukhona "Indlela Yokuphila". Museum, ogama mbukiso ngokuphelele ezinikele izenzakalo sad, wamukela lokuzalwa yesibili.

Esikhundleni indlu ethokomele kancane lokhuni kuyoba isakhiwo yesimanje, sifana block omkhulu kweqhwa. Kukhona namakamelo abanzi, izakhiwo zesimanje. Yiqiniso, zikhona abantu abadala ukwakha ngaphezulu ngendlela ethandwa nguye, kodwa izingane zanamuhla futhi ushintsho intsha kuzokujabulisa kakhulu.

Ekugcineni, itshe uzonyamalala nesithembiso ukumisa isikhumbuzo, kodwa kunalokho livela etsheni lesikhumbuzo ukuze amamitha nesikhombisa ukuphakama. Ukwakheka izibalo ezinhlanu ngeke ikhuphuka ngenhla echibini surface bushelelezi futhi uzonikhumbuza inzalo yalabo ababamba iqhaza ukusindisa edolobheni lakubo. Alley okuholela lesikhumbuzo, ukuhlobisa izigaxa efana izigaxa iqhwa. Basuke liqoshwe amagama wonke amaqhawe "Road of Life".

Zonke ziphephile ebaluleke kunayo imishini nezikhali ukuthi bayavuswa kusuka phansi Lake Ladoga, liyobuyiselwa wabekwa emadokodweni enompheme.

izinguquko ezinkulu eyenzeke empilweni legatsha Osinovezckiy. Kwethenjwa ukuthi konke kuhamba ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Uma "umgwaqo wokuphila" ngomqondo ogcwele ukulondolozwa edolobheni futhi abantu abahlala kuwo. Manje yisikhathi sokuba sibuyele izikweletu.

Ngithanda ukubona lonke iminyuziyamu kweLeningrad esifundeni abaye baphila, yathuthukiswa, olusha nge nemibukiso entsha bese emahholo abayekanga izwi mhlahlandlela. Abantu abaphila ngesikhathi impi, gone, kodwa ukukhunjulwa kwabo, futhi izenzakalo sikhathi ukuphila.