UPetru No-Paul Cathedral, Kazan. UPetru No-Paul Cathedral: Indaba nezithombe

NokuBusa Kazan ... Beautiful, ocebile futhi ukubekezela ... Uphawu we wesibili, mhlawumbe, ethempelini abavela kuzo zonke izinkolo, okuyinto, ngokuqinisekile, ayikwazanga avele yimuphi omunye ndawo. Isikhombi esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo, okuyikhona Kazan ababhishobhi, izithombe eziningi kubo baseRussia uzazi kahle kakhulu eyakhelwe lapha ikakhulukazi maphakathi zomlando zomuzi.

pearl Orthodox

Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-uPetru noPawulu Cathedral. Kazan ngokuqinisekile has a lot of uhlamvu, kodwa lokhu lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kuyinto "ibhizinesi khadi" yalo engokomoya. Yakhelwe entabeni, a ngokubabazekayo futhi enhle ngendlela ekhethekile, leli thempeli has a umhlobiso esiyingqayizivele.

UPetru No-Paul Cathedral (Kazan) okungijabulisile ochwepheshe hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi izimenywa yaseTatarstan dolobha. It wavakashelwa ababusi cishe zonke Russian futhi empresses, abaningi isimo noma abaqavile emphakathini. Phakathi kwezindonga zayo kwakukhona Pushkin, Alexander von Humboldt, ngisho Aleksandr Dyuma. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe kulo muzi ngokuvamile sung at inkonzo F. Chaliapin.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi uPetru noPawulu Cathedral (Kazan) kuyinto evamile lesifunda esontweni. Futhi yayakhiwe esizeni igama elifanayo itholakala lapha amasonto wasendulo, kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala okwenzeka 1565, unyaka. A asibonisa yesonto wayengomunye walaba abathengisi ngobukhulu bendawo Ivan Afanasievich Mikhlyaev. indlu yakhe wawusegunjini ngqo eduze sesonto. Sakhiwo namuhla, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kwaba kabusha kakhulu, sasinda futhi itholakala egcekeni abode ezingokomoya.

incazelo

Ekuqaleni, indlela eyinhloko ukuze ithempeli seliphelile we Spasskaya Tower. Kungenxa yokuthi icala langasentla loba ngamawaka kwakuhlelwe umakhi njengoba ingosi main: ngaye esitezi sesibili, e Chapel of St uPetru noPawulu, ephakanyiswe phambi ezitebhisini ngqo. Kwakuthinta ngomlilo e 1815, kodwa engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili kamuva ekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye lavuselelwa. Ukuze kwesokunxele izitebhisi kuyinto indlwana egameni NESIHLAHLA ESIRUTHE, okuyinto kuze 1848 lalibhekwa njengendawo ozinikele St Christmas. Ioanna Predtechi. Esitezi sesibili kukhona "Okuphila Spring" umphelelisi futhi kuthuthukise ukuphakama futhi umthamo wethempeli. Ngenhla cornice we octagon ku uPetru noPawulu Cathedral kunokuba senze ngendlela evamile itshe Awe-Pommel sici bese Baroque - engasindi ngehele kokuzihlanganisa.

On ngasenyakatho nasentshonalanga izinhlangothi lombhishobhi ozungezayo gallery evulekile. Uvula ohlangothini eningizimu endlini ephansi - Isethulo leNkosi. Ezingeni imihlobiso yayo multi anemibala itshe kuthiwa kwahambisana ithephu ngesineke tile.

indaba

Imilando Yobukhosi Bamuva uPetru noPawulu Cathedral is ngqo exhumene ne igama Petru mina, owayevakashela Kazan e 1722-m, lapho ushona umkhankaso WasePheresiya. UMbusi imise yomthengisi UMuphi Ivan Mikhlyaev. Phakathi nokuhlala kwakhe khona emzini, uPetru yayigubha iminyaka engu yesihlanu. Ngo inkumbulo lokhu, futhi ukubonga kombusi, owamnika ubunikazi embuso ukulahlekelwa wokwenza indwangu kwemboni, futhi banquma ukwakha Mikhlyaev uPetru noPawulu Cathedral, isithombe esibonisa lisebukhazikhazini balo. Ithempeli lakhiwa igama Saints uPetru noPawulu, futhi kwakuyinto eyayiqala ngqá lonke ukuphakama iVolga okunethezeka.

Uhlelo Lokufaka Lwe-

UPetru noPawulu Cathedral isitayela okuthiwa "Naryshkin" noma isiRashiya, Baroque, okuyinto yayidumile kuleli zwe ngasekupheleni kwawo-nesikhombisa - emakhulwini okuqala eminyaka nesishiyagalombili. Ohlukile lombhishobhi unika ngokuyinhloko inala phambi izingxenye kweziningi ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla, kanye Umbala yabo egqamile. Nokho, ngeshwa, amagama umakhi nabakhi bezindonga kuleli thempeli elingokomoya alwaziwa.

Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi bakuthola ezifuze Decor yayo nge umhlobiso zokuhlobisa yesonto, ezakhiwa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili ku Ukraine. Mhlawumbe uPetru noPawulu Cathedral (Kazan) empeleni lakhiwa Little abaseRussia, nakuba neze ikhophi isitayela esithile. Okuningi bokwakha yakhe kanye nomklamo uhlukile, futhi umphumela sokuchema, ngaphandle indlela ethile.

umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha

Okufanela mkhulu iqiniso lokuthi lokhu lombhishobhi e Kazan wahlala namanje fanele hhayi kuphela abakhi, kodwa futhi abefundisi bendawo namalunga, owakhonza lapha esikhathini sakamuva. Iqiniso liwukuthi phakathi nomlando wayo omuhle eside, isakhiwo ngokuphindiwe sezithotshiselwe phansi ezicekeleké. Futhi okokuqala kwezithelo zonke iphutha imililo eminingi ezaziyincithakalo okungenani ezinhlanu.

Ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu uPetru noPawulu Cathedral (Kazan) e 1815, lapho ngenxa ukubhujiswa okunamandla izakhiwo parish zaba okuningi njengoba eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye ukuthuthela esontweni eliseduze Gostinnodvorskuyu. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwaqhubeka ukwakhiwa kabusha enkulu sethempeli senziwa. It eyenziwa ngezithukuthuku abadala thempeli wendawo umthengisi - Umkhulu wemithi abavelele Aleksandra Zaytseva.

Kodwa ngo-1880, isonto elithile, okuningi agugile, lalibonakala lifiphele kakhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko kwaba ukubhujiswa isisekelo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngisho loll waba umbhoshongo isikhencezo Cathedral SS uPetru noPawulu, sasingasakwazi yasekuqaleni ukubukeka kanye lokubhalela izakhi. Warden lombhishobhi ihlelwe omunye umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo ezinkulu, umtlamo elalingelamaFilisti umakhi Litvinov - kumbhali Kazan University. Wakwazi ngokuvumelana imidwebo kanye nemidwebo enemininingwane ukubuyisela ukubukeka yokuqala isakhiwo. Phakathi nokwakha kabusha adiliza kanye kabusha Wakha amathempeli pridelnyh nompheme abuyiselwe stucco ezehlukile mbumbulu. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi umbhoshongo isikhencezo Cathedral uPetru noPawulu yaceba by odumile master iwashi Klimov.

emva kwempi

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, St uPetru noPawulu Cathedral (Kazan) liqhubekile kuze 1939. Futhi ngisho nangemva kokuvalwa ezihlukile kwezisemthethweni lesikhumbuzo yalo yayenziwe ivikelwe isimo. Kusukela ngo-1950, iminyaka engamashumi amathathu-ke kwaku izinkanyezi wendawo. Kodwa sibonga ngesicelo uMbhishobhi Kazan nomshikashika umsebenzi esikhulu sabakholwayo, isonto wabuya esontweni.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu ekukhulekeleni ethempelini wayengekho, it is kahle walondoloza lasendulo eziyisikhombisa abaphuma iconostasis kunemivuzo ahlotshiswe isitayela baraque Russian.

amathempelana

Omunye ohlonishwayo kakhulu yiwona izinsalela St Nectarios noJona Kazan. Kwakumelwe ubaba nendodana. Izwe boyars Nestor noJohane Zastolskie iwumsizi uMbhishobhi Gury - yokuqala ngqá yaseKazan saint. Lapho wathunyelwa bhishobhi asanda kusungulwa Kazan, naye gone, noJohane Zastolsky. Ngaphansi ukunakekelwa obungokomoya balabo saint, waqala ukuphila ukuphila enobuhle futhi zenzisa kakhulu. Ngokusho imithetho kaNkulunkulu, futhi wenza indodana yakhe, Nestor. Nge kwemvume kayise wale nsizwa wathatha izithembiso zakhe Izigodlo. Wafa esemncane.

Isithombe ngokuyisimangaliso

UPetru No-Paul Cathedral, nesithombe ibona bonke abeza Kazan, isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso UnguNina KaNkulunkulu Sedmiozernoy ngocansi kuye ngabasebenzi Church of Yaroslavl isimangaliso. Kulapho yena wagcinwa iminyaka eminingi, ukulondolozwa Hieroschemamonk uSeraphim.

Lokhu esifuze yaletha esuka Ustyug e Kazan Okthoba 13, 1615, unyaka monk Euthymius - umsunguli Sedmiozernoy Bogoroditskaya ehlane. Wabusisa bese ubeka I-Isigodlo esizayo.

Ekhulwini lesikhombisa, isithonjana isibe idume izimangaliso ezinkulu. Lapho 1655-m zineminyaka in esiwumshayabhuqe ezweni safinyelela Kazan, kuba inkathi esifishane umangalele iningi labantu edolobheni. Baningi kakhulu abantu ababulawa ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisihlanu.

Bese enye indela zenzisa embonweni iphupho weza: yena ngiphuphe indoda elikhanyayo owangitshela ukunikeza Kazan izakhamizi ukuba sihlale silukhumbula usuku eziyisikhombisa-yabo ukudla ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi ukubhubhisa umuzi Sedmiozernoy ehlane isithonjana laseTheotokos. Lapho isithombe lamukelwa honours umnyuziki Kazan AmaTatar bese usetha ethempelini, nezifo kuqale ashona.

Zonke labantu Orthodox sabo enkabeni yedolobha bakhangisa bhishobhi lwasendaweni ngokujulile iphakamisa isithonjana kube yilolu suku uthola kusuka Our Lady of usizo kanjani ezikhathini zobunzima futhi izifo ephulukisa. Elondolozwe ku-altare uPetru noPawulu Cathedral Sedmiozernaya shrine umthandazo masonto onke luzakwenziwa inkonzo futhi ukuze yena bangakhulekela kholwa.

namuhla ethempelini

Okwamanje, uPetru noPawulu Cathedral (Kazan), ukuba isimo thempeli, is kufanele kubhekwe omunye izikhungo esibaluleke kunazo zonke ekuphileni okungokomoya Tatar Republic. Lapha sizibophezele hhayi kuphela izimfundiso ababhishobhi ', kodwa futhi ukugujwa Diocesan. Kabili ngesikhathi omlando wanamuhla ngesikhathi evakashele primatial ukuba Kazan bhishobhi, njengoba kwakunjalo ngo-1997 no-2005 ngokulandelana, kuba uPetru noPawulu Cathedral beqhuba izinkonzo Bishop of All Russia Alexy II.