Usimende - material efakazelwe amakhulu eminyaka

Isikhathi esining impela, ngaphansi ezahlukene imisebenzi yokuqedela usebenzisa izinto ezifana Gypsum usimende. Ngisho nabantu kude ukulungisa kanye nomklamo, ukwazi ngaleli gama. Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, kuba impahla ekahle kabusha kanye nokulungiswa kwezakhiwo.

Kakhulu fake kutsho Gypsum usimende akwakhi umehluko phakathi enamathela izindonga ophahleni entsha kanye esidala. Anakho isakhiwo esihle futhi engenzi crack. Ukusebenza ngodaka iqala ngokuxuba ngamanzi. Obuvumelana ngendlela efanele impahla lisanelisa imifantu futhi uthatha uhlobo imininingwane ngisho encane.

Khonka has a isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, ukuze wonke evele ziphathwe le nto, kahle uyakwazi iyavuleka amaza omsindo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukwahlukanisa umsindo egumbini. Umbala omhlophe kwale nto kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle staining eyengeziwe lapho kudingeka ezinengilazi enhle emhlophe.

Kanjani lo yokwakha? Yemvelo Gypsum, kokuba isakhiwo crystalline, iphathwa ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu. Ngakho kukhona ukulahleka ¾ emanzini ezikuyo, futhi aba amaminerali ngokwayo hemihydrate okuyinto, lapho exutshwe namanzi futhi ithola isakhiwo setshe zemvelo. Njengoba kungekho kuka 1% of the Gypsum sengezwe nezinye izinto eziphilayo izinto zemvelo, kuba imvelo ephephile kubantu nasezilwaneni. Lokhu yokwakha Refractories, ngakho linendima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni izakhiwo kusuka umlilo. Ngaphezu kwazo zonke lezi izinto, uyakwazi ukuncela umswakama ngokweqile ezakhiweni phakathi ukukhuliswa yayo uphinde wehlise ukunikeza umswakama ezingeni layo.

Gypsum ukhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana. zokwakha Common esetshenziselwa yokukhiqiza Gypsum eziphathekako Gypsum imikhiqizo, usimende amabhodi, panel kanye ukwahlukanisa amapuleti, Gypsum-lime usimende izixazululo. High Gypsum isikhunta kuveza ngcono ekhethekile mechanical ezivamile impahla ukwakhiwa ngo bazithobisa yona zokuhlanzwa okwengeziwe futhi nepepper. Ngenxa kwenza stucco kanye neminye imikhiqizo zokuhlobisa ngoba Interiors kanye mbumbulu. Usimende ahlukaniswe ngesikhathi sokwelapha yayo: imizuzu 2-15 - kulungiselelwa okusheshayo; imizuzu 6-30 - evamile-kulungiselelwa; engaphezu kuka-20 imizuzu - slow-kulungiselelwa.

Amandla le nto kunqunywa amamaki, okuyizinto ezahlukene ngaphakathi ngamandla alo compressive (F-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 15, 10, 19, 16, 22, 25). Gypsum brand G-10, 16, 15 kubhekwa obumba. Okubalulekile okunjalo kuyinto kakhulu khulula amanyela kanye namandla high.

Lapho asebenta nalelicembu impahla Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokushesha eba yiqhwa, ngakho musa nje ukupheka semali usimende lwenkomo olufakwe amanzi. Inani lamanzi balindzeleke kwekutsi bakhicite ingxube ukungaguquguquki evamile, ngokuvamile 50-80% (umsebenzi wokwakha) kanye 35-45% ngoba ukudalwa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene. amanzi ngokweqile ongahlala ngayo ezimbotsheni okokusebenza lukhuni whereupon it iyasha. Ngenxa yalokho, i-porosity we usimende kuyoba cishe 50-60%. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amanzi kancane esetshenziselwa dilution of Gypsum, le luthe ukuqina kuyoba umkhiqizo wokugcina noma enamathela, kanye enkulu ukuqina yayo. Ukukhulisa noma ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kabi kuthinta amandla impahla eqina. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla of Gypsum usimende ngezinye izikhathi wanezela nalokhu-5% lime slaked.

Ukuze ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha okuthiwa polymer ekhiqizwa Gypsum, okuyinto kalula isetshenziswa umzimba isiguli olimele ngokusebenzisa ibhandishi. It kahle kulandela wabuka futhi ukunwebeka okusezingeni eliphezulu. Le nto has porosity okusezingeni eliphezulu, ngakho-ke isikhumba womuntu uyaqhubeka bakwazi ukuphefumula ngokukhululekile, okuyinto evimbela okuvela ukuluma. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi amabhandeshi sisetshenziswa ukuze iziguli ungenza abanye ukunyakaza. Lokhu kwaziswa kungaphazamisi izinqubo zokwelapha kanye nokusentshenziswa kwe kokuxilongwa-X-ray.