"Voivod" (rocket): izici i missile InterContinental ballistic

"Voivod" - rocket, okubhekisele esindayo ezicitshwayo InterContinental futhi lakhiwe e-Ukraine. Isakhiwo lwenzelwe ukuhlasela izinhlobo ezahlukene okuhloswe, okuyinto zivikelwe izindlela zesimanje missile ukuzivikela, futhi zisetshenziswa ngaphansi kwanoma iziphi izimpi.

Missile amabutho - amandla Russia

Strategic Missile Amandla ibaluleke, ngoba kuyizinto Isakhi esiyinhloko amasu amabutho yenuzi yezwe. Umsebenzi oyinhloko missile izinhlelo - angenze kungenzeka ukuba nolaka hit izinhlobo ezahlukene imivimbo Okuqondiwe yecebo isitha. Njengengxenye amabutho missile kwenjongo ekhethekile eRussia ezintathu amabutho missile futhi 12 missile zokwakheka. Zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali izakhiwo - a 6 izinhlobo yezikhali ezicitshwayo 4th kanye isizukulwane 5th, ezintathu zazo zisekelwe ezimayini, ezintathu - kukhona mobile phansi ezisekelwe.

missile isimiso somhlaba enamandla kakhulu ubhekwa nangomcibisholo ballistic "Voivod". It uyakwazi ukuletha mayelana 10 sezikhali isisindo amathani 8 at ibanga ayizinkulungwane 11.5 amakhilomitha. Ukucaciswa zako ziyizindlela ngezindlela eziningi kunokubuthwa izakhiwo enamandla kakhulu American.

Indlela ukuqhuba isivivinyo

Uhlolo wokuqala ohlelweni missile asewile omunye unyaka 1986 - bavalelwa Baikonur. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, eyinkimbinkimbi wafakwa inkonzo, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ihlolwe nokusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene imishini ukulwa. "Voivod" - rocket, okuyinto kubhekwa omunye enamandla kakhulu phakathi InterContinental. imishini kwezobuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi ayilingani ontanga emhlabeni wonke, futhi babe sezingeni leliphakeme ukusebenza izici kuyisiqinisekiso ukuthi usebenzisa ezicitshwayo kungaba lula ukugcina ezempi kanye silinganiso zamasu.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi "Voivod" ihlolwe kunzima ngenxa ukwethulwa yimpumelelo 43 yayimane nje 36. Futhi kokuqala kushabalele: rocket, baphuma okwami, abuyela ebhuthini, zazingekho abalimala. Kodwa kutivivinyo bebelokhu ngokuphepha futhi ngempumelelo, futhi "Voivod" (aka "Sathane") ubelokhu eqashelwa njengenye enokwethenjelwa kakhulu emhlabeni. It is kuhlelwe ukuthi rocket kuyoba enkonzweni kuze kube 2022, bese bacabanga rocket esikhundleni "Voivod" InterContinental missile yesimanje ballistic "Sarmat".

Yezinjongo eziyinhloko

Phakathi ukuthuthukiswa abakhiqizi bahlose ukuqinisekisa ileveli entsha ukusebenza izici futhi ukulwa okusezingeni eliphezulu ukusebenza. Ngenxa yalokho, InterContinental missile ballistic "Voivod" yasungulwa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

1. ubungqabavu Ukwandiswa Pu mina KP.
2. Kuvikela umyalo nokulawula isicelo kunoma iyiphi imvelo ukuzinza eziyinkimbinkimbi.
3. Expanded amakhono okusebenza ezicitshwayo retargeting, ikakhulukazi uma lokudubula engahlelelwe target izinkomba. rocket isivinini "Voivod", futhi isikhathi sokuqala sokudlikiza umnyuziki kuthinta ukusebenza - abakwazi kuqhathaniswa imuphi omunye uhlelo missile emhlabeni.
4. Inikeza ukumelana imicibisholo ukubalekela izici elimazayo kusuka emhlabathini futhi eziphakeme ukuqhuma zenuzi.
5. ukuzimela Ukwandiswa eyinkimbinkimbi.
6. Ukwandiswa sewaranti ka isiqalisi rocket.

Inxanxathela "Voivod" - rocket, okuyinto operation okuthembekile futhi survivability izikhathi eziningana kunangendlela ephathekayo izinhlelo eziningi air ukuzivikela.

Yiziphi izici?

Phakathi ukuhlola rocket yazuza nenkani amathonya ahlukahlukene. Combat ukusetshenziswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwaba ngokuyimpumelelo futhi ngokushesha ngenxa izici eziningana:

1. Ukunemba iye kukhuphuke ngo izikhathi 1.3.
2. amacala ziye zasetshenziswa amandla amaningi.
3. Area sezikhali dilution zone liye landa izikhathi 2.3.
4. Isakhiwo is run kusuka izindlela ezahlukene.
5. missile Nuclear "Voivod" lalifakwa eside kathathu kuka kwimodi azimele wodwa.
6. Isikhathi ukulungela aba nguhhafu.

Ziphethe iqoqo izixazululo eziphambili lobuchwepheshe, waqala ukuba ngcono amandla amakhono.

uhlelo cushioning

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo missile kwenziwa okusekelwe impumelelo yesikhathi esidlule nokusetshenziswa esiphezulu etholakalayo yesimanje ubunjiniyela izakhiwo, ukuxhumana kanye nezinhlelo. Ngenxa yalokho, "Voivod" - rocket, esibonakala by ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu, besebenza uphethiloli ketshezi, ampulizirovana ngokugcwele futhi yakhelwe ukubhubhisa izindawo ezibucayi e ezahlukene ibanga amabanga. ukuthuthukiswa rocket owenziwa esinezinyathelo uhlelo lapho ngokulandelana ahlelwe izinyathelo futhi uhlelo abalimi imishini izinto ezinkulu. Amandla bezikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi ziye anda ngenxa izici eziningana:

1. Kwakuthinta ngcono injini ukusebenza, ukusebenza elilungile off isilawuli wesifunda.
2. I-fuel ingaphakathi ngamandla esiteji II wawenziwa.
3. Ngcono kwakungamadodana izici sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza.

Propulsion yokuzalela - i-four-chamber rocket injini, okuyinto ifakwe rotary omlilo emakamelweni - bavalelwe bangasebenzi phambili flight isikhundla. Lo rocket liyasetshenziswa jikelele uketshezi uhlelo, okuyinto sekuyindlela eyinhloko ukuze inhlangano esebenza kahle fast and ifektri.

ukuphathwa Izici

Intercontinental missile ballistic "Voevoda" kulawulwa ukulwa iyunithi okuyinto has simise biconical lomzimba has ukumelana kancane emoyeni. isilawuli missile uhlelo okucatshangwa phezu ukuze afinyelele imigomo eziningana:

1. Liqinisekisa nekusebenta emva imiphumela iziqhumane zasemkhathini zindiza.
2. Isehlukaniso sezikhali ukukhulisa ephezulu ukucacisa.
3. Isebenzisa oqondile indlela okuqondiswe ukuthi akudingi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile mission indiza.
4. Linikeza okuqondiswe akude.

Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga rocket ifakwe enamandla ugibelile ikhompyutha eziyinkimbinkimbi. Rocket "Voivod", izimfanelo okuyinto sesabe, izici ukulwa azifani tekusebenta. Zonke izici eziyinkimbinkimbi ziqinisekiswa nezinto eziningi ezivivinya emoyeni kanye emhlabathini. Olwenziwe missile ukuqalisa baye babonisa ukuthi linokwethenjelwa.

Enamandla kunazo zonke emhlabeni

"Voivod" - uhlelo nangomcibisholo, esahlanganisa ku ukulwa duty kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngo-1979, Umklami Chief Utkin V F. ezihlongozwayo isixazululo sobuchwepheshe eziphathelene uhlelo missile. Ngo-1992 yena waba efakwe iziqhumane mayelana 88, futhi rocket uhlala enamandla kakhulu futhi kunzima emhlabeni. isisindo sakhe - amathani angaphezu kuka-200, futhi inani elilodwa Salvo missile division kwamandla elilingana 13,000 amabhomu e-athomu.

Rocket R-36M2 "Voivod" ifakwe eziyinkimbinkimbi oluseqophelweni yesimanje izindlela uyakwazi ekunqobeni missile wezokuVikela ukuze ifohle uhlelo SDI. Kweminsalo abe sezikhali 10, okuyinto lihambisana le ebuyile flight fairing - basuke ibekwe luhlaka ekhethekile imigqa emibili. rocket injini - a-chamber ezine LRE, okuyinto has a combustor rotary - bona udlulele isimo yokusebenza lapho flying.

Umahluko omkhulu

1. Missile has a ukumelana izici elimazayo ngenxa kuqhuma ibhomu lenyukliya.
2. It iqalwe ngisho nangemva kokuba isitha kwagadla ngo izikhundla uhlelo missile.
3. Special amnyama ezishisayo isithiyo enamathela kusiza ukudlula rocket engale uthuli ukuthi kwakhiwa emva kuqhuma ibhomu lenyukliya. enamathela enjalo inikeza survivability kohlelo missile.
4. Lo rocket ifakwe nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha alinganisa neutron futhi gamma-ray egawula ezingeni yingozi. Lapho rocket uya enuzi "amakhowe", uhlelo lokulawula sivaliwe, injini uyaqhubeka ukusebenza.
5. Ukwakha umzimba rocket ephezulu amandla ezisetshenziswa - abandayo wasebenza aluminium-magnesium (saphenduka) ingxubevange.
6. Intercontinental missile ballistic "Voivod" kuyinto uhlelo lokulawula eziwubukhazikhazi, okuyinto zifihlwe uphawu insimbi egumbini izindlu. Uhlelo uhlaliseke nje rocket ushiya endaweni eyingozi. Ngemva kwalokho okokusebenza kuvuliwe futhi uhlelo lokulawula ulungisa trajectory of the eziyinkimbinkimbi.
7. Amanzi rocket uhlelo ilula, kuba izakhi ezincane ngempela othomathikhi. Ngakho, asikho isidingo sokuba yesondlo.

Missile uhlelo owabangelwa izingxenye nolaka kukaphethiloli ewuketshezi, kodwa ezilungele emhlabeni eminyakeni engu-25. Ingashintshwa ukuze izimo ezinzima ukulwa rocket izinjini: baye anda izifiso zabo, wenza livikela kakhulu uhlelo eziyisisekelo futhi izakhi eyinkimbinkimbi.

Izici "Voivod"

Missile "Sathane" ( "Voivod") is a multi-inhloso eyenzelwe bazibandakanye kuhambisane netinhloso. Izici ezikhethekile of the complex zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Qala siphela emayini.
2. rocket Amabili esiteji futhi ugijimela ku izingxenye ephezulu nophethiloli.
3. eyinkimbinkimbi elawulwa ngokuzenzakalela kususelwa-ibhodi ikhompyutha.
4. izinhlobo ezahlukene imishini ukulwa ingasetshenziswa (sezikhali).
5. Yazi-nendlela ehlanganiswe kuphela rocket - nosimende umkhankaso.

ukulungiswa

Kukhona ukulungiswa eziningana "Voivod". Okokuqala - P-36M UTTKh, okuyinto oyisizukulwane sesithathu uhlelo missile. Uyakwazi hit nangomcibisholo abafika kwabangu-10 okuhloswe, kuhlanganise imigomo lilikhulu noma encane sikwele. Lesi sakhiwo has ukunemba okuphezulu komlilo, ukwanda kwenani sezikhali.

"Dnepr" - wadala ngesisekelo eziyinkimbinkimbi "Voivod" rocket. Photo ebonisa ukuthi lena rocket Ushintshe, okuyinto kwavele wokubuyekeza asizayo izinjini ukujayeza sinjalo, lawula ukusekela ngokulondoloza uhlelo, bese usebenzisa i-side ekhaleni fairing.

Amathemba main

Ekuqaleni, lo umnqamulajuqu ixwayisa "Voivod" imicibisholo lathatha 2018, futhi manje sikhuluma ngonyaka 2026. Ochwepheshe bathi kakade missile uhlelo kudlulwe sewaranti, kanye inkathi ixwayisa yayo isivele eminyakeni engaba ngu-24 ubudala. Okwamanje, umsebenzi eyenziwa yokuthuthukisa impilo kweminsalo iminyaka engu-30, ngakho-ke sihlelelwe ukugcina eziyinkimbinkimbi empini Lwamasu Missile Amandla kuze 2022.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukwandisa esiphezulu ukuphila service kungenzeka yezikhali ezicitshwayo "Voivod" sibonga kungenzeka yokuthi zihlukile ukuphelela lobuchwepheshe, njengoba kubonakala umklamo kanye nezixazululo zobuchwepheshe izakhiwo. Kwakuthinta Waphawula nokuthi "Voivod" RS-20V kuyoba empini Russian missile amabutho kuze 2026.

okutholakele

Missile uhlelo, "Voivod" uhlukile: owokuqala sethulwa ngo-1986, kwaba yabangela impikiswano futhi ukuphambana kwemibono. Yini Izindleko kuphela kuhlulekile ukwethulwa, okungase abuqede lezi izakhiwo ... Kodwa sesimanje okufika ngesikhathi futhi ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje kuye kwaholela yokuthi rocket "Voivod" ekugcineni waba namandla kakhulu futhi kunzima emhlabeni, ukushaya ngalezi zinkomba ezincwadini irekhodi Guinness. Ngenxa zaklanywa ngokuhlakanipha uhlelo ephelele, okuyinto ifakwe rocket, kuba isevisi ezilungele eminyakeni eyikhulu ikota.

uhlelo Missile, "Voivod" ( "Sathane") muhle ngoba invulnerable ukuba missile ukuzivikela, ngenxa warhead eziyinkimbinkimbi flight ubephelezelwa amabhlogo zamanga. Endaweni ukuhlakazwa plasma yabo amathrekhi ziyefana e sezikhali yangempela ukuthi kuphazamisa isitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto izikhali evikelekile kakhulu etholakala abanakusithola ukuhlaselwa isitha ezimayini. Futhi okubaluleke: the complex abakwazi ukuhlala isimo walondoloza mayelana iminyaka engu-10 futhi baqala kuphela ukuqala in 30 seconds.