Wilensky laseTheotokos: emthandazweni?

Phakathi isithombe eziningi ngokuyisimangaliso Virgin linendawo ekhethekile Vilna isithonjana we uNina kaNkulunkulu. Uneziqu umlando ocebile kakhulu, okuyinto namanje kuyaqhubeka kusukela ngezikhathi zabaphostoli. Futhi ngenxa zokuphulukisa yayo eziningi ezahlukene, nje ukusiza ezihlukahlukene ezindabeni zesintu. Kuze kube manje, uhlu lesi sithombe UnguNina KaNkulunkulu itholakala e Vilnius, oNgcwele Monastery (futhi isithonjana sokuqala kulahleka emva izenzakalo kulwiwa kanye neMpi Yezwe II).

Legend ngemvelaphi isithonjana

Vilna icon UnguNina KaNkulunkulu inomlando ekhethekile odabuka (kanye nabanye abaningi abafana naye). Kukholakala ukuthi yabhalwa ngesikhathi lapho kudalwa umhlaba iisus hristos lapho eseneminyaka Umama uyaphila kaNkulunkulu. EConstantinople, ngokusho legend, weza ephuma Palestine, njengoba kubonakala igama layo - ". EJerusalema" "Tsaregradskaya," noma

isithonjana Umlando eRussia

inguqulo enembile yalokho ayekubona eRussia Vilna isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu, akukho. On omunye wabo, eMoscow lesi sithombe lasendulo eze Sofey Paleolog e 1472. kamuva Inkosazana waba mfazi John III. Kukhona enye inguqulo kanjani isithonjana kwaba eRussia. umbusi ngesiGreki walithuma njengesipho enkosini Galicia kanye ubukhulu Galician ngemva kokuthumba ke futhi zayiswa umbusi eMoscow.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa 1495 lokhu isithonjana ukubusisa umshado Princess Elena, indodakazi John III. Ndawonye kanye naye, wathuthela e-Vilnius, inhloko-dolobha yaseLithuania. Ngokusobala, lokhu yingakho Lethiwa Vilna. Nakuba inkosazana esaphila, isithombe wasendulo emakamelweni akhe.

Ngemva kokufa Elena, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ngo-January 1513, kwakhiwa indlu enkulu yesonto yafakwa ethuneni lakhe e kweNyuka Cathedral Vilnius (lokhu kubekiwe intando yakhe). Kwakuwusuku yokuhlala yaseLithuania kanye Metropolitan of Kiev ne omunye omdala kanye amathempeli lasendulo -dolobha. Ezinye izazi-mlando baye bathola ubufakazi bokuthi Elena kusengaphambili wanika ethempelini umfanekiso, hhayi kusukela ngomzuzu lokufa kwakhe, wayelapho.

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi lokhu isithonjana wazama ngokuphindaphindiwe ukungethusa ukuze bazithole Grand Duchy of eMoscow. abaningi intela ngoba kwahlongozwa, kodwa nakho konke ukuhlaselwa zenqatshiwe.

Umlando isithonjana ngesikhathi kumiswa ibhodi Uniate

Wilensky laseTheotokos, ngemva kokuba ngazimemezela Brest Church Union, washukumiseleka ukuba St Nicholas Church. Lokhu kwenzeke ngoba Cathedral laseTheotokos, lapho isithombe laba Uniate, Orthodox futhi sasizama ukugcina ukholo lwabo izinsalela eyigugu kakhulu. Nokho, ngo-1609 wathuthela Uniate futhi St Nicholas yesonto, ngakho kwanqunywa ukuba ubuyisele Vilna isithonjana emuva sesonto.

izenzakalo ezalandela kwaletha siphi kwenzakala Vilna isithonjana Holy Trinity Isonto Monastery. Ngemva umlilo 1610 esigodlweni sezindela Prechistensky nokulungisa okwalandela umnyango wedolobha wayiswa Holy Trinity Church. Ngokwemibiko ethile kusho ukuthi isithonjana manjalo yathatha kanye nabo, neminye ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi ngemva incithakalo Prechistenskaya isithombe isonto wayiswa zintathu Church. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa 1652 sase atloliwe Ukhulumé Iqiniso lokuthi ngaphambi kokuba isithonjana Vilna eyafezwa njalo ngoMgqibelo akathist kuyinto zintathu Church.

Esikhathini esizayo, it is hhayi nje lakhishwa emzini nasethempelini phakathi nezimpi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1654-1667, ngokulandelana, phakathi neMpi Polish futhi eminyakeni 1700-1721, ngesikhathi Omkhulu Northern neMpi. Isikhathi sokuqala ukuseshwa ngomyalo YaseMoscow Tsar Alexei ukuphindela khona, kodwa ungalokothi wakuthola.

Ngo 1707 isithonjana yakhelwa i Kyoto entsha (ngonyaka owedlule wanyamalala ngaphambili emlilweni), eyayibhalwe yayo eminyakeni embalwa. Imizamo ukuze uthumele isithombe of the Empire, Russian zaphela, ngoba abazange uthinte ngisho nangemva Vilna lebhalwe eRussia, futhi ngemuva kokuhoxiswa inyunyana.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, wayethandana lokhu esigodlweni, kodwa waxoshelwa phakathi neMpi Yezwe I, indlela yalo okwengeziwe alwaziwa. Ebandleni ekhatsi Vilnius yilona ikhophi esiqondile isithonjana (futhi ngenhlanhla eyisimangaliso).

iconography isithombe

Ukuze womshini lokhu isithonjana wanqunywa amabhodi ezine - izihlahla ezimbili fir, futhi ezimbili inkohliso. Ngekucabanga kwawo yokuloba okufana kakhulu eJerusalema isithonjana (ngokusobala, nale futhi isizathu ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "iJerusalema"). Kukhona yini ukufana ne Georgian Tikhvin nezithombe.

Isithonjana ungabona Virgin, nokubamba Ingane ku ingalo yakhe kwesokunxele. isithende sakhe angenalutho futhi ubheke ngaphandle, lesandla sakhe sokhohlo uhlezi ngamadolo akhe umqulu, futhi ngakwesokunene kuvuswe isibusiso.

Phakathi nokuhlala kwakhe isikhathi eside isithonjana ethempelini iminikelo yene of izinto eziyigugu. Ngo 1677, i-isithombe okwenziwe axoshwe ingubo esiliva. Izingubo nezesiliva zaziyizinkulungwane zomama nezingane, ezinkozi izimbali ukuthi bachazwa kwegolide. Futhi kubonisa ukuthi isithonjana ingemuva filigree eyinkimbinkimbi. Enhloko UnguNina KaNkulunkulu kwaba enomqhele wegolide, kusekelwa izingelosi egolide, futhi phezu umqhele nengane amagugu.

Against isizinda isithonjana eziningi amapuleti isiliva, amagugu okuhloba ahlukahlukene eziyigugu (ubuhlalu, amaparele, amatshe ayigugu, igolide kanye jewelry esiliva). Lapho ngo-1866, kwenziwa ukubuyiselwa, ukulungisa kanye yokuhlanza yesithombe, ukuthi, kubo bonke amagugu nesiliva, okuyinto lisusiwe kusuka isithonjana, iholo esisha senziwa, kanye haloes entsha ne amadayimane futhi amadayimane. imifanekiso Okuningi ababulawa Uhlaka ngethusi.

izinsuku ukugubha

Phakathi nokugujwa kwezinsuku isithombe ewela izinombolo ezimbili. Ngosuku lokuqala - kungcono Februwari 15, ukuthi umcimbi siyigubhe isithonjana ukudluliswa e Vilna, owawusedolobheni 1495. Usuku lokugubha yesibili - kuba Apreli 14.

Ukuthandaza icon

eyaziwa kahle kakhulu by ahlukahlukene Vilna izimangaliso isithonjana we uNina kaNkulunkulu. Yini ikhuleke phambi lesi sithombe? Ngokuvamile inikeza imithandazo futhi bacele ukunqanda noma ukwelapha izifo zabo kokubili ngokomoya nangokwenyama. Kuyinto lezi zokuphulukisa, balidumisa isithombe. Yilokho lapho zithandaza futhi ikheli le-uNina kaNkulunkulu phambi kwalesi isithonjana.

Futhi ucele ukuvikelwa lezinhlupheko ahlukahlukene, ngoba ukukhululwa esonweni, kusukela izitha Ukuvikelwa ahlukahlukene. Kukhona umkhuleko ekhethekile, ngawo ungakwazi ukufinyelela uphawu, kodwa akanayo akathist ehlukile, Troparion futhi Kontakion.

Ngakho, esekelwe bonke ngenhla, Wilensky laseTheotokos ke kubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke Orthodox.

Brama isithonjana

Futhi e Vilnius kukhona isithombe engengaphansi ohlonishwayo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ngezinye izikhathi udidekile ngokungaphezulu. It Ubuye umlando onothileko lasendulo ngempela okwamanje, futhi izinguqulo eziningana yomsuka wawo. It Vilna eSangweni Dawn isithonjana, okuyinto okwamanje e Lithuania, e-Chapel of Dawn.

Umsuka walo isithonjana ithakazelisa kakhulu. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sithombe walethwa kusukela eChersonese (Korsun), ngakho kweminye imithombo futhi ubizwa ngokuthi "Annunciation ka Korsun." Duke Algirdas wamngenisa emkhankasweni ngokumelene AmaTatar futhi wakhipha unkosikazi wakhe uMariya. Nokho, nomkakhe wesibili wanika isithonjana Holy Trinity Monastery.

Ngokwe-legend yesibili, isithonjana yena uvele esiqhingini esangweni e 1431, nane-Ephreli. Nokho kukhona isiko lwesithathu, owawuthi isithonjana ioann Paleolog wathumela Lithuanian Prince Olgerd ngemva kokuba ebuKristwini. Ngakho, kwaba khona ingcwele ngokuyisimangaliso inhlabathi Lithuanian.

Izinsuku ukugubha nokunxusa isithonjana

Vilna eSangweni Dawn isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu has ezinsukwini zayo celebration. Okokuqala kulo nyaka ewela Apreli 14. Lelilanga ukukhunjulwa ezintathu Lithuanian Yabafel 'Ukholo. Usuku mkhosi yesibili uwela ngoDisemba 26.

isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, siphawula ukuthi isithonjana Virgin Vilna, efana Ngesihe, kubaluleke kakhulu abantu Orthodox. Nakuba lesi sibalo yokugcina lihlonishwa Orthodox namaKatolika ngesiGreki ngenxa yezinto ezenzeka ensimini ka Lithuania. Lokhu konke kusikisela ukuthi ukholo lweqiniso Alinamkhawulo, uma uxhumane ithu intercessors ngenhlitiyo lehlantekile langenhlonipho, ngokuqinisekile ukusiza kulesi, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akulula, indlela yokuphila.