Yini okufanele ibe kokucindezelwa e injini? Kudivayisi sokulinganisa injini kokucindezelwa

Ngaphansi kokucindezela emotweni izinjini kusho ingcindezi ezingeni e uMbhalo ngesikhathi kokucindezelwa Esigabeni sokugcina, ngesikhathi nje lapho crankshaft ijikeleziswa ngumuntu ukuziqalela.

Kungani ukukala ke?

Uma kuze kube muva nje amandla phiko isebenza kahle, futhi ngaphandle izikhalazo, kodwa ngokushesha amandla akhe kwehle kakhulu, kukhuphuke fuel kanye zokugcoba, futhi idling vibration uvele - lezi kuyizimpawu zokuthi kokucindezelwa kule amasilinda phansi.

Hlola ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma esebenzisa izilinganiso. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yini okufanele ibe kokucindezelwa yenjini nokuthi ukubala ke.

Hlola ezingeni kokucindezelwa kukuvumela olwanele ngalokho kunenkinga nge motor. Akubalulekile ukususa injini, noma ukuqaqa ke.

Phakathi kwezimbangela ka ukwehlisa izinga ukugandeleleka plunger kungenzeka bafake eziwubala of pistons noma amasilinda, iphutha isikhathi nezinye izimbangela eziningi. Umnikazi imoto kungenzeka ukuba kukhanye injini ukulungisa (Vaz noma ezinye umshini).

amazinga kokucindezelwa ku likaphethiloli izimoto

Kokucindezela isilinganiso - kuyinto ivolumu isilinda ngesikhathi lapho piston isezingeni phansi isikhungo efile. Lona esiphezulu esitholakalayo, zihlukaniswe ivolumu efanayo ne piston phezulu maphakathi efile, okungukuthi, okungenani isikhala etholakalayo.

Yini okudingeka baqonde uma Ukucaciswa unikezwa zlib isilinganiso kanye kokucindezelwa? Ake sithi isilinganiso kokucindezelwa kuyinto 10. Lokhu kusho ukuthi esiphezulu ivolumu etholakalayo egumbini amandla omlilo of isilinda eyodwa izikhathi eziyishumi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo ivolumu ubuncane. Ngakho, ingxube fuel onomfutho izikhathi 10 ngenxa yemali engena isilinda.

Kukhona ukuhlanganisa emkhatsini zlib kanye zlib isilinganiso.

Lobu buhlobo uchaza izinga ekhethekile. Ukuze likaphethiloli izinjini ke ilingana 1.2-1.3. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isilinganiso kokucindezelwa yaziwa, kodwa lezi zinombolo ingatholakala imibhalo for imoto, cabanga ke lokho kufanele kube kokucindezelwa yenjini akunzima.

Yiqiniso, lezi izibalo kungahluka ukuthola izinto ezibonakalayo iphasipoti, idatha limenyezelwe ngumkhiqizi. Ngoba lesi sici sixhomeke kakhulu indlela bakhathale piston iqembu. Ngokushesha ezingxenyeni ukuguga, ephansi ezingeni kokucindezelwa.

Okuphansi kokucindezelwa likaphethiloli injini kanye ukuseviswa kwako

Ngakho, liyini emgqeni, uma ileveli lesi silinganiso sincane kakhulu, futhi kuba isikhathi ukulungisa iyunithi? Kukholakala ukuthi 10-12% of the degree of kokucindezelwa ukuthi abalwa wasethula abakhiqizi. Ngakho, uma ipasipoti wabonisa ukuthi ezingeni kufanele kube - 12 kg / cm ^2, kulula ukubala ukuthi kokucindezelwa ka 10.5 izinkulumo mayelana injini okuyiphutha. Kufanele kulungiswe ephelele.

Izilinganiso edume zezimoto

Ake sibone, ukuthi yini okufanele ibe kokucindezelwa e injini izimoto athandwayo e-Russia. On amamodeli we "Autovase", nge 2106 by 2110, lesi sibalo 11 kuya 13 kg / cm ^2. Kia Rio, ngokuvumelana umkhiqizi, kuncike ngonyaka imodeli has a level of 12,75 kuya 13. "Nissan Qashqai" has a kokucindezelwa ka 12.5 kuya 12, kuya ngevolumu yenjini. Amamodeli we "VW" ikakhulukazi kusukela 12 kuya 13. sibalo futhi kuncike umthamo unit.

Kokucindezela futhi udizili

Amayunithi udizili, lokhu kukhetha kubaluleke kakhulu.

Yebo, noma kanjani, ngoba ibonisa isimo yezingxenye injini, kodwa noma kunjalo kuba kungenzeka kuphela uyibanga ejwayelekile ke ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi emakhazeni. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi kokucindezelwa ratio futhi yokucinana udizili - kancane izinto ezahlukene. Kokucindezela isilinganiso - ucezu njalo. Kokucindezela ivame ukuba ziyahlukahluka.

Ngo injini diesel, ngokungafani kuya Petrol izinjini, nophethiloli amakhefu kungekho inhlansi, futhi ngenxa yokucinana ka udizili owawusentangini uMbhalo. Lapho ukucindezela kuphezulu, uphethiloli uyabaselwa bese wokhela angesabi. The ephansi kokucindezelwa, ephansi izinga lokushisa. Ngakho, ukuqala injini kuyoba nzima. Jwayelekile kokucindezelwa yesimanje uhlobo injini kungenzeka kusuka 35 kg / cm kg ² kuya ku-40 / cm ^2. Esesizokuhlola kanjani ukukala le nkomba.

Indlela ulinganise kokucindezelwa injini

Abaningi abanolwazi abanikazi imoto zama ukuwasusa nganoma yisiphi izinkinga ngokwakho. I pistons futhi amasilinda iyathinteka. Futhi uma injini ngokungazelelwe silahlekelwa kokucindezelwa, kubalulekile lokwenza ukuxilongwa futhi udlulise lo izilinganiso ezidingekayo.

Kala ezingeni kokucindezelwa sedivayisi ekhethekile. Lokhu kokucindezelwa geji. Amadivayisi anjalo asetshenziswa zinhle kakhulu futhi esiteshini inkonzo, futhi kuhle ukusetshenziswa self. Wonke amadivayisi zingahlukaniswa zibe uphethiloli, udizili noma onobuhle jikelele. Ngokusho izimiso wokusebenza kwalezi amadivayisi yokulinganisa futhi ngokuphongoza.

izinhlobo kokucindezela

amadivaysi clamping asetshenziswa ikakhulu endabeni izilinganiso fast likaphethiloli izinjini. Basuke izimpawu kokuba tube zenjoloba. Kuyinto jikelele. Ukusebenza lolu cingo ludinga pair of izandla yesibili.

amadivaysi Threaded ingasetshenziswa kuphela, ngaphandle kosizo. Imitha kumele kuvikelwe kuya inhlansi ipulaki imbobo noma orifice Imibhobho esemzimbeni. Idivayisi ifakwe i ozikhethela iraba grommet enikeza lo msebenzi kokucindezela kontanga kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita.

A ngentambo okhethekileko Ukuminyanisa nezimo ikuvumela ukuba ukhuphule divayisi imbobo inhlansi ipulaki.

Libuye design nezimo inikeza ithuba elihle lokufeza izilinganiso ngaphandle isidingo ahlukanisa izakhi injini.

Okokugcina, jikelele kokucindezelwa gauge ikuvumela uhlole kokucindezelwa e injini diesel. Yokulinganisa futhi umsebenzi zokuxilonga wenziwa ngaphandle kokukhipha iyiphi ifindo.

Izincomo ochwepheshe okukhethiwe zedivayisi wokulinganisa

Ukuze uthole ukufundwa olunembile ikakhulukazi, ochwepheshe batusa sebenzisa idivaysi threaded. Lapha, valve ukuthi kuthola ingcindezi akufanele ibekwe ingcindezi gauge, futhi inhloko lapho, yona, screwed emgodini inhlansi ipulaki. Uma ngabe le umphini ilungile, imiphumela ngeke ithathwe kancane.

Ukwazi lokho kufanele kube izinga kokucindezelwa yenjini, umuntu angabona ukuthi singakanani onomfutho igesi emakamelweni omlilo ngaphansi isenzo uMbhalo. Phakathi nalokho kubingelelana, ungakwazi ukuhlonza ukungasebenzi noma ukwehluleka uMbhalo.

Uma emakamelweni omlilo sehlise izinga kokucindezelwa, lokhu kusho ukuthi kunesidingo esikhundleni piston izindandatho ezigugile inhlansi noma valve steel backlash.

Izimfihlakalo nesilinganiso lesifanele

Ukuze uthole imiphumela olunembile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukufudumeza iyunithi izinga lokusebenza yayo. Ngo inqubo kunconywa ukucisha supply fuel ukuze injini kanye ukusonta ipulaki inhlansi. Ngaphambi ukukala injini kokucindezelwa libuye Kunconywa ukuba ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele futhi uhlole ukuziqalela for ukuseviswa.

ichopho elivaliwe noma evulekile

Lapho efeza lezi izindlela zokuxilonga, lo mpintsha angavulwa noma ivaliwe. Uma izilinganiso lwenziwa ukuze kutholakale iphutha, sincike isikhundla mpintsha ukuthi usuthole ke.

Uma valve ivaliwe, inani elincane emoyeni singena iqembu piston.

Njengoba kokucindezelwa akuyona likhulu kakhulu. Ngakho ukuhlonza ukuvuza. Phela, ngisho ukwehla elincane kwabantu kungaholela ukwehla ezingeni kokucindezelwa.

Uma valve evulekile, ivolumu emoyeni libanzi. kokucindezelwa ezingeni ziyokuwa, kodwa kancane kuphela. Kungase wengeze inani ukuvuza. Kungenzeka ukuthola zokugwema ukuphuka we pistons, zokugwema ukuphuka noma coking ka piston izindandatho, valve ukusonteka nokutubeka, kahle isilinda geometry.

I algorithm nesilinganiso

Okokuqala ususe wire inhlansi ipulaki futhi ususe inhlansi. Sebenza ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka - ingekho ohlwini e ikhandlela udaka imbobo. Hlanza zonke isihlabathi nothuli esiye zanqwabelana khona. Khona-ke compressometer isikulufa kwelinye izimbobo.

Ake umlingani wakho ngawakhamela ngokugcwele isinyathelo namafutha ngenkathi ukuziqalela. Lezi imisebenzi kumele okuphindaphindiwe nje inaliti imitha ngeke ayeke liphuma. Namafutha kufanele kube ukuze Cindezela mpintsha.

Rekhoda ukufundwa for isilinda ngamunye. Khona-ke thola ulwazi njalo semoto yakho futhi run. Manje njengoba siyazi ukuthi kufanele kube kokucindezelwa yenjini, kanye mileage imoto, ahlaziye bese uqhathanisa idatha. Izimpawu I-amasilinda ezahlukene akufanele kuyahlukahluka.

Izizathu yokuntuleka kokucindezelwa

Kwenzeka ukuze ingcindezi inganyamalala ngokuphelele. Kungaba avuse izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezahlukene.

Uma kungekho kokucindezelwa e injini, izimbangela kungenzeka ongaphakeme njengoba amafutha kanye igrisi. Lokhu kuholela coking ka piston izindandatho noma zakoksovke kwezinye izingxenye injini.

Futhi, ubukhulu encane bungabonakala phakathi izimbangela chips, okuyinto livela ngaphakathi komgodi we isilinda ngesikhatsi operation injini. Iphutha alikho uqobo shavings futhi burrs phezu uMbhalo. Futhi, uma wokushiswa gasket ngaphansi kwekhanda isilinda, kungase futhi avuse depressurization.

Indlela ukuxazulula le nkinga?

Uma kungekho kokucindezelwa yenjini, zingase zihluke kakhulu izizathu lokhu. Ungakwazi yini ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga? Indlela sikhona, kodwa isiqinisekiso ukusebenza yayo akekho unika. Nakuba lokhu kuye kwasiza abaningi.

Lungiselela uzibambela valve ketshezi. Ukusonta plug inhlansi, bese ufaka 50 g le ngxube e uMbhalo kuyinkinga. Kanjani ukuyithola usebenzisa kokucindezelwa umhloli. Shiya umshini amahora 12 e luwukuphumula okuphelele. Ngemva injini umqulu, ukuhlanza inhlansi, ulungise nokusulwa bese usetha konke endaweni yayo.

Bese uya edolobheni futhi ngesivinini abagibeli km-30. Chubeka udvwebe izilinganiso futhi. Uma ukufundwa ziyafana ke udinga ukulungisa okuphuthumayo Vaz injini ngokukhethekile, njengengxenye inkinga lezi zimoto.