Yiziphi emabhayisikili: izinhlobo, tesakhiwo, Ukucaciswa, abakhiqizi

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ubani omunye ezibuza ukuthi siyothenga ibhayisekili, kuwufanele ukuhlola idatha etholakalayo okwamanje izinzuzo ngokusetshenziswa kwayo. ukunyakaza avamile kule imoto avumele ukuthola umphumela omkhulu zokwelapha, ngokusiza ukuqeda ukucindezeleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkathi nokugibela ibhayisikili e umuntu ezivezwa enzyme ethile futhi hormone, okuyizinto ingcono kakhulu antidepressant enamandla kakhulu. A Kusizuzisa kuyinto imoto futhi yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Kodwa ngaphezu ekuxazululeni izinkinga impilo ngebhayisikili - kungcono nje yokuzilibazisa emangalisayo. Ngemva ukuhamba nge olunothile ihlathi epaki noma edolobheni mnandi ngokwengeziwe isikhathi sokungcebeleka kusofa ngengxenye njalo amazambane chips.

Umlando omncane

Emuva ngo-1818 unjiniyela German noprofesa ubunjiniyela basungula engavamile ngesikhathi sawo imoto. Sasiphathelene Uhlaka, isondo namasondo amabili. Umklamo efanayo nalena ebizwa ngokuthi umshini yombhali ukugijima, ngoba isinyathelo amhambise ngemoto ngesikhathi wayengakabi.

Kusukela kulo mzuzwana iqala umlando ngebhayisikili. Ngokushesha le moto racing sekuthandwa kakhulu entsheni yesikhathi. Lokhu amarekhodi e Diaries ezicukuthwaneni, kanye ifilimu wokuqala nascent Cinématographe baqinisekisa.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, unjiniyela IsiZulu wakhuphuka sokwenezela ezinkathazweni "isikuta sedentary" iketango ahamba ngebhayisikili. Lokhu kwaba ukuzalwa ibhayisikili endaweni okuyindlela ejwayelekile ukuba isizukulwane samanje. Kuze kube manje, abakhiqizi besinikeza inqwaba onobuhle zalezi zimoto, ingasaphathwa izinhlobo zazo eziningi.

ngezigaba

Ngaphambi uvakashele isitolo ukuthenga imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo zayo ezikhona. Yini okudingeka bazi yiziphi emabhayisikili? Kuyadingeka ukuba ukuthenga ibhayisikili kwesokudla, uyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ekhethekile.

Ukudweba up ngezigaba lolu hlobo yezokuthutha - akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. Phela, kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi kangaka olusemthethweni yayo futhi zenyathi.
Yiziphi emabhayisikili? Evamile, bahlukene:

- eneminyaka engu-yomnikazi - izingane kanye nabantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala;
- application (edolobheni, emgwaqeni omkhulu, phezu unqamule izwe).

Nokho, kukhona ezivamile ukumaketha iqembu ngokwanele iyaphendula nempikiswano abathengi abavamile "Yiziphi emabhayisikili?". Ngokusho lokhu ngezigaba, ukuhlukanisa izigaba kwezimoto ezimbili ezinamasondo:

1. Intaba. Lokhu uhlobo ibhayisikili ngokuthi mauntibaykom, iyona ezivamile futhi ezithandwayo phakathi kwabasebenzisi. Inhloso Its main - ukushayela off-road, ezindaweni ezinezinga sezwe eqinile ezimangelengele. Lezi zilwane eyinhloko yaleli qembu zihlanganisa amabhayisikili nge esisodwa noma ezimbili dampers. Zibizwa ngokuthi ama-ngokulandelana, hardtail futhi dvuhpodves. Lokhu kuvumela umgibeli ukugibela endleleni nge nenduduzo esiphezulu.

2. Road. Lezi emabhayisikili zenzelwe ride quiet emigwaqweni yedolobha. Ziyakwazi ezinkulu kulabo, isibonelo, ufuna ukuya esitolo abawuthandayo noma ujabulele ukubukwa amahle zone ihlathi-epaki.

Ukuze othanda ukugqama bezihambela, kutuswa ukuba banake lolu hlobo ibhayisikili, njengoba impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu (chopper). Le modeli ithole igama ngenxa zifana aso izithuthuthu wesithuthuthu.

3. Imigwaqo. Lezi emabhayisikili zenzelwe ride okusheshayo kwi asphalt ezinhle. Bangakwazi yini ngokuphepha ashiwo esigabeni kwezemidlalo. Kufakwe ithrekhi emabhayisikili esetshenziswa imikhondo elikhethekile okuthiwa i-track umjikelezo. Lezi emabhayisikili abanalo shock absorbers ukuthi angayiqeda ubunzima izandla umgibeli sika. Nge ngesivinini ezoshayelwa usebenzisa ibhayisikili emgwaqweni emgwaqeni flat. Thenga lezi emabhayisikili for ugibele emgwaqweni owenziwe ngamatshe kwedolobha elikhulu.

4. Hybrid. Lezi emabhayisikili zibizwa futhi ngokuthi kanye nezokuvakasha. umklamo wabo okuthile isiphambano phakathi yamahhashi emgwaqweni futhi onobuhle entabeni. Njengomthetho, hybrid has inqwaba ngesivinini, ikhono coast phansi ezingeni, kanye nokwenzeka elihambayo ukhululekile ezindaweni ezimbi.

Kukhona futhi ezinye design engavamile. Lezi zihlanganisa, ngokukhethekile, amabhayisikili kagesi, kanye begovely (ziyafana imodeli ezidalwe 1818).

isidingo zokuhlukanisa

Yini imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo sehlukaniswe zilwane? Iqiniso lokuthi ngemodeli ngayinye inezici ayo kwesakhiwo ukuthi ziyadingeka ukuhambisa endaweni ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili ezintabeni ungakhululekile kakhulu ukugibela izungeze lo muzi. Ubukhulu nesisindo yalezi emabhayisikili ukwenza okufanayo Ukugibela ibhayisikili Kulukhuni okuyinhloko. Futhi okuphambene nalokho.

emabhayisikili Road kuyoba ngokuphelele engenamsebenzi ngaphandle asphalt. Phela, kudivayisi yabo kuphela ihlinzeka ride on imigwaqo flat. Yingakho ngokukhetha option ezifanele, kumele bazi yiziphi amabhayisikili. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba ngokushesha ukuqonda izici ehlukile futhi ukhethe imoto ekufanele.

Otherness

Imoto ingase isetshenziselwe indoda, owesifazane noma ingane. Uzokhetha lohlobo ibhayisikili izoncika kakhulu ukusebenza induduzo.

Ngakho, izimoto ezimbili ezinamasondo yilezi:

- besilisa ifakwe ejwayelekile Uhlaka okusezingeni eliphezulu isakhiwo;
- Abesifazane, wadala Uhlaka ongaphakeme futhi ayatholakala ladies amabhayisikili ezisemadolobheni (umgwaqo), yamahhashi emgwaqweni futhi entabeni;
- zezingane ezihlukahlukayo Ubukhulu kanye nomklamo kwamasondo;
- unisex, nokuba ukuphakama isilinganiso uzimele, efanelekayo zombili abesifazane
futhi amadoda.

ongakhetha Ezemidlalo

Indlela ukukhetha ibhayisikili ilungelo lowo yanquma bathathe ngebhayisikili? Letindlela Ubuye ngezigaba lalo. Kuze kube manje, nomkhiqizi inikeza ezihlukahlukene kwezemidlalo emabhayisikili, ngamunye ephethe umehluko yalo timphawu tesakhiwo, kanye ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe. Ngakho, leli qembu kuhlanganisa izindaba ezilandelayo:

- Imigwaqo emikhulu;
- entabeni;
- bayafaneleka futhi freestyle;
- Triathlon;
- Track;
- babuka.

Road emabhayisikili

Lezi emabhayisikili komgwaqo njengoba uhamba ngokusebenzisa bushelelezi asphalt komgwaqo evumela ukuthuthukisa ijubane 70 km / h. Basuke izimpawu rigidity, namasondo amancane ukujiya, izakhiwo kahle athuthukile sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza, isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa amagiya isondo emise inqama izimpondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nomendo - libhayisikili akhanya. Isisindo amanye amamodeli libhayisikili kg 6 kuphela. Lokhu abakhiqizi umphumela sifinyelele ngokusebenzisa ultra-ekukhanyeni izinto ezifana aluminium, carbon fibre futhi ephezulu ingxubevange steel. Ubuningi roadies isisindo ifinyelela 11 kg.

I ibhayisikili akhanya has spokes ambalwa. Inombolo yabo yayivamise ifinyelela amabili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ijubane le ibhayisikili usendaweni yokuqala, futhi amandla zize kamuva.

emabhayisikili entabeni

Mauntibayki eyenzelwe ukushayela ezindaweni lapho kungekho gwaqo, abe design akhethekile. Lezi abadala engahlelekile amabhayisikili Uhlaka ezahlukene cushioning enamandla, ephakanyiswe kakhulu amasondo ekalishi ubukhulu obukhulu kuze kufinyelele 560 mm kanye nephethini ezihlukene kulesi yimpandla bese siphelelwa namaqhosha. Sinenkosi ngesivinini okungenani eziyishumi nanhlanu. Nokho, izinkanyezi zawo zenzelwe ngendlela ekhethekile. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ekukhuphukeni. Umklamo uzimele ibhayisikili, eyenzelwe ushayela ku ezindaweni ezimagebhugebhu uye yokugcizelela izakhi. Yingakho isisindo ibhayisikili ngokuvamile ifinyelela 20 kg. Ngisho nezinto okusezingeni eliphezulu ukukhanya (aluminiyamu, futhi polymers) ibhayisikili isisindo ngempela umxhwele.

Umklamo entabeni emabhayisikili ngokuvamile enikeziwe disc amabhuleki. Bangase babe njengama idrayivu indophi kanye wokubacindezela.

Abakhiqizi ukunikela onobuhle bike mountain zabesilisa nabesifazane kwalesi ibhayisikili.

Freestyle nokuqulwa kwecala

Lezi zinhlobo emabhayisikili ezemidlalo athandwa kakhulu phakathi abalandeli emidlalweni eyingozi. Amamodeli eyenzelwe freestyle nokuqulwa kwecala, ihlukanisa Uhlaka eqinile. Lokho kuvumela ibhayisikili ukumelana imithwalo esindayo lapho kukhishwa izakhi Acrobatic, namasu ahlukahlukene. Amasondo ogibele lezi emabhayisikili babe inqwaba spokes, okuyinto kwandisa ukuthembeka kwabo lihlala nokuphahlazeka. Esinye isici esasenza lolu hlobo emabhayisikili kuyinto isondo yabo insaliwe. It iklanyelwe ukusekela kanye nokugcina ibhalansi yempi. Njengoba ngesivinini ke lezi emabhayisikili ungapheli. I disc ukubopha singanikezwanga, futhi usebe.

triathlon

Lezi emabhayisikili ezemidlalo kukhona twin emabhayisikili abazalwane komgwaqo. Noma kunjalo, zihlukaniswa a ukuhluka Uhlaka geometry nendawo amasondo phambi, okuyizinto on ezingeni ezahlukene ezingemuva.

Isici esibaluleke yikhono emabhayisikili ezifana khulula ukushintsha ngesivinini, kanye kalula ukuphathwa.

ithrekhi amabhayisikili

Emigwaqweni edolobheni, lezi izindaba ayikwazi ukutholwa. injongo yabo eyinhloko - ithuba iqhaza emncintiswaneni on the track. amabhayisikili okunjalo beswela amabhuleki kanye wokushintsha ngesivinini. Ukumisa lokhu Umsubathi ibhayisikili has ukwenza emathangeni extra ambalwa.

Ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle izinhlanga olulodwa ukukhwezwa fiberglass noma amasondo carbon fibre ngebhayisekili, senzelwe emjahweni. Ngaphambili isondo ihlukile ezimbili trehrebernoy blade. On lamasondo angemuva ngesithuthuthu wenziwa okuqinile. Lo mklamo kumelwe for emabhayisikili ezinjalo. Inikeza kalula rigidity yabo eyanele, asikho isidingo ukufaka ukubopha, ekunciphiseni Coefficient emoyeni ukumelana, ekuthuthukiseni controllability.

babuka emabhayisikili

Letindlela kwezemidlalo emabhayisikili zenzelwe uhambo olude emigwaqweni flat. umklamo Bahlanganisa luhlaka enamandla, esinikela nokuphepha enkulu Abahamba. Elungiselelweni kwamasondo kabani ubukhulu ifinyelela 28 amayintshi, inikeza inqwaba spokes - amathathu noma ngaphezulu. Tyres abe yimpandla esihlinzeka traction obuhle komzila womgwaqo.

egoqekayo amabhayisikili

Lolu hlobo lwe-libhayisikili kuphela umgwaqo noma onobuhle ezisemadolobheni. Isici esiphawulekayo design ebukhoneni lomnyango ezithathekayo endaweni ethile phakathi uzimele. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba Songa ibhayisikili ngesigamu. Ngenxa yalokho, libhayisikili kuthatha isikhala ingasaphathwa futhi kalula kungenziwa ligcinwe zithutha. Namuhla, abakhiqizi ukunikela aluminium ukusonga emabhayisikili. Ewonke alula kakhulu ukwedlula ababengaphambi zabo, okwandisa kalula zokuthutha. Phela, kukhona onobuhle hhayi kuphela osayizi ejwayelekile. Kukhona alo emabhayisikili ukuthi kungaba kwenziwe ubhaka.

Amakhasimende uphiwa imodeli emabhayisikili ezifana ne disc amabhuleki nesivinini inkinobho. Ikakhulukazi eziphambili kuzo anemisila injini uphethiloli noma motor kagesi. Kuye Ubukhulu nesisindo libhayisikili futhi ukubaluleka nje kwamasondo ayo. ubungako bawo esiphezulu ifinyelela 20 amasentimitha.

emabhayisikili zabesifazane

Lapho ufunda inkulumo ethi ivela ngokushesha uhamba okufana eye phansi uzimele. Ngokuvamile ungathola ibhayisikili insikazi ngobhasikidi insimbi saziso. Lona Classic imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo, okuyiyona efuqa labo abagada ungafaki umgomo ekunqobeni inselele zokushushuluza eqhweni noma emikhulu. Yingakho zabesifazane ibhayisikili emgwaqweni nge ubhasikidi isebangeni esiqwini noma ngaphambili isondo, ithandwa kakhulu ne nengxenye bubuhle lwesintu. Futhi eliwusizo ikuvumela ukubeka ezihlukahlukene izintokazi izikhwama nezinto, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ukubeka ingane. Ingenza izandla, okuyinto enomthelela ride iphephile futhi ivikelekile.

Ngaphambili, izintokazi ugibele emabhayisikili zabesilisa. Nokho, kusukela maphakathi nawo-80-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, abakhiqizi baqala ukukhiqiza onobuhle ukuthi inake isakhiwo yokwakheka abesifazane. Ngakho, onjiniyela Usufike elandelayo:

- ayisesemikhulu isondo kwachitheka isihlalo sehhashi;
- wenza esihlalweni ebanzi;
- Yehlisa isampula;
- wenza isinyathelo ebanzi futhi ngaphezulu izinto ngaphansi oshelelayo.

Nokho, lezi emabhayisikili ayifanele ezemidlalo. Uhlaka Esilula ayivunyelwe ukugibela izintaba noma bahlakazeka ngemgwaco ngejubane oyifunayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi inkinga yaxazululeka. Emakethe ke yadalwa ezemidlalo emabhayisikili, okuyinto acabangele zonke amazinga imishini yobuchwepheshe, futhi kulokhu ikakhulukazi umzimba female.

amabhayisikili Wezingane

Anqume ngezigaba kanye emabhayisikili enzelwe abasebenzisi abasha. Kukhona le mikhakha elandelayo:

1. ngamabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu. Thenga kubo izingane. ibhayisikili Lokhu zezingane konyaka akanayo amasondo kanye amashubhu, ukudluliswa ngamaketanga. Kuzo, kanye nezinye izakhi eziningi.

ibhayisikili 2. Wezingane kusuka onyakeni owodwa kuya eminyakeni emithathu. It kakade amasondo kanye amashubhu, ngempela elula futhi kulula unyawo ukubopha. Ukuze ukuzinza umakhi wemoto asinikeze wona ke ambalwa namasondo amancane ezengeziwe. Uzimele geometry kuyinto emabhayisikili ezifana kakhulu phansi, iqinisekisa ukuphepha umntanakho ekwindla. On the sprockets, amaketanga nesondo onogada abakhona.

3. Ukuze izingane kusukela eminyakeni 3 kuya 5. Lezi zimoto anemisila amasondo 14-16 amayintshi. Kukhona onobuhle ezifana esandleni noma unyawo amabhuleki.

4. Ukuze izingane eminyakeni 5-9. Letindlela zifana abadala. Ziyakwazi ephelele isondo ububanzi 18-20 amayintshi, ngesivinini amaningi, kanye ezimbili ukubopha (izandla nezinyawo). induduzo Ubukhulu kuya ingane ukunikeza ukumiswa ekuphambukeni ekhethekile.

5. izingane eminyakeni 9-12. Letindlela ungakakwenzi okuningi ukuhluka abadala. umklamo Bahlanganisa ezincane kuphela ubukhulu uhlaka futhi-24 intshi ubukhulu amasondo.

abakhiqizi

Kuze kube manje, inkinga ubelokhu eziningi izinkampani ibhayisikili. Nokho, ngokusho kongoti kakhulu kanye nabasebenzisi, abaholi izinkampani aseMelika phakathi abakhiqizi ibhayisikili. Phakathi kwabo kukhona lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Cannondale. Lokhu umkhiqizi American inikeza izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo emabhayisikili ezibizayo.

2. Waba Nomuzwa Wokuthi. Tales esikhishwe ngaphansi kwalesi sha e-United States namaleveli ahlukahlukene intengo kachestvai.

3. Gary Fisher. Lezi amerikansike emabhayisikili babe esondweni elikhulu futhi Uhlaka ukukhanya.

4. GT ukhiqiza emabhayisikili kulabo abafuna ezokuthutha elula futhi enokwethenjelwa ezimbili ezinamasondo othile ngemali ephansi.

Zikhona nezinye abakhiqizi abaningi, ogama imikhiqizo athandwa kakhulu. Le nkampani German Bergamont. It inikeza eliphezulu emabhayisikili ngoba nobe emigwacweni yase dolobheni. Popular entabeni futhi umgwaqo emabhayisikili brand Italian Bianchi. emabhayisikili emihle nawo owabhalwa Taiwan, China ne-Asia.