Yiziphi izigaba zokushayela e-Ukraine

Iminyaka engamashumi amabili-nanhlanu uzibuse, ilayisense Ukrainian yokushayela uye washintsha kakhulu, kokubili ababukeka eziningi izigaba. Abantu abaningi ezathatha kuqala ezandleni "amalungelo" isampula entsha, ekuqaleni ulahleke ukwehluka okuholela. Eqinisweni, yonke into ilula, sidinga kuphela ukuqonda.

Heritage yesimanjemanje

imithetho yomgwaqo Ukraine wayezuze ngemva iSoviet Union iwa. ESoviet Union yaba ilungu le-Geneva emhlanganweni wezizwe cishe ngokushesha nje ngemva ukusayina, ngo-1973.

Isigaba ilayisense yokushayela babe ingashintshiwe kuze 1991. Kuyinto ngefomu yabo evamile ye "incwadi encane" egqoké ngofuzo Ukraine kakade njengoba geqe. ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet kweminyaka emibili ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa ilayisensi, futhi ngo-1993, abashayeli lokuqala lucky waqala uthole uqweqwe esisekelweni plastic.

Izigaba eseneminyaka emihlanu kuphela. A, B, C, D no E. Bona ingatholakala ku SAI, lidlule luhlolo. Isitifiketi ngokushayela tramways, kogandaganda, izinqola zokudla nezinye izinto banikwa ezikhethekile ukuqeqeshwa izikhungo.

Ngo-2008, Verkhovna Rada ukuthi wanquma ukuvumelanisa imithetho kazwelonke komgwaqo ukuze European, ngakho kwakukhona izigaba ezintsha ezimbalwa, ngamunye iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo ngezansi.

A1

Isigaba ukushayela uhlobo ilayisensi "A1" e-Ukraine ekhishwe zokufuna uphathe izimoto ezimbili ezinamasondo, injini umthamo esingeqile amahlanu cubic amasentimitha noma amandla kilowatts afika kwamane.

Ukwethulwa lokhu kwakwenqatshelwe ukuvumele gidi kubasebenzisi eziningi emgwaqweni. Iqiniso lokuthi Scooters ngaphambili, mopeds kanye nezinye amasu esifanayo singabonakala ukulawula wonke umuntu, ngaphandle yobudala eyanele noma ulwazi imithetho yomgwaqo. Lokhu ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa intsha. Isibalo izingozi endleleni liye landa ngendlela eshaqisayo. Ngemva ukwethulwa isigaba nje kwezinyanga ezimbalwa isimo lithuthukile

A

Isigaba zokushayela uhlobo "A" e-Ukraine ekhishwe zokufuna uphathe izimoto ezimbili ezinamasondo (noma izithuthuthu kanye esinekalishi), injini umthamo ngaphezu amahlanu cubic amasentimitha noma amandla kilowatts lemine.

Ngaphansi ukuwa izithuthuthu wakhe, Scooters futhi mopeds enamandla.

Abanikazi of izitifiketi etholwe ngaphambi 2008, Ungathuthukisa uqweqwe esine ukutholakala ngokuzenzekelayo kokubili "A" futhi "A1" isigaba ngaphandle isidingo lifake Luhlolo eyengeziwe practical.

B1

ilayisensi Isigaba yokushayela ku "B1" uhlobo esikhishwe Ukraine abafisa usebenze ATVs, ngamabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu, umjikelezo nezinye izimoto ezifanayo. Umehluko kusukela evamile "B" kuphela itholakala lokuthi ukuthi isisindo imoto kumele singeqi 400 kg.

Emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni amakhulu we abanikazi imishini zingatholakala kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Lezi amayunithi athandwa kakhulu emahlathini, amasimu, emigwaqweni.

I

Isigaba edume kakhulu futhi ezidumile zokushayela e-Ukraine, njengokuthi "B" kunikeza ilungelo ukushayela izimoto nesisindo esingamathani amathathu nesigamu futhi isibalo abagibeli, ngaphandle umshayeli, ngenani abantu abayisishiyagalombili.

It ewela ngaphansi isigaba we amaningi izimoto.

Abanikazi of izitifiketi etholwe ngaphambi 2008, Ungathuthukisa uqweqwe yesimanje, lapho kutholakala othomathikhi njengoba isigaba "B" futhi "B1" isigaba ngaphandle isidingo lifake Luhlolo eyengeziwe practical.

C1

Okulandelayo uzobe kuchazwe izigaba wezimpahla amalungelo e-Ukraine. Incazelo inezincazelo ezimbili: "C1" futhi "C".

Isigaba ngqá eyenza ukulawula izimoto kusuka 3500 kg 7500 kg.

C

Isigaba amalungelo e-Ukraine iqembu "C" ikuvumela ukuphatha zonke izimoto phezu 7,500 kg.

Lapha kulapho eziningi indida enkulu.

Kungani akakwazi ukuphatha emalolini amancane, kuphela isigaba "C", futhi kumele itholakale "C1", ngoba ukuphathwa efanayo, usalokhu uyimfihlakalo.

Abanikazi of izitifiketi etholwe ngaphambi 2008, Ungathuthukisa uqweqwe yesimanje, lapho kutholakala othomathikhi njengoba isigaba "C" futhi "C1" isigaba ngaphandle isidingo lifake Luhlolo eyengeziwe practical.

D1

Abanikazi of lolu hlobo angakwazi ukulawula izimoto ibhasi nenani lezihlalo abagibeli esingeqile elishumi elinamithandathu. isigaba Kunalokho ezingavamile e-Ukraine. minibuses abakhiqizi ukufaka endalweni zabo kaningi ngaphezu izihlalo eziyisishiyagalombili abagibeli. Ethandwa kakhulu "umsubathi" izihlalo nesishiyagalombili.

D

Abanikazi of lolu hlobo angakwazi ukulawula izimoto ibhasi nenani lezihlalo abagibeli phezu eyishumi nesithupha amayunithi.

BE, C1E, CE, D1E, DE

Abashayeli kudingeka ukuvula isigaba esingeziwe kuya ekhona, uma uhlela ukuba baphathe wezimpahla enesisindo kuka-750 kg ngokusebenzisa i-trailer.

yobudala ziqu

ilayisense yokushayela nge esigabeni evulekile "A" futhi "A1" ingatholakala ngosuku nesithupha. "B", "B1", "C" futhi "C1" - ne engu-nesishiyagalombili. «D» futhi «D1» - ne engamashumi amabili nanye.

Ukuhlola

Ukuhlola ngokuqinisekisa yamalayisense ukushayela yashintsha izandla izikhathi eziningana phezu kule minyaka eyisikhombisa eyedlule. Ngesikhathi ukuvela izigaba ezintsha bonke ukuvula unomphela. Kamuva, amalungelo anikezwe iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, bese amathathu.

Kuze kube yimanje, "izindaba nsundu" entsha ku iphethini ukuhluka. "A" futhi "A1" - engamashumi amabili, bonke kwezinye izigaba - eziyishumi.

Izigaba amalungelo kwi ugandaganda e-Ukraine

Kusukela 2009, isigaba bamalungelo ugandaganda kakhulu ukushintshwa. Okuningi wabo kakhulu ngendlela 7 izingcezu. Izigaba amalungelo kwi ugandaganda kumagama wamanje kanje:

A1 - amandla iyunithi injini 73,5 kilowatts;

A2 - amandla iyunithi injini phezu 73,5 kilowatts;

B - self ezinezinjini imishini yezolimo;

C - eyayimfuqa izimoto emgwaqweni;

D1 - abembayo, ebhakedeni kokuba kuze kube cubic metres ezine;
D2 - Excavator kokuba umthamo ibhakede phezu ezine cubic metres;
E1 - Abaphathi kokuba injini ukufuduka engaphansi kuka 142 kW;
E2 - iloli, kokuba ivolumu ezingaphezu kuka 142 kW injini;
F1 - ibanga isisindo Imininingwane izimpahla ezingamathani angu-18;
F2 - ibanga isisindo ingqikithi amathani angaphezu kwangu-18;
G1 - ogandaganda, amandla injini kokuthi 73,5 kilowatts;
G2 - ogandaganda, amandla injini kokuthi 73,5 kilowatts;
H - neminye imishini ezingekho ku ngezigaba ngenhla.