Yiziphi kuzuba e sibalo ukushushuluza? Shintsho sibalo ukushushuluza ukweqa. Ubambo sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba

Namuhla abadlali professional zisebenzisa wonke arsenal lamaqhinga jumping, ngamaqembu amabili ahlukene. Ubambo sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba lethiwa sibonga inqubo ngokududula emaphethelweni yokhalo. Ngu ubambo ukweqa libhekisela Axel, iluphu futhi Salchow.

Iqembu elilandelayo - Noskov sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba - kudinga umuzwa wokwenyanya uzwane we isikeyiti, okuyinto elibamba eziningi amazinyo akhethekile. Kuleli qembu, abasubathi jumping avame bazenza zonke elingenamikhono ozithandayo, Lutz kanye flip.

Axel

Axel - sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba, okuyinto uthathwa njengomgcini bemizimba kakhulu isici eyinkimbinkimbi amatemu obuchwepheshe kuqalisa. Jump iyona kuphela ukufinyelela owenziwa ngesikhathi ezihamba phambili. ukukhishwa Lungile kudinga skater Axel lushelele futhi kokwenza lunge ku unyawo lwesokudla ukujika phambili. Phakathi skater gxuma kanyekanye Ufaka omunye umlenze khulula futhi kancane kubambezela nezinye.

Ukuzungelezisa emoyeni lapho axel kudinga rearrangement okusheshayo ukunikeza abutment ngokushelela ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza umlenze. Naphezu kwenqatshwa lapho kuyashesha phambili, lo msubathi emazweni emuva yekuhambisa sandla. Ngakho-ke, lokhu ukushushuluza sibalo kuzuba liyisici esiyingqayizivele, lapho inani rotations ibalwa kuphela neengcezu.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside lalibhekwa axel besilisa elementi sibalo ukushushuluza. Kuphela phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule American Kerol Heyss kuvikelwe isihloko owesifazane wokuqala, owanqoba axel double. Kamuva, ngo-1988, kathathu ukujikeleza lapho into ayengakwenza uMidori Ito owesifazane waseJapane. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukuzuzwa abasubathi ku imincintiswano olusemthethweni ephethwe ukuphinda amantombazane amahlanu kuphela. Nokho, axel kwabesifazane akubhekwa isici kubaluleke zohlelo.

Salchow

Mhlawumbe, ngenxa skater professional kukhona gxuma kulula nje uma eqhathaniswa naso salhovom. Lokhu olulodwa ubambo Jump Ulrich Salchow sokuqala esenziwa ngo-1909. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, abasubathi baqala ukubonisa salhovy double futhi kathathu. Awu isikwele walalela abasha skater Thimothewu Goebel ngo-1998.

Uma sikhuluma amasu kokwenza gxuma, kunjengoba kulandela. Sunset phezu arc ujikeleza ungaphakathi isiqondiso emuva-ngaphakathi. Parallel kule ugijima khulula umlenze jika emhlabeni umzimba. Athlete oluwela onqenqemeni ngaphandle, nomlenze ke centrifugal ewela emhlabathini futhi uqhubekela.

iluphu

Loop - costal sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba, futhi aziwa kabanzi "loop." Ngokokuqala ngqá e ngamazwe mncintiswano isici figure skater German Verner Ritterbergerom emuva ngo-1910.

Loop Technique kudinga ngokuhambisa rearwardly nibonakala esensikeni ku unyawo lwesokudla. Umlenze khulula iza crosswise maqondana base, turning esiphikisa izindlu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ageleza esuka unyawo lwesokudla.

semvu elingenamikhono

Okuvame kakhulu sibalo ukushushuluza imeqo ngokuthi uzwane. Kulapha abasubathi abaningi uqale ubungane izici lobuchwepheshe isiyalo ezemidlalo. Ngokokuqala ngqá nge inzuzo eyodwa gxuma ke senziwe 1920 by athlete American Bruce Meypom. Kamuva, ukuze yinkimbinkimbi isici zengezwe ngaphezulu Ukujikeleza ezintathu.

Namuhla bemizimba iphathwa elingenamikhono njengoba kahle kulula sibalo ukushushuluza ukweqa. Ukuze ukuqaliswa ngokomthetho efanele element ofuna ukuthatha-off kusukela uzwane we isikeyiti kwesokunxele, ujikeleze emuva kokwehla onqenqemeni ngaphandle kwe umlenze asekelayo. Bemizimba enze gxuma kulengqungquthela isandla ihora, ngokulandelana, ukushintsha ijubane ngoba umuzwa wokwenyanya kokwehla.

Shintsho gxuma isigamu-waphenduka

Kuqhathaniswa semvu ezintathu noma ezine Ukujikeleza shintsho sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba kubhekwe isici elula. Wenza ne liyehlisa ohlangothini kwewashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho kwenziwe iphuma kwi izimisele kancane ngesikhathi edolweni nomlenze wesokunene. Lapho ehamba ebusweni elingaphandle ikhaba isikeyiti ngezandla, buhlanjululwe ngaphambili isiqondiso kwenzeka ngasekungeneni gxuma.

ezihambayo kakhulu unyawo lwesokudla phambi kwesokunxele bese eqondisa kwedolo bent, unga Ukujikeleza bekulula kwesigamu-waphenduka. Kulokhu, ezandleni ukwenza njenge buoyancy.

Ukuze uguqule gxuma akuyona waphula, kusukela izinyawo ukushintsha umuzwa wokwenyanya, kubalulekile ukuzama ukumisa isikhashana in limbo. Ngokuphelele umlenze kwesokunxele waqonda kuphela gxuma.

flip

Isici sesibili eyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kweqembu Noskova sibalo ukushushuluza kuzuba kuyinto flip. Igama lento sitholwa ngenxa ukuchofoza isici ukuzwa abasubathi phakathi kokusebenzisa yayo. flip Kathathu wokuqala wenza maphakathi nawo-70s. Ngeshwa, gxuma quadruple e sibalo ngezicathulo nje ubani futhi akazange athumele.

Ukwenza kudinga indlela flip maqondana langemuva, okugxile onqenqemeni engaphakathi umlenze asekelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, khulula umlenze Sock hits phansi, emva kwalokho kukhona umuzwa wokwenyanya nge Ukujikeleza emuva waligingqa ukuphuma.

Lutz

bemizimba Professional Lutz kubhekwa njengento nzima kakhulu matemu Noskova gxuma. Isici sokuqala oluye lwaboniswa Austrian Aloizom Luttsom msubathi imincintiswano international ngo-1913. Lokhu kwathatha iminyaka engaba eziyishumi ukufunda bemizimba enze Lutz double futhi kathathu. Kuyinto ephawulekayo, kodwa isikwele walalela American Brandon Mroz eyikhulu ngemva ukubukeka i-elementi e umkhuba yokuncintisana.

Le nqubo ye-isici ebhokisini phezu unyawo lwesobunxele khulula umlenze Sock ukugxila ice. Inzuzo kwenzeka kanyekanye ne ngokuthinta phambi pad isikeyiti ngenxa ukunyakaza ngokushesha ezihlakaleni esifubeni. Ukusebenzisa i-osebenzisa ambalwa ohlangothini esiphikisa, athlete uncika unyawo lwesokudla ukufinyelela emuva ukuphuma.

Ngenxa yalokho,

Jumping - iningi ilungu engalibaleki sibalo ukushushuluza. Lokho Ukujikeleza flight iyingxenye enkulu uhlelo yesimanje mncintiswano. stunts ekhungathekisayo Jump hhayi kuphela ukwenza izilaleli ukuthethisa ukwesaba, kodwa futhi ukuzizwa injabulo adrenaline ekuqhumeni.

Kuqondwe art ukwenza gxuma eziyisisekelo izakhi, athlete uthola isici esihlukile ngokuphelele isiyalo ezemidlalo, ukushintsha umbono wakho izinhlelo ezikhona, futhi umbono walo siqu ku isimiso sokwahlulela tonkhe tincenye tekuhlola.