Yuri Zavadsky: Biography, ukuphila siqu, Filmography. Zavadsky Yury Alexandrovich - Umculi Yabantu ye-USSR

Yuri Zavadsky akazalwanga ngo umndeni lezinceku ahlukile, uyise ukukhonza ngokwethembeka okuhle, wathola isikhundla Collegiate zekhotho owanikeza ilungelo yezikhulu. Alexander Frantsevich has bass esihle - bekubonakala ngisho ababemenyelwe Bolshoi Theatre, kodwa wakhetha isevisi isikhulu onokwethenjelwa futhi wahlabelela ngesikhathi umndeni ekhaya amakhonsathi. Wahamba unina ikusasa umqondisi odumile, umfundi wangaphambilini we-Moscow Conservatory.

Happy esakhula

Umndeni kwakufanele ekhaliphile, friendly futhi mkhulu kakhulu - wahlala phakathi edolobheni laseMoscow efulethini Umkhulu ezinkulu. Yuri Zavadsky wazalwa ngo-1894. Izingane emkhayeni ayemathathu wabo ehamba ekhulekelwa futhi etotoswayo, futhi ikakhulukazi - umfana wayemuhle futhi uhlakaniphile. Abanye ababephila amangalelwe wahlala ichithekile ngokushesha futhi ngomdlandla ingane eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala. Lena imibono evumelana nombono wazo. Yuri Alexandrovich bafundelwa engcono eMoscow esikoleni - lesishiyagalolunye. Lo mfana generously endowed - kahle ngesineke, kwadingeka ngaphandle ukubukeka shiny izibalo kwezobuciko, wanikwa ulimi ezinhle - ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, lapho yingcweti kahle isiFulentshi ngesiNgisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusobala ukuthi kuchazwe ngomdlandla: baqala drawing and drama club.

Inhlebo nezici

Kukho konke ukuphila kwami Yuri Zavadsky devotedly uyakuthanda izincwadi abanye bama kwelokuthi encwadini, lapho aqala khona ukuthandana njengoba inkanuko nabesifazane, kodwa baqhubeka bethembekile ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngaye, njengoba kungekho omunye, kwakukhona okuningi ezinganekwaneni nenhlebo - ke kumane kuqinisekisa ukuthi lomuntu ayeyilo egqamile futhi ethandwa. Ungalokothi ubahlebe kwalabo abangamazi umona. Kodwa kwakukhona izici iyafaneleka bona ikakhulukazi kwakungekaNkulunkulu Faine Ranevskoy, okuyinto ilingana ithalente lakhe futhi uyabahlonipha abantu ngobuqotho kuye, owesifazane Liyindawo behlakaniphile futhi bahlakaniphe kangakanani, ayenamandla okukwenza ngisho Ukubuyekeza uthukuthele. Yena kungokwalabo umusho owazalwa Yuri Zavadsky e ijazi raccoon. Kwaba njalo ngempela, yena waba darling fortune. Wabuye kungokwalabo ubeke amazwana sihloko yakhe "Mina - iKhomanisi" eshicilelwe ephephandabeni kazwelonke. Wafaka Isiboniso elilinganayo phakathi lesi sitatimende futhi umqondisi abakhaliphile eyabonakala on emphemeni, wayevuse izandla zabo ezulwini, wamemeza, "Mina -. Usomkhathi" Ukwazi ulimi lwayo abukhali nokunakwa wakhe kukho, Yuri Aleksandrovich ngokuvamile nesithakazelo - "Awu, kuyini okuphansi kwesandla sakho uthi ngami Faina?"

intsha Okuthandayo

Wangena eMoscow University e-Faculty of Law, it is, isimiso, uthatha eziningi, kodwa hhayi kuye. Phakathi nale minyaka, yena ube ngumngani Pavlom Antokolskim, ujwayelene cishe bonke abamele abavelele ezithakazelisayo eMoscow art. Paul G. Nokho, wamethula Marina Tsvetaeva, waziyisa studio Vakhtangov, njengoba umklami graphic. Futhi lapho, futhi kukhona uthandeka, handsome yaqashelwa - Marina Tsvetaeva othandweni naye, futhi ngo-studio Vakhtangov ke emva kwesikhashana ithole indima yakhe yokuqala. Ukungakwazi lwaya isikhathi eside Zavadsky imbongi abazinikezele umjikelezo izinkondlo ngokuthi "Usomahlaya." It kungokwalabo ibinzana wakhe sacramental ephindwa eziningi waphuma wesifazane - "Wena abayizikhohlwa ngakho, Nokho ongenakulibaleka ... "

angenakuvinjwa handsome

Yuri Zavadsky futhi Marina Tsvetaeva wahlangana ngo-1918. Wayengakwazi ukuhileleka, futhi ukhulume ngomdlandla ukuba lokulibala, bese umuzwa ayezama ukumbalekela izinkondlo. Futhi ubuhle lapha ezinjalo - bubuhle, ubude nenhle, wayekubheka njengendlela zasendulo grey Ilokhi e curls segolide esemncane ezinjalo kuba abesifazane maddening nokuncane ngomdlandla. Balding, nayo yahlabeka angenakuvinjwa, futhi ngokuphelele basebenzisa isiphiwo yakhe yokuyenga nento, lobuhle nokubukeka futhi ikhono bagqoke waligcina kuze izinsuku zakhe zokugcina - engu-70 ubudala wabheka mkhulu jini isudi, okuyinto besembalwa eMoscow. 14 izinkondlo amahle ngothando, izwe imbongi edumile abazinikezele Yu Zavadsky lwezimpahla igama lakhe Serebryany leminyaka. Empeleni, e-studio Evgeniya Vahtangova wazalelwa futhi uthando lwakhe yamabhayisikobho nangaphansi umbono enokuhlangenwe nakho ekukhalipheni ngale kwalezi zindonga, wabhala inombolo lokudlalwayo, okuyinto, ngokusho kwabanye, zanikezelwa Yuri Zavadsky.

Uphinde abanamakhono!

Iqhaza yokuqala enkulu bomuntu omdala Anthony ngokushesha wenza Yu Zavadsky darling yamabhayisikobho eMoscow. Umdlalo M. Maeterlinck sika "Isimangaliso St Anthony" in the uhlelo lwesibili wenza Evgeniem Vahtangovym nge Yu Zavadsky, okuyinto kuyabonakala ukugudlisela ukuthi kudabukisa kangakanani kwakuyisiqalo nje kuphela ngendlela kodwa uqondisa umsebenzi. Njengoba umculi kanye nomqondisi Zavadsky Yury Alexandrovich wazama isandla sakhe kule play P. Antokolsky "Ukwendiselana ephusheni." Futhi ke kwafika enkazimulweni, asemngceleni yokukhulekela. Ngo-1933, yena udlala Calaf e "Turandot" ukusihlela kusengaphambili Evgeniya Vahtangova. umdlalo yaKhe uyaqiniseka abagxeki ukuba khona undoubted ukuthatha isinyathelo sakhe ithalente. Futhi ukuthandwa izilaleli kwakusobala kangangokuthi isithombe wakhe uvele indima Calaf ku iimbumbeko futhi wrappers amaswidi.

Theatre, futhi kuphela yaseshashalazini

Sinenkosi choice emkhatsini yaseshashalazini kanye Umdwebo kwenziwe, nakuba samnikeza ithemba, futhi abaculi ababemenyelwe esikoleni umfundi P. Kelin iqhaza nemibukiso yabo. Ngo-1922 uyafa uthisha wakhe ozithandayo Evgeny Vakhtangov, futhi Zavadsky Yury Alexandrovich akhethwe yithimba okudala 3 eMoscow Art Theatre (studio Vakhtangov) ilungu Arts Council. Kodwa umlingisi kakade waqaphela njalo bakhangwa imisebenzi umqondisi nokufundisa.

Qala oqondisa umsebenzi

Futhi ngo-1924 ubeka ukusebenza yakhe yokuqala "Ukushada" N. V Gogolya. Wayesebenza kuso ngenkuthalo engako nokuzinikela futhi wajabula ngakho umphumela waba ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, ngaphambi nje kokushona kwakhe, wambiza ukukhiqizwa yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke. Kodwa ngesikhathi yena yanikezelwa ukusebenza kwakhe we imiklomelo esiphezulu Motherland. Babebaningi kakhulu ukuthi idlala ngothando ngokucacile, esabe ukugqoka zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenxa amandla adonsela phansi. zesiteji yakhe yomsebenzi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi bangobani labo ngandlela-thile nesithakazelo ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Kodwa sinyathelo indima yakhe ngalezo zikhathi - Chatsky futhi Bala Almaviva - Ufake Isikhwama segolide kweSoviet yaseshashalazini esikoleni. indima yakhe bezilokhu phelelisa kufike emniningwaneni wokugcina, babehlale ukwethula ezimangaza ezicashile kanye lathathwa Vakhtangov ecacile kwengaphandle.

uthisha brilliant

Ngonyaka DEBUT yakhe directorial, wavula studio yakhe siqu, okuyinto eyaba ngo-1927 studio yaseshashalazini, eyayiholwa kuze 1936. Amagama abafundi bakhe bonke bazi - lokhu izithombe waseshashalazini V P. Maretskaya futhi R. J. Plyatt, N. D. Mordvinov futhi PV Massalsky. Ngo-YA (Lena isidlaliso sakhe njalo) kwaba khona inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, kodwa kwakungeyona scene enkulu, lapho ephupha. Ngo-1932, wacela ukuba ahole iRed Army Theatre, lapho ayesebenza khona kuze 1935, ngaphandle kokushiya isitudiyo sakhe. Futhi ngo-1936, Yuri Alexandrovich nge nkundla yakhe emthumile ukuba Rostov-on-Don ukuba ahole elalisanda kwakhiwa, yesimanje, ezifanayo ukubukeka ugandaganda, yaseshashalazini isigaba omkhulu futhi umsindo abampofu ezisebenza e kwakunzima kakhulu. Kodwa Yuri Alexandrovich ukubhekana - kukhona ezinye ukusebenza kakhulu futhi akukhuthazwa ekhululwa. Mhlawumbe kube isixhumanisi yokudala, kodwa wamsindisa woshushiso, ezazisabalele eMoscow. Wayeke ibilokhu isakhamuzi ezigcina umthetho, kodwa ungalokothi izenzo eziphikisana nonembeza wakhe. Ngo-1940 ethiyetha wabuyela eMoscow.

Empeleni leli hholo, egcwele umuzi wesibili

Yuri Zavadsky, ogama biography kulo nyaka liye atehlukaniseki ne yaseshashalazini Yedolobha YaseMoscow Council, athatha izintambo umqondisi omkhulu futhi wahlala kulo ithempeli yobuciko kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Kanye naye baya lapha futhi abathandwa abafundi. Ukuze ukusebenza esiteji yamabhayisikobho, njengokuthi "ukubonakala" futhi "Amaphupho Petersburg" by F. M. Dostoevskomu, ke wathola imiklomelo uhulumeni. Ngaphezu kokuthola isihloko Hero of Socialist Labour, Umculi Yabantu uProfessor, yena yanikezelwa eLenin futhi ezimbili Stalin Imiklomelo. Yena yanikezelwa oda ezine Lenin, umholi ezimbili Red Banner kanye izindondo eziningi.

Injongo Yokuphila - Theatre

Zawadzki osesikhundleni Yuri Alexandrovich, ukuphila kwakhe siqu okuxoxwe ngokuqhubekayo kubantu besifazane ukuthi kwakunjani Amazing. Kodwa ukuphila komkhaya wayengazange savela. Okokuqala, wayengumuntu Bani ezibulala ngomsebenzi, yaseshashalazini wayemthanda kakhulu emhlabeni, kanti okwesibili, ngoba nezinamathiselo eziningi bekungewona ukwazi, banayo ulesisindo. sasendlini zaKhe ezithembekile Vasena edume yaziwe yaseshashalazini e Moscow, ngakho libhekene Zavadsky - "kuphole ke nathi." Kusukela abangane abaningi wayeshiye, inkosikazi yokuqala Anisimova-Wulf kabaze baba lakho ukuma izinguquko engapheli futhi wafunda yena, kodwa ke iminyaka engu-40 kwaba umsizi zakhe ezithembekile. Nokho, abazange ezihlelwe sabhala njengokungathi V Marecki futhi G. Ulanova. Kwaba eyesikhashana, futhi umshado wakhe wokuqala ezisemthethweni - ngokushesha wesula B. Marecki futhi abasha edlulayo indodana Yuri Zavadsky. Unkosikazi, njengoba umthetho, akazange aphatheke kabi, futhi kuye banayo ubudlelwano friendly futhi zokudala. Indodana yakhe waba umqondisi, futhi wasebenza Mossovet yaseshashalazini, kodwa baphume emthunzini abazali omkhulu wehluleka. Washona ngo-2006.

imithombo yokwaziswa

Indoda uhlobo owaziwayo kanye nomdlali wamabhayisikobho omkhulu, umqondisi kanye Uthisha wahlabeka Yuri Zavadsky. Biography emfushane futhi Filmography itholakale kunoma iyiphi incwadi inkomba mayelana nabalingisi Soviet. Kunalokho, kuba Biography futhi Filmography - akukho, ngoba ifilimu Yuri Alexandrovich ubuhlobo akusebenzanga. Phezu kwalo tinhlelo ezimbili okudalwe - "Ekhaya Yu A. Zavadskogo." Futhi "Yuri Zavadsky."

Isizukulwane samanje kanzima ukulubona ngeso lengqondo isikali ukuthi singobani lo muntu. Ngandlela-thile Yuri Alexandrovich wayefuna ukuthatha itekisi, imoto yacabanga esidlule. Ngokwezwi nezwi, lonke lelo zwe wathukuthela ukuthi umshayeli wetekisi. Kukhona izihloko eziningi ngaphansi kwegama "Yuri Zavadsky, Biography." abadlali Soviet, abaqondisi - zonke izisebenzi yaseshashalazini kanye, okubaluleke kakhulu, izethameli wayekwazi ukubaluleka yangempela ukusebenza kwale ndoda ekhaliphile. Yena wayengumbulali legend ophilayo futhi kwaba ngezinga engafinyeleleki. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Yu. A. Zavadsky wayengalokothi wesaba ukusekela umlingisi namahloni umqondisi. Beqhutshwa Anatoly Efros bathola isiphephelo ethiyetha Yuriya Zavadskogo lolungenamaphutsa okuhleliwe nge Plyatt R. F. Ranevskaya "Khona -. Ukuthula"

lodestar

Kodwa yonke indawo, kuwo wonke sihloko ngalokhu umqondisi omkhulu okukhulunywa igama nomfazi wakhe wesibili. Galina Ulanova futhi Yury Zavadsky - inyunyana umbhangqwana inkanyezi igqitshwa nabanye abahudulele kokubili. Kuthiwa uthando lweqiniso Ulanova kwaba I. Bersenev, kodwa umshado Yu Zavadsky akuyona sinqanyuliwe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. Futhi ngempela ezikhulekelwa ukuphila kwayo konke, yize beye bahlala ndawonye akuyona eside kakhulu - zayiswa Kazakhstan. Ngemva kwempi, ayehlala ngaphandle.