Zitshala corneas: incazelo, izinkomba, ukubuyekezwa izindleko. iso Microsurgery

Ezweni lanamuhla elisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kukhona ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha imithi. Izimpumelelo kuyagcinwa kuzo zonke izindawo. Lokhu kusebenza izindlela kuhlinzwa nokwelapha yokwelashwa, uphethwe, zatholakala ngokwesayensi. Ayikho ngaphandle, futhi zamehlo. Njengoba sekunama-microsurgical amasu ukuhlinzwa isibe kuphephile kakhulu futhi kuphumelele kangcono. Izinzuzo zamehlo yesimanje - ukululama okusheshayo nengebuhlungu mbono. Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea, elalikade kwabonakala kungenakwenzeka, manje kwenziwe zonke izikhungo ezikhethekile. Ngenxa yalokho, keratoplasty abantu abaningi bazithole lokubona kwezwe elisizungezile.

Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea - Iyini?

Lo msebenzi unegama yezesayensi - keratoplasty. Futhi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-kwezitho we-cornea. Njengoba lokhu uhlaka emehlweni ayinakho igazi eligciniwe, ezimweni eziningi, kungenzeka asinde kulokhu kugula kanye msebenzi ngempumelelo. Ngemva umbono keratoplasty kuyathuthuka kakhulu noma esimweni sayo ngokuphelele. Ikakhulu donor luvame ukufakelwa corneas. Ukubuyiselwa izingxenye ezilimele noma umzimba iyonke. Kwezinye izimo, akhipha yokufakelwa ukufakelwa impahla. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kusebenza senzeka ngaphansi izinzwa jikelele. Nokho, iziphathimandla ukuncoma keratoplasty kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinzwa wendawo. Ukusebenza kahle ukuhlinzwa kukhona cishe njalo inkinga ka ukufakelwa corneal kukalutshwana kakhulu. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, keratoplasty indlela ethandwa yokwelashwa emhlabeni wonke.

Kwezinye izimo, ukwenza ukufakelwa corneal?

Ukusebenza ukufakela cornea uqhutshwa kuphela ngaphansi izinkomba esiqinile. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela umonakalo isitho kukhona ukuphatheka kabi kakhulu isifo ukuvuvukala. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo kukhona ukuwohloka abalulekile umbono noma ukulahleka ephelele ukubonakala (kancane kaningi). Ngezinye izikhathi keratoplasty wenziwa ngezinhloso ayeyisimonyo. Kukhona izizathu ezilandelayo ngokwenza operation:

1. Eyesore. Izizathu ingase ibe kokubili izifo esiwohlozayo, nogwali ukulimala umbono.
2. Retinopathy. Lokhu kusho labo amafomu, okuyinto musa letihambisana yokwelapha. Lezi zihlanganisa dystrophic, retinopathy bullous.
3. ukulimala corneal. Kungase kube ukuxhumana imizimba ehlukahlukene angangeni iso.
4. ukusha Chemical.
5. Thinning we ungqimba cornea. It ebonwe lesi sifo, njengoba keratoconus.
6. Isilonda kanye zamehlo erosive.
7. Izibazi.
8. opacity corneal. Ngokuvamile umphumela laser ukwelashwa.
9. ukukhubazeka Muhle.

Izimo keratoplasty

Ezimweni eziningi, microsurgery esweni - endaweni kwezokwelapha itholakala kabanzi. Izimo ukuqhuba imisebenzi izinhlaka umbono awavamile. Keratoplasty wenziwa kuwo wonke umuntu, ukuba ukukhubazeka efakwe ohlwini. Ubudala umkhawulo kulo msebenzi alikho. Noma kunjalo ukwaba 3 zithi lapho keratoplasty akuvunyelwe. Lezi zihlanganisa:

1. Eyesores ukuthi babe ukugeleza kwegazi. Ukuba khona izitsha kwenza ukusebenza kwe ukufakelwa corneal ayizwakali.
2. Inhlanganisela leukomas futhi kuphakeme ingcindezi intraocular (glaucoma).
3. izifo concomitant lapho awokuthi ukwenqaba milisa. Lezi zihlanganisa izifo immunological, isifo sikashukela decompensated.

Yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo keratoplasty

Njengezinye imisebenzi kakhulu keratoplasty engenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. It kuncike hlobo ukufakelwa (donor noma i-cornea yokufakelwa), ubukhulu kanye lwesici ukujula. Keratoplasty kungaba nhlobo noma ngokwengxenye. Esimweni sokuqala, indawo yonke-cornea. Encwadini yesibili - ingxenye isitho, lapho ubukhulu xhumelela 4 kuya ku-6 mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwe retinoplastika subtotal. Ngezansi kwakusho esikhundleni cornea cishe phezu yonke indawo, ngaphandle usebe (1-2 mm), etholakala emhlabeni zomzimba. Kuye nolokubhujiswa ukujula secrete ukufakelwa ngokusebenzisa lamellar. Esimweni sokuqala, isici ithatha wonke ukushuba emzimbeni. retinoplastika Egqinsiwe kungenzeka front futhi bakhulise (noma yangaphandle washaya odongeni engaphakathi cornea). Njengoba lisetshenziswe cadaveric impahla isitho donor kuhlanganise neonates. xhumelela Artificial wenza laboratories ekhethekile.

Indlela sokulungiselela keratoplasty?

Eye Microsurgery, kanye nezinye izinhlobo izinqubo zokuhlinza, kufaka ukulungisa ngaphambi kokwenza inqubo. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba sifeze yokwelapha izinqubo ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kusebenza uma unesifo esweni nezinkophe (conjunctivitis, iridocyclitis). Ngemva ukwelashwa, ukutheleleka Kwenziwa ukuhlola okuphelele kwezitho mbono. Okwenziwe luhlolo ophthalmologic, ukuhlolwa laboratory (Kla OAM igazi oyisazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo). Kuyadingeka ukuthola yiziphi zokugula isiguli. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ezinye izifo kungaba contraindication ukuhlinzwa. "Ukuzilambisa Imodi" ukuze babonwe ngosuku olwandulela retinoplastiki.

Su Ukufakelwa corneal

Corneal ukuhlinzwa ukufakelwa wenziwa usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile microsurgical. Ukuze wenze retinoplastiku enze womabili bendabuko ukuhlinzwa kanye laser nezinqubo. Eminyakeni yamuva, indlela yesibili kubhekwa akukhetha ngoba kunciphisa isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kunciphisa ingozi izinkinga. Ukufakelwa corneas has a ukuqaliswa emasu nemacebo. Okokuqala, isiguli sisiba phezu kombhede futhi ukukhiqiza analgesia. Ngemva kwalokho silungise Isivalo kanye neso (sclera phezu konqenqema). Esigabeni esilandelayo - ukususwa isitho ezilimele noma ingxenye (lokhu kwenziwa laser noma insimbi kuhlinzwa). Ngaphezu kwalokho kwenziwe ukufakelwa corneal. Isigaba sokugcina kuhilela ukuhlolwa welds, ukuhlolwa i-khona izinkinga.

Isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngesikhathi keratoplasty

Emva ukufakelwa, isiguli cornea kumele okungenani ibe izinhlamvu eziningana amahora ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isiguli sokuya ekhaya kube kufanele bahlolwe ngu kudokotela wezifo zamehlo. It is ibuye Kunconywa emva kokuhlinzwa umnene ku iso (umthwalo ubuncane uhlaka umbono). Uma kuhlinzwa ukulungiswa sutures ziyasuswa ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa (unyaka owodwa). yezinkinga Okungenzeka keratoplasty - is ukopha, ukuvuvukala, ukufakelwa ukwenqatshwa. Kulezi zimo lapho ukungakhululeki, photophobia, ukulunywa nokunye. D. Noma yimuphi izimpawu imbangela yokudluliselwa esiphuthumayo kudokotela wezifo zamehlo.

corneal ukufakelwa amehlo: Izibuyekezo Ochwepheshe

Ngokusho odokotela retinoplastika indlela ephephile nephumelelayo zokululama. Kunconywa okwazo zonke iziguli kungekho contraindications. Iziguli weneliseka msebenzi. Vision siqhubeka emva ukufakelwa iminyaka eminingi, kanye nezinkinga ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Okwamanje, i-laser ayethanda kubhekwa ukufakela cornea. Izindleko wokusebenza incike kukhethwa imitholampilo. Intengo Isilinganiso ruble ayizigidi 50-70 oyedwa iso. Lapho ukhetha yokufakelwa ukufakelwa izindleko kabili.