A ihabhu - kuyini? Wendabuko Russian yomculo enezintambo zomculo zasendulo

Musical instrument ihabhu - kuyini? It kungokwalabo uhlobo ezinezintambo. A ihabhu - ithuluzi lasendulo, ijwayelekile eziningi ukuze kwakheke inganekwane. Kodwa ezikhathini zanamuhla ke umsindo ungezwakala ikakhulukazi wezinsimbi, play abantu ngamakhasimende umculo Slavic. Nakuba-ke namanje asekhona amanye izingcweti abanamakhono abakghona kukhishwe umculo kusukela kule wensimbi lasendulo.

Mhla bedalwa ihabhu?

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wonke umuntu wezwa ihabhu. Yiziphi? Lena engavamile insimbi yomculo lasendulo. Ezikhathini zangaphambili, ngokuvamile umsindo wawuzwakala besezindlwaneni zokulinda emzaneni. Mayelana leli thuluzi, kukhona zinganekwane eziningi futhi sicaphune izinganekwane. Ukuze ihabhu okokuqala okukhulunywa ngonyaka 591. Kodwa usuku oluthé xaxa kwendalo walesi insimbi yomculo alikho yimuphi umthombo.

Umlando omncane

A ihabhu - kuyini? Kuyinto insimbi yomculo lasendulo eyadlalwa abahluthula. Kodwa lapho ivela - alwaziwa. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningi. Omunye wabo - ihabhu ezakhiwe umnsalo zomculo zasendulo. Kwakuyisikhathi insimbi Folk, kunalokho zazingavumi kahle futhi bengenalo odumile cishe kuwo wonke amazwe. Ukweseka lokhu version ungakwazi ukwengeza ukuthi lokhu string umnsalo zomculo ngokuthi "Ihabhu". Kodwa, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ungomunye nje yemibono eminingi ecatshangelwayo.

Ekhulwini lesishiyagalolunye, ebetha ihabhu lwamaSlav emangala amakhosi WaseByzantium. Nakuba ithuluzi senziwa elomile maple amabhodi noma ngesihlahla sonwele. Ngezinye izikhathi amagama gusli khona kusukela impahla zokuhlobisa. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhosi ayethanda Nemisikhamori maple. Kodwa lapho saqala ukoma izintambo ihabhu nensimbi (isithombe adle nabo lesi sihloko) sabizwa ngokuthi "zvonchatye".

A ezinzima futhi ezithakazelisayo isiphetho insimbi yomculo

Isiphetho nomlando "ukukhula" nogubhu, kuhlobene olubabazekayo Folk isiko. imfihlo yokwenza insimbi yomculo yakhipha eminyaka. Izingoma futhi tunes ngehabhu ukuthandwa yibo bonke: kokubili abavamile namakhosi. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile Guslar (noma umbethi wogubhu) waqala futhi bayoshushiswa. Futhi hhayi indima yokugcina idlalwa engathandeki isosha esihlatshelelwayo mayelana ke uhulumeni.

Kushintshwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nomzimba design namahabhu iye yashintshwa asendabeni ukucutshungulwa ubuchwepheshe kanye varnishing. Kushintshwe futhi ngombala zokuhlobisa. Futhi ngenxa wamazwe ihabhu yomculo yaphenduka wobuciko nangomsindo eliyingqayizivele futhi ecebile.

incazelo nogubhu

Archeologists usathola ihabhu ubudala Russian, okuyinto esukela emuva 11-13 eminyaka. Amathuluzi kutholakele Poland neRussia. Zonke namahabhu ube izingxenye ezivamile: strings, inombolo Kolkova, umzimba umgodi futhi ibhuloho. Kodwa ukuma nendawo ekuyo ingase ibe khona ehlukile.

izinhlobo nogubhu

Ngaphezu izinhlobo ezintathu zomculo bekha, kwakukhona ikhibhodi yesimanje asebenzisa Mechanics. Uma ucindezela izintambo evulekile, futhi ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuthola imisindo efanele. Ebetha ihabhu sekulula kakhulu. Futhi wonke amathuluzi ubudala zihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana:

• Isigqoko. Igama wanikezwa sangaphandle ithuluzi engqondweni. Le miphumela okuyingcosana bemivubukulo. Iningi lazo - Novgorod. Ukuba khona e yisigqoko ubudala nogubhu asekelwe nezithombe emathempelini. Kodwa umlando lo mshini yaba ngeyesikhashana. ngokushesha Wahlupheka izinguquko yangaphandle futhi ithole igama elehlukile. Lezi zinhlobo ehlukile ihabhu steel insimbi yomculo. Kungenjalo nangesigqoko nogubhu ngokuthi "Psalter". Bona babesebenzelana eduze nendikimba abefundisi, njengoba ngokuvamile wezwa emasontweni.
• Engenamaphiko nehabhu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ihabhu wanyamalala umdlalo iwindi. Lolu hlobo lwe-ithuluzi uselokhu kuze kube namuhla. ihabhu okunjalo - kohlobo ehlukile. Kungenjalo, bebizwa kantele.
• Wing-ihabhu (isithombe adle nabo lesi sihloko). It is a ithuluzi nge mafutha-to (ngenye kokle). Otkrylok - izinhlayiya emihle kule ezezindlu, i "ebaleni lokudlala" ezengeziwe, okutshengisa umsindo. It imele inombolo Kolkova. Lezi namahabhu Kwasakazwa kusuka 14-15 eminyaka. futhi kuvamile kunezinye izinhlobo amathuluzi. Futhi igama "iphiko" wanikezwa gusli ngenxa ifomu zangaphandle. Kwakumelwe ethandwa ezindaweni asemngceleni Finland, emazweni aseBaltic kanye Karelia.
• Stolovidnye (bekha). Lezi amathuluzi kakhulu zvonchatyh nzima zensimbi izintambo. Kwaze stolovidnyh kungenziwa yayithathe kusukela izingcezu 55 kuya ku-66. Okokuqala, isikali kwaba diatonic, ihabhu chromatique wabonakala. Bamehlisa izintambo kancane ngaphansana bekha string amathuluzi. Lolu shintsho baba etholakalayo imisebenzi eziyinkimbinkimbi polyphonic.

A ihabhu ezikhathini zanamuhla

A ihabhu - kuyini? Kuyinto insimbi yomculo edume lasendulo. Ezikhathini zanamuhla cishe yonke weqembu lomculo wezinsimbi. izwi nogubhu unikeza jikelele umsindo umbala eliyingqayizivele futhi ukunambitheka. Inzalo kule insimbi yomculo eminyakeni yamuva liye landa kakhulu. Kwakukhona Guslar yesimanje efuna ukuvuseleleka ngamasiko asendulo futhi chants.

Idlalwa kanjani ihabhu?

A ihabhu kwakuzwakala elikhulu, kodwa kakhulu kancane. Lokhu kuqinisekisa esiswini izintambo. Abaculi ihabhu kudlalwa lapho ngihlezi okuthile okuqinile. Ithuluzi kufanelekile ukuba ngitotobe ngamadolo ami ngesikhathi ummango okuncane. Vertex yayisekelwe esifubeni kulo mculi. Guslar wayevame ukudlala emi. Abanye abaculi ngisho ephethwe ukudansa phakathi isizinda imisindo kusukela ithuluzi.

Ebetha ihabhu - kuyikhono ngempela. namahabhu Modern, ulingisa lasendulo, metal strings, ezinhlanu kuya eziyisishiyagalolunye ngesibalo. Kutholwe yamuva ngokwehlukile. Abaculi ukudlala ehlezi, ubambe ihabhu kuya esiswini. Kwesokudla ebhekene ohlangothini emincane ithuluzi, futhi kwesokunxele - ezibanzi. Iminwe yesandla sokunene kukhona a hala, umlamuleli, uphaphe noma ithambo. Nabo futhi kukhishwe umsindo izintambo. Futhi konke ngesikhathi esisodwa abathintekayo. Futhi iminwe yesandla sakhe sobunxele ukuthulisa umsindo inomsindo kakhulu.

Workshop & Izitshalo

A ihabhu - insimbi yomculo, womshini izimboni ezinkulu okuyinto cishe ayikho. Kukhona izitolo ezincane kuphela emizaneni abathandi endulo kweqiniso. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi ngasinye nangamahabhu ngohlobo ubudala cishe eliyingqayizivele futhi inimitable imodeli zokudala.