A ingxube odongeni olukhonkiwe. Yini usimende kangcono? Isixazululo ngoba usimende

Omunye okhandlayo kakhulu imisebenzi yokuqedela mhlawumbe abaluphahleka izindonga, ikakhulukazi uma ukwenza lezi imisebenzi ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kosizo ngaphandle. Uxolo ukuba imali wachitha futhi wenza umzamo, uma emva odongeni ezomile embozwe aqhephukile noma impahla kanye akusho asuke ebusweni, okuyinto evame kakhulu, uma umninindlu akanawo umuzwa ofanele emsebenzini wokwakha. Kodwa-ke, yini indima ebaluleke kunazo zonke eyadlalwa ikhwalithi ezihlukahlukene stucco ingxube ukuthi wena uyosebenzisa umsebenzi. Ngakho kukhethwa sokuqamba kufanele wasondela sina, njengoba ngisho lokhu kuzoncika impumelelo abaluphahleka izindonga.

serekhodi

A usimende ezinhle zingenziwa nguwe futhi ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukhethe izithako, ukuhlunga esihlabathini futhi mix konke olinganise efanele bese wengeza amanzi. Kodwa konke lokhu kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi, futhi ingxube kungaba zihamba eliphansi. Ngakho-ke kuhle kakhulu ukuba uwuthenge Ukwakheka ozovela usevele ngenani elithandekayo ingxube dry zidinge nje ukwengeza ketshezi.

Izici lakhetsiwe usimende ngenxa izindonga

Khetha ikhambi usimende kungenziwa kuye phezu odongeni, elanikezelwa ngo-umsebenzi isikhathi kanye izindleko ezilinganiselwa kwengoma. Ukuze wenze iphutha, udinga ukwazi ukuthi olukhonkiwe manje ayatholakala emakhemisi. Uma ufuna ukulungisa olungaphambili lwesonto, kubalulekile ukukhetha usimende-lime noma usimende ukhonkolo. Interior izindonga ezikahle sekugcineni usimende-lime noma usimende Izingxube, kanye Gypsum izingoma. Kuye yamathebhu, usimende angase abe ezahlukene izinga izici. Ngokwesibonelo, usimende njengendlela material isibopho yakhiwa igama elifanayo kanye yamathebhu kuphuma isihlabathi. Phakathi izinzuzo zalesi isixazululo sikwazi ukwehlukanisa imisindo ukuphila imbiza eside ngemva ukulungiselela, ngemva iphele le eqinile, kanye eziphansi. Kufanele kuqashelwe nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusisebenzisa, ngoba izingoma ezifana Site kokubili yangaphakathi futhi umsebenzi olungaphambili lwesonto.

Yesikhathi eside ukusebenza umsebenzi kulula, ngoba ungakwazi uxove izikhwama eziningana usebenzisa mixer, futhi ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi ikhambi ngeke bamba ngaphambi isikhathi ukuthuthukisa ke. Izingxube ezinjalo kakhulu efanelekayo abaculi ongenalwazi. Futhi emva omiswe, ebusweni etholwe amelana ukucindezeleka mechanical.

Uma uzobe ekhethelwe ingxube enjalo owomileyo ube yiziphethu usimende izindonga, khona-ke kufanele kube isilungele nokushiyeka. Phakathi kwabo - the adhesion abampofu ukuba eziphathekako surface bushelelezi, ukungakwazi ukwenza semali emsebenzini ngenxa ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba esindayo, kanye nenani elikhulu udoti. Usimende ngiyakuzenza lukhuni isikhathi eside, ngakho umsebenzi wokulungisa siyovivinywa, kanye yokuqedela eminye ingaqhutshezwa kuphela emva 2 amaviki. Imisebenzi zihlanganisa nesidingo spackling ngaphambi izindonga. Phakathi Igumbi omiswe izohlala umswakama high, kuyadingeka izinhlayiya amanzi crystallization, ngakho isidingo fafaza inqubo yokoma kwamanzi kobuso amanzi, okuyinto inkimbinkimbi inqubo. Uma kukhona izakhiwo sokhuni, nomswakama eliphezulu kungabangela ukusonteka egumbini.

Njengoba ikhambi kuyodingeka amjikijele ngawo odongeni kwanele iningi luzowa phansi, ukwakha eziningi ukungcola, ngaphezu, kungaholela kabi ukusebenzisa imali budedengu ingxube. Kodwa lokhu akulona komthombo uthuli, njengoba uma ukuxuba isixazululo kasimende izinhlayiya bayovuka emoyeni, ukuwela ipheshana zokuphefumula, futhi alimaza ezaziwayo.

Usimende-lime usimende

Uma uzindla umbuzo yini olukhonkiwe kungcono, singase sinake le mithi usimende-lime, okuyinto aqukethe futhi isihlabathi. Okuhle ngalokhu ukuthi ikhono lokusebenzisa ukwakheka ngenxa Ingaphakathi nengaphandle, kanye amakamelo, imigomo izimpawu nomswakama eliphezulu. Ngemva lokusebenza usimende-lime odongeni isakhiwo endows nabo izakhiwo elwa namagciwane, ekuqedeni ukuthuthukiswa isikhunta.

Ukwakheka is sizikhandle isicelo, njengoba has a ukuthungwa zazivuma futhi banamathele kahle ebusweni. Kodwa ikhambi usimende esomile mayelana izinyanga 4, ngaphezu, ingxube ukufuna ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe. Lapho kulungiselelwa ebusweni kwenziwa izincomo kahle noma cha elandelwayo omiswe, udonga embozwe ukuqhekeka futhi ngeke nilithukulule. Uthuli kusukela lime usimende hhayi ayiyona ingozi ukwakheka ngenhla echazwe. Uma isixazululo uthola esikhunjeni, kungaba ngalesi siyingi kubangele ubuhlungu kanye nezilonda.

usimende

Gypsum usimende ingxube has fillers ngesimo izithasiselo amaminerali. ukubunjwa umbala kungaba ompunga, omhlophe noma ukhilimu. Yena seyomile ngokushesha, ukunciphisa isikhathi imisebenzi yokuqedela. Ukulungisa izindonga akudingeki ingxube putty kuyinto plastic, ngesikhathi ukusebenza ke engenzi ehamba ebusweni, futhi singasetshenziswa izingqimba ezimbili, okuyinto livumela ngosuku ukwelapha mayelana 40 m ^2. Ukungcola nothuli uzobe kwakhiwa ezincane, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwakheka uzinzile dimensionally futhi engamboziwe ne imifantu emva omiswe.

Nemibi usimende

Uma umbuzo owabuzwa phambi kwakho njengoba okuyinto usimende kangcono ke mhlawumbe kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi ukuthenga Ukwakheka Gypsum, njengoba nje iye nemiphumela ethile engathandeki eziningi. Phakathi kwabo kufanele ezigqanyisiwe: a ubungqabavu ongaphakeme, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho ukuba ukucindezeleka mechanical futhi umswakama. ingxube lelungiselelwe kuzodingeka ukuba zifezeke imizuzu engu-40, edinga amakhono akhethekile nobuchwepheshe bale okuyinhloko. Gypsum azisetshenziswa imisebenzi yangaphandle, njengoba bengekho amelana weathering.

Olukhonkiwe ingcina

Izindonga ingxube usimende kungenzeka ethe njo. Ubunjwe izithasiselo polymeric, isihlabathi, Imicu yotshani ekhethekile kanye usimende. Ngokuvamile, le ngxube isetshenziswa lokukhuphula heater, kodwa-ke ingase isetshenziselwe usimende izindonga nokusetshenziswa anezikhala. Ngenxa yokuthi olukhonkiwe ingcina inenani eliphezulu, nobukhulu bayo lilinganiselwe.

Ulungiselela usimende ngokwakho

Ngemva kokuhlola isilinganiso izithako, ungakwazi ukulungiselela isixazululo yabo silinganisa izindonga. Olinganise lime usimende kanje: 1 okuyingxenye lime putty, izingxenye 3 isihlabathi. Ingxenye Ungashintsha kancane uma okuqukethwe amanoni lime kuwukweqisa noma eliphansi kakhulu. Ngakho, leyo ingxenye lime kungase kudingeke kusuka 1 kuya 5 izingxenye isihlabathi. Ngemva izithako kulesi sigodlo sokuqamba kufanele elixutshwe, kancane kancane ngokungeza ketshezi nesihlabathi.

Usimende-isihlabathi usimende: ukupheka

Izinto ngoba usimende usimende-isihlabathi-based, futhi, axhunyiwe ngokuvumelana Ingxenye. Ukuze afeze umsebenzi uzodinga usimende, inhlabathi lime namanzi. Okokuqala okuyingxenye usimende amamiksi nezingxenye 4 isihlabathi, kungenziwa wanezela emva 0.1 ingxenye lime. Kancane kancane, uketshezi ukungezwa ikhambi, kuze ungathola nenye ukuvumelana oyifunayo. Kuye sha kasimende olinganise ziyahlukahluka. Uma ufisa ukulungisa ingxube usimende izindonga kasimende M200, kubalulekile ukuxhuma isihlabathi usimende e isilinganiso 1 kuya 1. Uma usebenzisa M500 ukulungiselela usimende grade isihlabathi isamba izingxenye 5 usimende kanye 1 ingxenye kwesikrini.

Okunye nenqubo

Uma namanje ngeke ukwazi ukukhetha ingxube elikhulu abaluphahleka izindonga, kufanele siqondiswe nge izinto zisekelwe. Ephambi kwezinduna kobuso Foam ukuthi likwazi isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, kungcono ukuthola Gypsum ingxube. Ungathenga bese usimende. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi Foam has absorbency ezinhle, futhi ebusweni lemva kuzodinga amanzi spray. Uma une ukusebenza izindonga sokhuni, them is usimende kangcono esekelwe usimende kanye lime, okuyinto isicelo kwi likhreyithi ezimise okwama-tile. Ngoba intengo Gypsum plasters ezibizayo njengoba kuqhathaniswa usimende. Yize kunjalo, uma acabangele ukusetshenziswa of Gypsum usimende, kuqinise kuzobiza kakhulu. Ngempela, uma usebenzisa i-samuntu cm ungqimba wokuqala ngamunye imitha square, kuzothatha 10 kg, kuyilapho Ukwakheka usimende uzobe kudliwe isamba 16 kg.

Ukukhetha nenye usimende izindonga, akufanele uyithenga in inqwaba. Okokuqala udinga ukuthatha amaphakheji ezimbili, bese ukuzilinga ukusebenza. Uma isikhathi setting oluhambisana imiyalelo, ongayithola ngenani elithandekayo ingxube. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isitoreji usimende efanele, kusukela kulesi simo ngeke yokuzigxilisa kungakapheli imizuzu 10 ngemva kwalokho yamanzi. Kodwa uma olukhonkiwe usimende akuzange kubikwe lemali edingekayo kasimende, khona-ke uyokwendlala phezu kodonga ku inqubo yokusebenzisa.

Ukukhetha plasters ohamba phambili ku-abakhiqizi

Njengoba ochwepheshe batusa, akufanele ukuthenga ingxube owenza abakhiqizi elaziwayo elincane. Imikhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu emakethe namuhla nguye ukubeka inkampani German Knauf. Uveza eliphezulu ingxube, futhi intengo for mikhiqizo lisetudlwana njengoba kuqhathaniswa imikhiqizo yasekhaya. Phakathi yokugcina wazibonakalisa 'abavukuzi' eqinile, "Basics," "u-Evnike," "Volma" futhi "Craps". On izinga "abavukuzi 'akuyona kunabayeni Knauf. Kodwa uma uthenga batch esikhulu, umehluko ngoba isembozo 30 kg kungaba eningi.

Izici usimende uphawu "Knauf Rotband"

Uma unquma ukhetha ukuvumelanisa izindonga ngengxube "Knauf Rotband", kufanele uzijwayeze izici zayo. It yenzelwe okusezingeni eliphezulu abaluphahleka izindonga ophahleni, okuyinto abe eqinile. Lezi zihlanganisa usimende ukhonkolo, ukhonkolo, isitini futhi polystyrene evele. Ikakhulukazi iphathwa kahle bushelelezi kwamanzi ukhonkolo. Ungasebenzisa lolu isakhiwo ngokokuhlobisa nezimo umswakama evamile kanye zokugezela kanye emakhishini.

Gypsum usimende "Knauf Rotband" (30 kg) lasetshenziswa ngo ukushuba ungqimba okuyinto ziyahlukahluka kusuka 5 kuya 50 mm. Nge ungqimba 10-mm uzodinga 8.5 kg per imitha square. Lapho ukuxuba kuzothatha cishe 20 amalitha amanzi at kg isaka 30. ebusweni owomile ezinsukwini ezingu-7, kodwa kufanele usebenzise isixazululo isilungele imizuzu 25. amandla compressive ziyoyidlula ukubaluleka 2.5 MPA kuyilapho amandla eguqa - 1.0 MPA. Gypsum usimende "Knauf Rotband" (30 kg) iyona ingxube jikelele esihlinzeka adhesion ngcono cishe zonke izinto. Isembozo lemali ezilandisiwe izindleko umthengi ruble 370. Uma uzobe ukusebenza evele umswakama kakhulu, bese i-primed.

Izimfanelo usimende "Volma-ungqimba"

Khonka "Volma", intengo ruble 280., Akudingi spackling ngaphambi futhi singasetshenziswa ngesandla. Per imitha square ngesikhathi ukushuba ungqimba 10 mm kuzothatha cishe 9 kg Ukwakheka ezomile. ungqimba okunjalo ngeke ome ngaphakathi 24 h futhi isitini, Gypsum noma usimende ukhonkolo, ukhonkolo noma gazoblok ingasetshenziswa njengendlela surface olunzima. Thuthukisa usuku lokulungisela yesixazululo kufanele kube imizuzu 45. Usimende ngenxa olungaphambili lwesonto umsebenzi "Volma", lapho intengo kwamukelekile ngempela, alisetshenziswa. ungqimba osetshenziswayo kungaba kusuka 5 kuya ku-60 mm.