Amakhowe kabili: uju ehlobo agaric, ekwindla kanye nezinye

Kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule abantu babazi ukuthi abenobuthi ngesibonelo niqinisekisa ukuthi amakhowe kungenziwa kuphekwe nalokho kangcono zokwazi round. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama amakhowe twins: uju agaric ehlobo, ekwindla noma toadstool okhanyayo. Abantu abaningi abadumile (ngamabomu noma singahlosile) baye baba yizisulu mushroom poisoning.

Ubunjalo isenzo izitshalo ezinobuthi, ososayensi baye bazama ukuthola ngaso sonke isikhathi. Thina wasikisela ukuba ukuqoqa wonke kahle imvelo futhi ithola khona. Izazi eziningi ezifana uPliny banamathela lo mbono. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XX, ukuthuthukiswa i-chemistry, ososayensi baye bakwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini ingozi ofayo ukuba amandla komuntu kwenza abantu awushiye lomhlaba, ukunambitha esidlweni esinjalo ezibonakala zingasho lutho, like amakhowe.

ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ubuthi zihlanganisa amakhowe twins: uju ehlobo agaric, fly agaric, grebes kanye nezinye izinhlobo.

Iqembu lokuqala izimbangela ukuqunjelwa. Isidlo sasemini nge mushroom isidlo iphela ukucobeka okuncane futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, kuphela uma hypersensitive, esibhedlela. Isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sehora (ngaphansi ihora elilodwa) zonke izimpawu zibonakala, bese Kuboshwe abathathu - izinsuku eziyisithupha. Ukuze leli qembu eyakhe kaSathane mushroom Ukuthoma mlechniki ezinye russula, amakhowe twins uju ehlobo agaric noma ukuwa (uma ukupheka kahle), raincoats zamanga, nezinye izinhlobo.

samaqembu sesibili siqukethe uhlobo eziyingozi ushevu - muscarine, okuyinto ekuqaleni wavula ngo-1869 e- fly obomvu agaric, bese zitholakala kwezinye abenobuthi. Lokhu ushevu kubangela nokuphazamiseka kwempilo sina. Amehlo ayisesemikhulu, ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo ukubambezela ngokucijile, indoda embozwe umjuluko, ukukhala usakaza kusukela emehlweni akhe. Izikhathi ezibekiwe ukusizwa uzokwazi ukubeka isisulu ngokuthula ngezinyawo zakhe ngendlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Lezi isikhunta kakhulu iyingozi kakhulu kunokuba mushroom-kabili uju agaric ehlobo noma ekwindla.

nezifundo mushroom nezinye abenobuthi luye lwabonisa ukuthi ushevu ukudla - kungcono kuphela wawubonakalisa olukha phezulu isinyathelo ubuthi. Anakho futhi imiphumela ingqondo emzimbeni. Usesho kwaphumela ekutholakaleni izithako ezintathu ngaphezulu asebenzayo. Kwakumelwe muscazone, ibotenic acid muscimol. Bahola ngumuntu iya esikhungweni excitation eqinile, isigaba kofé uhlangothi futhi ubuthongo obukhulu. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela usizo ngesikhathi esifanele kungaholela yokuthi umuntu angenakho uvuke. Ngakho-ke, ngaleso izimpawu zokuqala mushroom ushevu esiphuthumayo ukubona udokotela. Kuqhathaniswa ezifana mushroom poisoning kabili uju ehlobo agaric noma ekwindla akuzona eziyingozi.

Iqembu lesithathu emelelwa ubuthi sibulala abantu ngesikhathi ngemithamo ngisho encane. ubuthi ezinjalo zihlanganisa toadstool okhanyayo, ezinye izinhlobo Stitch amanita entwasahlobo futhi esinuka, cortinarius orange-bomvu, kanye nabanye. Lezi isikhunta asikwenzi ibonise up emini, noma ngisho ezimbili, ngemva badla. Indoda edla - futhi konke kubonakala sengathi into enhle leyo. Kodwa ezingcolile ngesenzo ubuthi usuvele uqalile, futhi into eyingozi kakhulu olushintsha kuzala emzimbeni ngokuvamile kukhona engelapheki lapho odokotela usizo akasekho amandla. Isikhunta Armillaria mellea ezimithi amaphahla noma ehlobo ngeke kulethe emzimbeni izenzo ezinjalo elimazayo.

Ukuhlanza ephelezelwa sohudo (uhudo) kuholela amanzi emzimbeni, okubangela amahlule, Ukoma okukhulu. Ngemva ukuhlanza kungenzeka ikhambi lesikhashana, kodwa izibilini zilimele (nokubhujiswa kwabo luqala ngemva isigamu sehora njengoba abantu banambitha amakhowe anobuthi, ngokusobala yini kokuboniswa) futhi ezilimele ukuze inqubo asibuyiseleki emuva. kuphakama Esline isaziso ubuhlungu nakakhulu phambi uhudo nokuhlanza, musa ukunakekela okuhle kwezokwelapha, bese ulondoloza umuntu engasakwazi.
 

kanjani yingozi amakhowe amawele, uju ehlobo agaric noma ekwindla

amakhowe Amanga ngokuvamile musa angaholela ekufeni, kodwa ingakhishwa anobuthi, futhi ngenxa yokuthi kudingeka 'wazi nabo umuntu, "ukuze lihlukaniswe kwalobo ungathathi Armillaria ukhunta, okuholela ukudla okunobuthi. Amakhowe adliwayo - kungcono amakhowe ezikhulayo ehlobo, bebizwa - ihlobo noma ekwindla. abenobuthi zingamanga, isitini-bomvu nesibabule-yellow. Lezi zingqimba ngaphakathi cap mushroom manje, ezidliwayo uju agarics njalo ekuqaleni ukukhula ukhilimu umbala, ke brown little, kodwa ungalokothi ayoba mnyama.

Umbala amapuleti nangoju zamanga agarics umbala ogqamile omnqumo ne dark powder ezinhlamvu. Kungase kube Umbala amapuleti ezingcolile umbala ophuzi, kodwa esiyinhloko lolwehlukanisa - ebumnyameni umbala spore powder. Akapholisanga maseko ekutshela ukuthi amakhowe esiqwini noma eduze iqembu elikhulayo - hhayi ezidliwayo, amakhowe neyamanga.
 

Kanjani hhayi ushevu amakhowe futhi ungabasiza kanjani

Okokuqala, ungalokothi, ngikuyise ukhunta ezingaziwa, kanye izikelemu kudliwa noma overripe. Umsuka ubuthi babo enobungozi angakafakwa lwembula, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kuqukethwe isikhunta overripe nezinto ezibolile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo of amakhowe anobuthi okomuntu, yokuhlanza kanye izihlahla, ngakho ungahlela uhlobo ushevu.

Uma kukhona izimpawu noma izinsolo ubuthi walala osembhedeni, unganikeli itiye noma ikhofi. anosawoti kuphela amanzi. Liquor kunonophisa luhlelo ukumuncwa ubuthi egazini. Call yakho ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, njalo ngomzuzu extra kungenzeka zinyanga komuntu.