Amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba. Sakhiwo ukubaluleka hydrosphere

Amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba libizwa hydrosphere. Lokhu kuhlanganisa wonke amanzi emhlabeni, hhayi emasontweni nje kuphela uthi uketshezi kodwa futhi esiqinile futhi gaseous. Yayinjani igobolondo amanzi Zomhlaba? Indlela isakazwa emhlabeni? Asho?

hydrosphere

Lapho Umhlaba kuqala kwakhiwa, kwaba hhayi amanzi. Eminyakeni emine billion edlule, iplanethi yethu esikhulu umzimba ibhola emise esibunjiweyo. Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi amanzi bavele kanye kanye iplanethi. Ngesimo ice zinhlayiya esihle elikhona igesi nothuli ifu kuyiphi kwakhiwa futhi emhlabeni.

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, emanti "baletha" lezinkanyezi ezinomsila bangawi bese asteroyidi. Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa ukuthi lezinkanyezi ezinomsila kukhona ice amabhlogo nge ukungcola methane kanye ammonia.

Ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa aphezulu iqhwa elicibilikile yaphenduka amanzi umusi, eyasungulwa kusuka imvelo aqueous of Earth. Ibizwa ngokuthi hydrosphere futhi ingenye Geospheres. senani eziyisisekelo isakazwa phakathi lithosphere kanye nomkhathi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ngokuphelele zonke amanzi iplanethi kuzo zonke izifunda of wokuhlanganisa, kuhlanganise izinguzunga zeqhwa, amachibi nezilwandle, izilwandle, imifula, umhwamuko, nokunye. D.

emgodleni aqueous ihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu komhlaba. Kuyinto okuqinile, kodwa hhayi okuqinile, njengoba izwe iziza aphazamisekile. Umthamo we hydrosphere kuyinto eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,4 cubic metres. Ingxenye amanzi equkethwe emkhathini (umusi) kanye lithosphere (amanzi sedimentary ikhava).

Oceans

Hydrosphere, imvelo aqueous Zomhlaba, 96% wayemelele izilwandle. Emifuleni yakhona okunosawoti ugeza zonke lezi ziqhingi amazwekazi. Izwe yezwekazi uhlukanisa kwawo izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko okuthiwa ulwandle:

• Epholile.
• Atlantic.
• Indian.
• Arctic.

Kwezinye ngeengaba ukuhlukanisa ezinhlanu Isikhala sokusebenza Somqulu. Ngamunye wabo has ezingeni layo usawoti, izimila, nezilwane, kanye izici ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Arctic Ocean iyona ebanda kunazo zonke. ingxenye yayo central embozwe iqhwa unyaka wonke.

Pacific Ocean - kwekulu. Esisogwini emaphethelweni Ring of Fire - endaweni lapho zikhona 328 nezintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo emhlabeni. I ngobukhulu - Atlantic Ocean, amanzi awo aba okunosawoti kakhulu. Ngobukhulu - Indian Ocean.

Izingxenye ezinkulu izilwandle ukwakha kolwandle, amatheku futhi becindezelwe. Sea ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe umhlaba nemibandela ezahlukene zezulu kwamanzi. Nezindawo zokupaka - amanzi evulekile ngaphezulu. Basuke ngokujulile uthathe ezwekazini futhi ihlukaniswe yaba emathekwini, amachweba nasemathekwini. Straits ebizwa nangokuthi i-lens eside hhayi ebanzi kakhulu, etholakala phakathi izindawo ezimbili umhlaba.

ezweni amanzi

Amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba sihlanganisa emifuleni, komhlaba ngamanzi, amachibi, emaxhaphozini, amachibi kanye nokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa. Akha kancane kuka 3.5% we hydrosphere. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ziqukethe 99% wamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni. Luhlelo lolukhulu lwa kakhulu "ibhange" amanzi okuphuza kuyinto yeqhwa. endaweni yabo yezinye eziyizigidi ezingu-16 sq. km.

Imifula notshwala unomphela ezenzeka ayimigodi encane - imibhede. Okondliwa kulo imvula, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ancibilike izinguzunga zeqhwa neqhwa. I imifula echibini kolwandle, ayigcwalisa amanzi ahlanzekile.

I amachibi ayixhunyiwe ngqo olwandle. Basuke kwakheka ayimigodi engokwemvelo futhi ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuxhumana namanye amachibi. Ezinye zazo zigcwele kuphela ngokusebenzisa kwezulu, futhi kungaba zinyamalale zikhathi zesomiso. Ngokungafani imifula, amachibi akuzona fresh kuphela, kodwa okunosawoti.

Amanzi asemhlabathini itholakala koqweqwe. Zikhona in a ewuketshezi, gaseous futhi eliqinile. Lezi amanzi akhiwa ngenxa yemifula nasemithonjeni kokuziphatha kwezulu asemkhathini e ukushuba Zomhlaba. Bashukumiseleke kokubili nendawo futhi zibheka, futhi ijubane le nqubo incike izakhiwo edwaleni lapho agobhoze.

Umjikelezo wamanzi

Amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba owujami. izingxenye zalo njalo kunyakaza. Athuthela emkhathini, phezu komhlaba futhi ingxenye yayo mkhulu emjikelezweni wamanzi ngokwemvelo. senani Imininingwane aliguquki.

Ukusakazwa ivaliwe inqubo iterative. Luqala ngokunikela ukuhwamuka amanzi ahlanzekile kusuka ezweni kanye izingqimba engenhla olwandle. Ngakho, lingena umkhathi iqukethe therein a ububi ngentukuthelo. umoya ukusakaza bawuthwale kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba lapho imibhangqwana iwe okuluketshezi noma okuqinile.

Ingxenye kwezulu kusala izinguzunga zeqhwa noma izinyanga ezimbalwa kwabambezeleka eziqongweni zezintaba. Enye ingxenye engena enhlabathini noma iyasha futhi. Underground imifudlana yamanzi egcwele nemifula iyangena izilwandle. Ngakho, Umbuthano avaliwe.

Inzika futhi imizimba amanzi. Kodwa ezilwandle nakuzo izilwandle ukunikeza amanzi amaningi ngaphezu kwazo ukuthola emvuleni. Ezweni nxazonke. Ngosizo umjikelezo we aqueous Ukwakheka Lakes ukwazi uthuthukise ngokugcwele iminyaka engu-20, indlela yokwakheka izilwandle - kuphela emva kweminyaka 3000.

Okusho aqueous emhlabeni emgodleni

Indima hydrosphere kubaluleke kakhulu. Okungenani kusukela lokuthi yena ombangela umsuka eziphilayo eplanethini yethu. Izilwane eziningi bahlala emanzini futhi ngeke kube khona ngaphandle kwalo. Kunoma umzimba iqukethe mayelana 50% amanzi. Nge wazithwala umzimba amandla umzimba emangqamuzaneni aphilayo.

Amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba ohilelekile kumiswa kwesimo sezulu nezenzakalo. Oceans has a ukushisa umthamo kakhulu njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo omiswe. Uyena "ibhethri" omkhulu, okuyinto lifudumeza emkhathini we iplanethi.

Umuntu isebenzisa izingxenye hydrosphere emisebenzini kwezomnotho nokuphila kwansuku zonke. Phuza amanzi ahlanzekile asetshenziswa endlini wokugezela yokuhlanza nokupheka. Lisetshenziswa njengendlela umthombo wamandla kagesi, kanye nezinjongo ezenza imithi kanye nabanye.

isiphetho

Amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba iyona hydrosphere. Kuhlanganisa ngokuphelele zonke amanzi eplanethini yethu. Hydrosphere kwamiswa izigidigidi zeminyaka edlule. Ngokusho ososayensi, kuba empilweni yakhe yaqala Emhlabeni.

igobolondo izingxenye - kungcono olwandle, nasemachibini, emifuleni, emachibini, izinguzunga zeqhwa, njll bangaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-amathathu amanzi abo - .. fresh futhi okuphuza aphephile. Ezinye izindaba zika-okunosawoti amanzi. Hydrosphere yakha izimo zezulu, uhlanganyela ukwakheka impumuzo futhi ekusekeleni ukuphila emhlabeni. amanzi wakhe njalo afundwa, ngekubamba lichaza umjikelezo we ndaba ngokwemvelo.