Amaphepha avamile okuphepha komlilo ezinhlanganweni zazo zonke izinhlobo zobunikazi

. Zonke izidingo zokuhambisana nombuso wokulwa nomlilo, umsebenzi wezinhlaka zokuphatha nezokuphatha , kanye nezinhlangano zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwempahla emkhakheni wokuvikelwa komlilo, zinezincwadi eziphathelene nokuphepha komlilo .

Umthetho

Ngo-1994, uMthetho No. 68 Wokuphepha Emlilweni wasungulwa. Kuze kube manje, yisenzo esivela kunazo zonke esijwayelekile esimweni salo. Okuqukethwe kwalo akukona nje kuphela imisebenzi kanye namalungelo abantu abahlali kanye nezikhulu, kodwa futhi nomthwalo wabo wokukhomba ukwephulwa kwanoma yiziphi izidingo zombuso womlilo.

Umthetho uchaza umqondo wokuphepha komlilo njengesivikelo sokuzivikela ezikhungweni zesikhonzi somshini wokushisa kanye nemiphumela yaso.

Ngokuphathelene nezinhlangano zomthetho, izici ezilandelayo zomthetho zikhethwe kulesi senzo somthetho esijwayelekile:

1. Isibopho sokuthobela ukufundiswa kwabamele abamele iNkonzo yokuHlola kaHulumeni.

2. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinyathelo zokudala izimo eziphephile zokusebenza kwebhizinisi lebhizinisi, kufaka phakathi Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi ekutholeni umlilo.

3. Ukusiza abacimi bomlilo ekuqedeni ukushisa.

Isixazululo

Ngo-2012, "Imithetho ye-PB" Cha. PPB-01-03 yakhanselwa. Bashintshwa nguHulumeni Isixazululo No. 390 "Ekuvimbeleni Umlilo".

Nazi ezinye izincomo ezicacisiwe zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komlilo. Lo mbhalo uqukethe amaphuzu angaba ngu-500, ahlukaniswe ngamagatsha ahlukene omnotho, isibonelo, "ezolimo", "izikhungo zezemfundo", njll, futhi ubonisa izidingo zemisebenzi ye-electrogas-welding, ukudweba, ukwakha, njll.

Isixazululo sifaka imibuzo mayelana nokuqukethwe kwezinhlelo zokulwa nomlilo endaweni lapho inani elikhulu labantu lihlala khona, kanye nohlu lwemithetho yokuphepha komlilo okumelwe ithuthukiswe enhlanganweni ngayinye, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lomsebenzi, uhlobo lomhlaba nenani labasebenzi.

Amazinga

E-Russia, uhlelo lwe-GOST lwakhiwe mayelana nokuphepha komlilo. I-GOST iyimibhalo evamile yokuphepha komlilo, ayincoma futhi ayithwale ulwazi olwengeziwe ngemithetho, imithethonqubo kanye nezinqumo.

Ngakho-ke, i-GOST yezibonakaliso zokuphepha, izinhlelo zokukhanyisa eziphuthumayo, ohlelweni lokulawula ukuphumula, emipayipi yangaphakathi yokulwa nomlilo, njll. Ihlukanisiwe ngokwehlukana.

Amakhodi wokwakha

I-SNiPs yizincwadi ezijwayelekile zokuphepha komlilo ezisebenza ekwakhiweni, ekwakheni nasekwakheni izakhiwo nezakhiwo.

Baqaphela ukuthi izakhiwo kufanele zitholwe kuphi lapho zivikela khona emithonjeni yokushisa, yikuphi ibanga okufanele libonwe phakathi kwezakhiwo, indawo okumele ikwazi ukuhlala khona nokuthi ingabeka kanjani izindawo zokubhema, ukuthuthukisa umyalelo wokusingatha imfucuza evuthayo nokutshayelayo, indlela yokugcina insimu enkathini yokushona kwentwasahlobo .

подразумевают и определение зоны ответственности должностных и гражданских лиц. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yonke imibhalo evamile yokuphepha komlilo ichaza incazelo yendawo yomthwalo wemfanelo kubasebenzi kanye nezakhamizi. Imikhuba yobujaji ihlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu zemfanelo: civil, administrative and criminal.

Ku- Code Criminal ye-Russian Federation Art. I-215, 216, 217, 218 ibhekisela emagatsheni athile wamandla futhi ihlinzekele izijeziso ezihlukahlukene kuze kube yilapho ukuphulwa kuholela ekufeni komuntu. Art. 219, 293 azifaneleki kuphela ezikhulwini, kodwa futhi nezakhamizi ezenza izenzo ezingekho emthethweni emkhakheni wokuphepha komlilo nazo zaholela ekufeni komuntu.

Ikhodi Yokuphatha inikeza imithwalo yokuphatha emisebenzini ethile yomsebenzi wezomnotho yonke imiphumela yezenzo ezingekho emthethweni ngokwephula umthetho wokuphepha komlilo. Isigaba 20.4 sihlinzekela wonke amanye amacala okuphulwa okunjalo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukugwema isijeziso ngaphansi kweCode Civil ngaphansi kweziNcwadi zika-1064 no-1065 mayelana nokulimaza impilo nempahla.

Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo yokuphepha komlilo ukuze kugweme ukugwetshwa kwezigwegwe kanye necala lobugebengu.