American umlobi yesayensi Norton Andre: Biography nemisebenzi

Norton Andre uyintokazi omkhulu eqanjiwe, kuwo wonke ngokubhala umsebenzi wami uye wathola imiklomelo eminingi ngomsebenzi wakhe. Kwakuyisikhathi owesifazane enkulu ngempela. Ngenxa ipeni wakhe wafika cishe sasiyikhulu namashumi amathathu agcwele amanoveli, bese ubhala lokho kumenywa kwaqhubeka cishe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe (eshona wayenomkhuba ezijulile ukuguga engu-93).

umbhali Biography

Norton Andre ukuze uqale ukubhala umsebenzi wakhe waba negama ehluke ngokuphelele - Alice Mary Norton. Wazalelwa 1912, ngoFebhuwari 17 e-US (Ohio, Cleveland Idolobha). igama likababa wakhe kwakungu Adalbert Ngokukhululekile Norton, futhi ephethwe inkampani waziphatha ekuhlanganiseni amatshe. igama kanina kwaba Bertha Stemm, yena ukuthi uyinkosikazi, futhi unina kamuva wasiza nomlobi ukulungisa amaphutha imisebenzi.

Little Alice Kwakungesona nje vó komntwana ayenaye, wesifazane ukuthi wayenodadewabo, owayeneminyaka engu-emidala kuno nesikhombisa. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa umehluko yobudala nodadewethu, eduze kakhulu. Umlobi esizayo akazange ukuxhumana nontanga yabo, wakhetha ukufunda amabhuku. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi endlini Norton ukuthi wayegxila. Isonto ngalinye umndeni wavakashela emtatsheni wezincwadi wendawo, kanye nomama Alice kusukela ebuntwaneni indodakazi waqala ufunda izincwadi netinkondlo. Kakade esikhathini esizayo lapho umbhali esizayo waya esikoleni, abazali umvuzo izincwadi zakhe ngoba esihle sesifundo somuntu. Konke lokhu kuye kwaba nomthelela isiphetho Norton abasebasha.

Ngesikhathi ngisafunda esikoleni Alice waqala ukuloba izindaba yakhe yokuqala, zashicilelwa iphephandaba odongeni esikoleni (kwaba umhleli kwemibhalo ke). Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi, futhi incwadi yakhe yokuqala ebhaliwe, esanyatheliswa ngo-1938. cwaningo wayo baqhubeka ngo-1930 Case Western Reserve University. Kuyo, watadisha kuze 1932. Ngawo lowo nyaka waya emsebenzini njengendlela yezincwadi emtapweni Nottingham eCleveland. Wasebenza khona cishe engamashumi amabili.

Wabe wayebuye umfundi uMartin Greenberg iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili (ukushicilela indlu "Gnome Cindezela"). Lapho usuqedile ukusebenza ke, Norton awuzange ecinga imali unomphela, futhi waqhubeka ngokubhala izincwadi, ngokugcwele nikela yena kule imbangela. Ngo-1966, umlobi kuhanjiswe ku Winter Park e-Florida njengoba impilo yabo. Lapha wayehlala kuze 1997, wathuthela eTennessee Murfreesboro. Kulapha ukuthi wayehlala zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwakhe. Umlobi eshona ngo-2005, i-nane Mashi. Yena wayeneminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nantathu.

Ukuthola umsebenzi wokudala Norton

Incwadi yokuqala, okuyinto ikhishwe Norton ngo-1934, waba inoveli wamasotja ", umyalo Prince sika." On iseluleko abamemezeli zabo ngawo lowo nyaka, umbhali wathatha mbumbulu u-Andre. Babekholelwa ukuthi ngakho ukuheha kakhudlwana izincwadi, okuyinto zikhishwa Norton (ithi, abesifazane musa ncela ngaleso sikhathi). Andre Norton, ogama izincwadi eziningi kangaka, ngo-1947, waqala ukubhalela amanoveli eqanjiwe. Eyokuqala yalezi kwaba umkhiqizo "Abantu wentaba-mlilo." Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye ebhaliwe abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu imisebenzi amathathu.

imiklomelo eminingi umbhali

Norton Andre ngoba umsebenzi wakhe wokudala lithole imiklomelo eminingi. Sibala ebaluleke kakhulu kubo.

• Ngo-1964, umlobi uqokelwe le Hugo Award for inoveli engcono (ke uqokelwe umsebenzi "Witching Umhlaba", ebhalwe ngonyaka ngaphambili).
• Ngo-1965, Norton waklonyeliswa umklomelo we-Association of scouts American.
• Ngo-1977 waba owawina Hugo Award ( "Gandalf", "master Grand fantasy").
• Ngo-1979, umlobi waba Prize ka "Balrog" umklomelo. Abahluleli ukhishwa esaphila impumelelo.
• Ngo-1983, Norton waqokelwa umklomelo "Balrog" ngoba impumelelo zochwepheshe engamashumi amahlanu yekubhala.
• Ngo-1984 waba umlobi Prize Nebula Award, "Grandmaster".
• Ngo-1987, waba owawina Umhlaba Fantasy Award.
• Ngo-1997, Ehholo Lodumo Science Fiction futhi fenetezi.
• Ngo-2002 waba owawina eNingizimu-Eastern umklomelo isayensi langemaciniso amasevisi ukuba uhlobo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-American Association for isayensi abalobi eqanjiwe Andre Norton ahlonishwe isihloko Grand Master. Kuze kube manje, yena uhlala yedwa owesifazane ukulithola.

umjikelezo imisebenzi "Witching emhlabeni"

Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu umjikelezo - omunye edume kakhulu, eyabhalwa Andre Norton. Izincwadi ku-ke baningi (izicucu kuka amathathu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mjikelezo uqobo okunye ihlukaniswe uchungechunge eziningana. Ake sihlole kubo.

• "Estkarp" "(Fairy uyathakatha emhlabeni", "Witching Umhlaba," "Three ngokumelene wizarding kwezwe," "I-Web wizarding emhlabeni," "Iseluleki wizarding emhlabeni," "Izinkemba ezintathu" nokunye. D.).
• "Isiko-wizarding emhlabeni." Leli qoqo lihlanganisa noveli "Igazi Falcon", "ulwembu lwesicabucabu", "Toads Grimmerdeyla", "Sand Sisters," "Ifa we quagmire Sorn," "Sword disbelief", "Changeling."
• "Halleck okuphezulu" ( "Unyaka Unicorn", "Crystal Griffin," "Legends Kwezwe Spellbound", "Esilima ingwe", "Thuka Zarstora", "Griffin nokunqoba", njalo njalo. D.).
• Kufakwe uchungechunge "ushintsho olukhulu", eyayihlanganisa futhi "Izimfihlo emhlabeni witching."

Uchungechunge lwezincwadi, "Stargate"

Lolu chungechunge libhekisela iringi Fantasy Ukulwa futhi siqukethe izincwadi ezilandelayo:

• "Operation" Ukucinga Isikhathi ".
• "Mgwaqo isikhathi."
• "Sesha zemigwaqo ngesikhathi."
• "Stargate" (lencwadi yalotshelwa e-1958).

Uchungechunge lwezincwadi "umthengisi elinamandla"

Lolu chungechunge amanoveli, indaba mayelana adventures abahwebi khulula ngubani lihambe ngomkhumbi wakhe ngokusebenzisa ezivulekile wezulu nomhlaba akabe. Incwadi ngayinye isitshela indaba uhambo lwabo nendlela yokubhekana ne izitha yini esendleleni yazo.

• "Inkanyezi bedingisiwe."
• "Indiza eya Yiktar".
• "Ukuzingela eziyingozi."
• "Ubuzalwane ithunzi."
• "Moon izindandatho ezintathu."

Uhlu nezinye usebenza Norton

Yiqiniso, uchungechunge oshiwo ngenhla - akuwona wonke abhalwe umsebenzi wami wonke njengendlela umlobi u-Andre Norton. Babebaningi kakhulu. Ake sibheke ezinye zazo. Ngo umkhiqizo "Star Hunter" imayelana umfanyana ngubani wanyamalala ngesikhathi kuwa mkhathi emahlathini. Bheka-ke waqala kuphela emva izindaba ukuthi uyindlalifa ukuba fortune ezinkulu. Kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuba esikhundleni umfana ayesekhulile kuya komunye, engesiyo yindlalifa. Zonke ukuzidela lezi zinhlamvu bese ingafundwa encwadini "Star Hunter".

Okulandelayo amabhuku ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuze (uchungechunge futhi incwadi uchungechunge).

• Uchungechunge "Queen of the Sun". Yayiqukethe ezifana imisebenzi abadumile ngokuthi "Sargasso sesikhala" nabanye.
• Uchungechunge "ushintsho olukhulu" (lihlanganisa imisebenzi elandelayo: "Imbobo imikhumbi elahlekile", "Ukudingiselwa", "Ithemba Falcon" nabanye.).
• "Veer emehlweni Itshe Eliyigugu."
• "Iphunga Magic," "The Wind in the itshe."
• "Iron yezinyoni."
• "Kukhona ebusuku ngaphandle izinkanyezi."
• "Ama-oda Prince."
• "Ndodana yomuntu lezinkanyezi."
• "Amagugu emncintiswaneni engaqondakali" kanye nabanye abaningi.

isiphetho

Njengoba singabona, Norton Andre waphila ukuphila kuhle matasa futhi wabhala inombolo enkulu imisebenzi, okuyinto nifunde abalandeli eziningi zabuna uhlobo. Uma ufuna ukufunda incwadi yakhe, ukuqala kanye edume kunazo, zingabantu uqiniseke ukuthi wena uyobe othanda.