Antoniy Pechersky. Life of St Antoniya Pecherskogo. Anthony and Feodosiy Pecherskie, futhi ukuphila kwabo kwesikhathi

On ibhange eliphezulu Dnieper shining domes yegolide Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Kwaphela cishe iminyaka eyinkulungwane, it is basakaza phezu kwamanzi ukushaya izinsimbi zawo, ebhekisela imicabango yomuntu phakade futhi ngokugcwalisa imfudumalo umphefumulo womusa wesihle kaNkulunkulu. Lokhu sezindela sasendulo isibe lesikhumbuzo ukuze kumdlali, ogama lakhe - IsAm Antoniy Pechersky. Ekuqaleni XI leminyaka waliyisa uJehova kule ndawo ngobusisiweyo impilo Izigodlo kanye kumila omunye izinqaba eyinhloko Russian Lobu-Orthodox.

Indlela eya lapho kwemukelwa khona monasticism

Mayelana kwalokho, lapho afike achitha khona iminyaka bakhe bokuqala Antoniy Pechersky, ukuphila kwakhe kafushane kakhulu kuphela. emzaneni omncane eduze Chernihiv, futhi ngezinye ubhapathizo engcwele wethiwa elika Antipase - Kuyaziwa ukuthi wazalwa devotee olandelayo ngonyaka 983 e Liubech ezaziwayo. Lapha, mhlawumbe, konke lokwatiwako ngekuphila kwakhe asengumntfwana. Umlando akazange agcine, ngisho amagama abazali emhlabeni yezinsika ovelele iSonto Lobu-Orthodox.

Kusukela esemncane wezwa isifiso angenakuvinjwa ukukhonza uNkulunkulu, wahamba ngezinyawo ku Palestine ezikude bezobona indawo lapho iminyaka yayiqhubeka enkonzweni kaJesu Kristu emhlabeni. Okwenziwe lokhu, inhloso yayo, endleleni emuva Antipase wavakashela ngaphezulu isikhungo ezingokomoya ubuKristu - engcwele Mount Athos. Lapha yayingekhona nje wanikela umthandazo phambi kwesithombe ngokuyisimangaliso, zigcinwa emathempelini lasendulo, kodwa futhi isibusiso sika abadala Athos, wathatha izifungo Izigodlo enegama Anthony.

Amazing

Life Antoniya Pecherskogo ezinsukwini Engcwele Prince uVladimir - zamaBap- Rus - okwenzeka ikakhulukazi phakathi izindela kweNtaba Athos. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana wayehlala ezindongeni Isigodlo, niqinisiwe ekukholweni futhi ukufunda izimfundiso zaphezulu ngaphansi kwesiqondiso abeluleki abahlakaniphile. Kodwa iNkosi yayijabulela ukuthi, kokuba kuphumelele sciences, Antony ebuyela ezweni lawo, ngokuletha ku Dnieper ogwini ukukhanya kweqiniso kukaKristu. Lokho intando yaKhe Wazwakalisa wesigodlo we Isigodlo Mount Athos, futhi wayibusisa monk, emthumela uhambo ukubuya ngaphakathi emazweni novoposvyaschonnyh Russian zokutshala kukhona monasticism. Yaphela kanjalo-ke kwenkathi Ukuzula yakhe Saint Antoniy Pechersky.

Life ke isitshela indaba kanjani 1028, ngemva kokuphindela Kiev, ukuze yilawa ukuphila ezincisha injabulo, akhetha emhumeni igodi egqumeni Berestovoy presbyter uHilarion, Metropolitan ikusasa Kiev. LoMfula Dnieper kuleyo minyaka, iye yaba khona zezindela eziningana eyakhelwe amaGreki, kodwa Ukuphila kwanoma imuphi omunye wabo akazange nezimfuno ngokomoya wenza Anthony umphefumulo. Ngingedwa emhumeni, yena wazinikela ukuba ukudla futhi ethandaza, okuqukethwe ngosuku kuphela isinkwa chorstvym futhi ungiphuzise amanzi.

ERussia, endulo ohlonishwayo zizincishe injabulo, bathinteka izimpahla emhlabeni enkonzweni kaNkulunkulu, ngakho inkazimulo ukuphila ezincisha injabulo ka unkom 'idlayodwa, tie Berestovoy usizi ngokushesha lingandi kuphela Kyïv, kodwa futhi nezinye emadolobheni amaningi. Amakhulu abantu abafuna isiqondiso, isibusiso noma iseluleko esihlakaniphile esikweyoku esimweni esinzima ekuphileni, beza emhumeni wakhe, futhi ungalokothi yenqaba Saint Antoniy Pechersky.

Lapho kufika abazalwane eminingi

Ngokushesha kwase futhi labo ababefuna ukuhlala naye, futhi ndawonye ukwenza feat inkonzo Izigodlo. Isicelo sokuqala esinjalo esasenziwe umpristi ngegama Nikon. Ngemva kwakhe wafika evela eKursk saint esizayo umhlobo Anthony - uTheodosius. Wabuye akwakhile zisencane ukuba nimthande uJehova futhi wabona ikusasa lakhe ukuba bamkhonze konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Anthony and Feodosiy Pecherskie, futhi nabo umpristi Nikon baba ezakhamuzi zokuqala ezahlala Isigodlo esizayo. Yaqala lapho zabo Laurel edumile emhlabeni wonke. Life of St Antoniya Pecherskogo lithi lapho kwangena abalandeli mayelana idazini, yena ishiywa ayesevele ehlala womhume, waze wathatha umhlala egqumeni eliseduze, lapho bemba esisha, lapho esezinzile yangasese. Kodwa futhi konke elaliphambi - esesifubeni sakhe futhi baqala ukuhlala izindela. Khona-ke kwaqala Eseduze futhi Far Caves Monastery, okungase esisibonayo namuhla.

Udumo we ezincisha injabulo enkulu

Ukuhlala endaweni efanayo uTheodosius ngokushesha akhethwe wesigodlo we Isigodlo, impilo lapho okuhlelwe ezihambisana nalesi siVumelwano waseConstantinople le Studite sezindela. Wawunodonga imithetho eqinile ukuhlinzeka commonality yonke impahla kanye ukuphila, kwenziwe ukuthandaza njalo kanye nabasebenzi. indela ngalinye lalisekamelweni ethwele ukulalela, wammisa wesigodlo, ukunquma ukuthi bungenzani. Sine qua non zokuphila esigodlweni sezindela babe Ukuvuma izono ngokukhululeka nangokusuka nsuku zonke, lapho izindela evula inhliziyo yabo isifuba imicabango umeluleki elingaphakathi impela.

Lapho amandla e Kiev weza Izyaslav - umzukulu Baptist Russia St Prince uVladimir, kakade inkazimulo iSt Anthony uye embula zwe Russian. Ngisho ngaphezulu ke luyaqina lapho Izyaslav ngayo yonke nabasizi bakhe beza emihumeni ucele isibusiso yena umkhosi wakhe. The Life of Saint Anthony futhi Feodosiya Pecherskih uthi ngemva kwalokho isibalo abafisa ukuthatha monasticism kakhulu anda. Eziningi zalezi hristolyubtsev ukuthi tonsured ku Berestovoy usizi futhi waba ukuqhubeka uyakufanelekela ukulalelwa kwecala okuqalwe kubo.

I ezingqubuzana isikhulu Izyaslav

Kodwa hhayi kuphela injabulo ukuxhumana ngokomoya eyenziwa izindela eza kubo abavamile. Zazizinde yi ezifundeni nosizi lwabo bangamathe nolimi kusukela ukuphila kwethu kwasemhlabeni. ukuphila OMFUSHANE Antoniya Pecherskogo kuholela isibonelo esinjalo esidabukisayo. beza ngelinye ilanga kuye, ezimbili Kiev - indodana yesikhulu yizicukuthwane okuthiwa Barlaam umthenwa kwesikhulu sakwa-Efrayimi. Bobabili babefuna ukuba indela futhi kungakabiphi wayeseqhuba ukusikiwa. Nokho, lokhu iyamjabulisa uNkulunkulu kwaba nemiphumela engalindelekile kakhulu futhi ngeshwa lonke welibhola letinyawo.

Lapho uyise ezwa lendodana Varlaam postrizhenii ke, uzizwa akukho uzwela nezenzo zakhe, kwakufanele emihumeni nezinceku zakhe eziningi. Ayiziswana abazalwane ngendlela okungafanelekile, wathatha ekhaya emandleni umfana ababebe nesibindi sokuba athathe isinyathelo esinjalo ebalulekile ekuphileni kwami ngaphandle kwakhe, isibusiso sikayise. Anthony and Feodosiy Pecherskie kamunyu wazibonela sigameko. Kodwa wawuyini ukuhlupheka kwabo, lapho yona ngokwayo Grand Duke Izyaslav wagcwala intukuthelo, ukufunda mayelana ukuphuca ukhakhayi umthenwa yakhe oyintandokazi!

Ukuphuma imigede

Kyïv umbusi e kwentukuthelo ezisengozini wayithatha futhi bazibophe izindela uVenerable ejele uma abazange ukukholisa Barlaam loEfrayimi makalahle ukuphila kwakhe Izigodlo bese uqhubeke ubudala worldly pilo. Izyaslav futhi ezisengozini ukuhlakaza bonke abazalwane Isigodlo, futhi thina bangcwabe emhumeni. Akungabazeki ukuthi ngesikhathi intukuthelo wagan 'unwabu enjalo isikhulu u ukhuthaze yi "isitha kanye ukuphila kohlanga lwesintu."

Antoniy Pechersky, ukuphila kwakhe kuzo zazisekelwe kuphela ukugcwaliseka imiyalo kaNkulunkulu futhi angaguqanga ikhanda phambi kwamakhosi omhlaba, kwadingeka balishiye leli emihumeni kanye St uTheodosius nabo bonke abazalwane uhambe beyofuna indawo entsha ukuze baphile. Kuphela lokulabhela inkosazana kwaba ukunqandwa of inkosi inhliziyo futhi unike izindela ukubuyela indawo yabo yokuqala.

Ukwakhiwa isakhiwo lokuqala Lavra esizayo

Kodwa-monk engayekanga enhliziyweni yakho okubi kulabo ithumile naye enihlupheka ngenxa yawo. Ukubona ukuthi kuphela namaqhinga omubi, waze ebanzi ukuvula inhliziyo yakho kubo bonke abantwana bakaNkulunkulu. INkosi akamshiyanga. Ngokushesha sasihlangana emihumeni zonke labo wabashiya, ngifuna ukusindiswa nasolakeni kokwesikhulu. It saqala kuphazamisekile ngeshwa ngakho isimo zenzisa ukuphila Izigodlo.

isakhiwo lokuqala Lavra esizayo - lapho inani izindela lenyuka kakhulu ke entabeni isonto sokhuni kweNyuka Blessed Virgin Mary lakhiwa. Phakathi nale nkathi, kunobufakazi ukwenza imisebenzi yamandla, owenza Antoniy Pechersky. Life of saint ligcwele izibonelo waphulukisa kanjani abagulayo ababeza kuye, futhi wabikezela eziningi zezenzakalo ngekusasa, isitheke emehlweni zabantu abavamile. Lesi sipho sikaNkulunkulu usifaka par abangcwele elikhulu, ubophele kanye ezingwadule torrid laseGibhithe. Noma ubani oye wachitha ufunde ngokucophelela ukuphila St. Antoniya Pecherskogo, akungabazeki, uyavumelana nale sitatimende.

Uyabakhathalela e Chernigov

Iminyaka yadlula, futhi uphinda ukungena uJehova ulusizi inhliziyo ehlanzekile Anthony. Nalapha wakhetha ithuluzi lakhe esibi isikhulu Kiev Izyaslav. Kulokhu, mnyama engqondweni yakhe ukunyundela, owakhiwa yokuthi Anthony kusolakala setha ngokwenqondo isitha sakhe Vseslav Borisovich - Polotsk isikhulu uhlobo Rurik shoka him lapho enza inhlokomo in Kiev. Lokhu zingenakubekwa cala sihlobene nezepolitiki futhi kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Usizo weza kungalindelekile esuka Chernigov, lapho imithetho kuleyo minyaka umfowabo Izyaslav - Prince Svyatoslav. Ngemva kokufunda ngalesi sigameko, yena ezazishushumbiswa Anthony kusizinda sakhe, lapho afike kungaba ephephile ukuze aqhubeke nenkonzo Izigodlo. Ukuze kude wodwa kanjani ezaziwumbile emhumeni ku Boldin Hills, futhi wabeka isisekelo sokuba sekuvela kukhona sezindela oNgcwele Umama, lokho kusitshela ukuphila St Antoniya Pecherskogo, ogama isifinyezo kwaba ngesisekelo lesi sihloko.

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi impilo engcwele

Esekhulile le atehlukanisa ongcwele, ngenxa yokuntula amabutho ikhishwe ukulawula yezindela eyasungulwa. Zonke isikhathi ayesibekela emthandazweni futhi manje lokulungiselela leso sikhathi omkhulu eyohamba sinqunyelwe ukuma phambi kwesihlalo sobukhosi oPhezukonke. Inkambo yakhe yasemhlabeni, ephothula 7 Meyi 1073. izinsalela yakhe abakakholiseki kwambulwe, kanti futhi ngokusho inkulumo yesonto, "namanje ngaphansi ezisonga."

Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, okuyinto isibe imbangela eyinhloko ekuphileni kwakhe, kwaba isibonelo kwabanye zezindela eyakhelwe neRussia yama-Orthodox. It akuniké emhlabeni abaholi eziningi ezivelele isonto, phakathi kwabo elahlanganiswa umlando we abakhulu, abashumayeli abalobi. Kubo futhi bonke abasemathuneni hliziyo Kristu waphila ebhukwinitifundvo lokukhonza uNkulunkulu njalo iye ngokuphindaphindiwe eshicilelwe ukuphila Antoniya Pecherskogo kweqiniso. Amazwibela kuye kuphela ngezinga elincane angakunika umqondo mayelana yonke ukwehluka svershonnyh Izenzo zabo ezingokomoya.