Aplasia (agenesis) sezinso: Izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nezici ukwelashwa

Ngaphandle kohlelo excretory akunakwenzeka ukucabanga umsebenzi umzimba womuntu. Omunye izingxenye zalo kukhona nezinso. Lokhu abhanqiwe sitho, umsebenzi oyinhloko lowo iletha liquid amanzi izakhi encibilikayo. Liphinde abahileleke ngokuqondile umzimba nekulawulwa acid-ane-alikhali ibhalansi. Umzimba ngokuphelele umuntu enempilo kukhona nezinso zombili. Ngezinye 2.5% ezinsaneni kukhona izinto ezimbi. Futhi nakuba ezingavamile, kodwa abatholanga izinso ongaphilile.

Kuyini aplasia (agenesis) izinso?

Izimbangela, izimpawu kanye zokwelapha izifo ezingavamile ezifana kuzoxoxwa ngezansi. Okokuqala, kufanele siqonde lokho okushiwo yile migomo.

Lapho ikhuluma yezokwelapha izincwadi ezihlukahlukene ungathola nenye amabili lwati lwa "aplasia" futhi "agenesis". Ingabe kukhona umehluko phakathi kwalokhu? Agenesis - ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo esisodwa noma zombili nezinso zombili. Lokhu zokugula kuyinto isegazini. At the site yomzimba elingekho ngisho iziqalo kwezicubu kwezinso. Aplasia - ngumkhuba lapho kule ingaphakathi retroperitoneal kuphela umucu ezicutshini. Ngamanye amazwi, kuba izinso ampofu akakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi walo.

Ngo umkhuba emtholampilo, akunandaba okuyifomu lesi sifo ezitholakala izingane. Futhi eqinisweni, futhi kwelinye icala, umzimba ogcwele engekho. izibalo isifo Single nalo enikeziwe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-akhawunti kwezinso kwezinso cishe 7-11% kubo bonke pathologies kohlelo genitourinary.

Imininingwane zomlando

agenesis kwezinso yaziwa abantu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Lokhu isifo ngisho Aristotle okukhulunywa emibhalweni yakhe. Wagomela ukuthi uma kukhona isilwane ngaphandle inhliziyo bangeke, ngaphandle izinso noma ubende - ngokuphelele. Esikhathini Renaissance, le nkinga yaba nesithakazelo usosayensi Belgian Andreas Vezaly. Ngo-1928, iSoviet udokotela Sokolov isethi ukuhlonza nokudlanga yayo phakathi kwabantu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abacwaningi yabelwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene aplasia (agenesis), ngamunye ephethe siqu isithombe yayo emitholampilo sibikezelo.

izinhlobo agenesis

Kunezinhlobo eziningana lesi sifo. The main ukuhlukanisa sifo ngenani emizimbeni.

1. Kwesokudla emaceleni agenesis kwezinso (ikhodi ye-ICD-10 - Q60.0). Le ndlela lesi sifo ngokuvamile kutholakala abesifazane. Ngokuvamile kusukela ekuzalweni izinso esifanele asengozini kakhulu. Itholakala ngezansi kwesokunxele bese kubhekwa esingaphansi mobile. Ezimweni eziningi, yonke imisebenzi eqala abhanqiwe sitho, futhi lo muntu bengahlushwa ukungakhululeki kakhulu.
2. Kwesobunxele Emaceleni izinso agenesis. Le ndlela isifo akuvamile futhi uyazifeza kanzima ngokwanele. I izinso esifanele ukusebenza kancane. It is hhayi bazivumelanisa umsebenzi compensatory.

Kufanele futhi ucabangele agenesis zamazwe amabili. Ngenxa yalesi ezihlukahlukene sifo libhekene bengekho bobabili yemizimba ezimbili. Ngaphansi izingane zakhe kuyaqabukela ukusinda. Ngemva kokuzalwa kuka-ngokushesha kudingeka Ukufakelwa. Yini zamazwe amabili ikhodi kwezinso agenesis? ICD 10 ihlanganisa zokugula ngaphansi ikhodi Q60.1.

amafomu aplasia

Lokhu anomaly kwezinso kuphela eyodwa emaceleni. Inqubo sokugembula ingasatshalaliswa kuphela ngakwesokunxele noma ngakwesokudla ohlangothini umzimba. Ngakho izinso izicubu fibrous ngokuvamile amelwe uhlobo oludala, kodwa ngaphandle ukhalo, Amapayipi kanye glomeruli.

Izimbangela lesi sifo

Kungekho ukuvumelana ngezimbangela zokuziphendukela agenesis kwezinso e izinsana alikho. Odokotela baye bazwakalisa timvo letehlukene. Ezinye ubona ilinki pathologies nge yofuzo. Abanye ukuphika lokhu.

Okunye ukuhlola osekunesikhathi eside lesi sifo, futhi ucwaningo oluningana luye avunyelwe ukuhlonza ezicini eziningana, khona lapho kukhulisa ematfuba lapho ivela khona. Aplasia noma izinso fetus agenesis kungenzeka kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. ukuluthwa utshwala Ezingalapheki, ukusetshenziswa utshwala ngesikhathi ekhulelwe.
2. Isifo sikashukela e omama esizayo.
3. A / izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezithathelwanayo ngo senyanga yokuqala.
4. Ukusetshenziswa engalawuliwe izidakamizwa owesifazane izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezine ngalokho 9.

Izinso izinhlamvu ziqala ukwakheka ku-fetus kusukela ngesonto 5th zokuphila kwakhe esibelethweni. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka kulo lonke ukukhulelwa. Nokho, kuyingozi kakhulu yiwona 1st futhi trimesters 2nd. Ngalesi sikhathi, amathuba nesifo, inqobo umthelela izici ezingezinhle, kuba impela okusezingeni eliphezulu.

I jikelele isithombe emtholampilo

Aplasia noma agenesis izinso kungaba isikhathi eside kakhulu alibonisi uqobo. Abanye omama ngenkathi bekhulelwe ayiyi US, futhi ngemva ukubukeka ingane inganakiwe cwaningo. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu ngisho nokuwabona izinkinga ezikhona zempilo. Akufundayo uphethwe ezingemnandi eminyakeni. Njengomthetho, ngesikhathi Luhlolo isimiso esikoleni noma emsebenzini. Kulokhu, inso enempilo uyangenelela kuze kube u-75% imisebenzi isitho ziyashoda noma kabi esebenza ngayo. Ngakho-ke, umuntu akabi nawo umuzwa yimuphi kabi.

Ngezinye izikhathi anomaly kwezinso iqala ukubonisa ingane ngezinsuku zokuqala zokuphila. Phakathi izimpawu eyinhloko odokotela zokugula ahlukanisa

• ukukhubazeka ahlukahlukene ebusweni (puffiness, ekhaleni ububanzi futhi flat);
• inombolo enkulu imibimbi umzimba;
• azungeze esiswini;
• isikhundla esiphansi ezindlebeni;
• ukusonteka yezingalo nemilenze aphansi;
• offset izinhlinzeko zoMthetho ezithile izitho zangaphakathi.

Uma sekutholakele ukuthi sine- agenesis kwezinso wengane, ukugula ngokuvamile uhambisana ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile Izitho zokuzala. Ngokwesibonelo, amantombazane wembula kwesibeletho esinezimpondo ezimbili, atresia lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Abafana wathola ukungabi khona vas deferens. Esikhathini esizayo, izinkinga ezifana kungenziwa nzima ubuthakathaka noma kulungiswe inkinga yokungabi nenzalo.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Adult njalo wafaka le uphethwe "kwezinso agenesis" ukukhubazeka. Nokho, kufanele uqale kudlule luhlolo olunzulu. Phakathi nomhlangano udokotela iqoqa umlando wezempilo wesiguli, study nezici ezithile yakhe sitholwa njengefa. izindlela ezengeziwe zocwaningo kungase kudingeke ukuqinisekisa uphethwe kwangaphambilini:

• US.
• Urography nge Ngokuphambene ejenti;
• angiography kwezinso;
• CT.

Ukuze ubone ukuthi ukungabi noma izinso fetus hypoplasia okwabangelwa ultrasound. Kakade ngesikhathi Ukuhlolwa isifundo sokuqala, okuyinto enikezwa 12-14 ngesonto th, onguchwepheshe ziqinisekisa egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngemva kwalokho, lona wesifazane ngempela wabele Ukuhlolwa ezengeziwe ukuze kombungu okuhlobene.

Imithi

Ifomu kuphela lesi sifo, okuyinto empeleni simele ingozi empilweni - kuba agenesis zamazwe amabili kwezinso. Kaningi isithelo nale Ihlahlubo afe zisesesibelethweni noma lapho umntwana ezalwa. Futhi, amathuba okufa ezinsukwini embalwa yokuqala yokuphila impela high ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinso.

Ngokuthuthukisa imithi perinatal namuhla ithuba ukusindisa ingane nale egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, emahoreni zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa eyohlinzwa ukuze ngigudluze izitho, bese wenza hemodialysis njalo. Lokhu ikhambi lokwelapha isifo ungokoqobo isetshenziswa mkhuba izikhungo ezinkulu zokwelapha. Nokho, ekuqaleni kufanele ihlelwe okusheshayo ukuxilongwa umehluko nokungahlanganisiwe nezinye kombungu kohlelo urinary.

Sohlangothi olulodwa agenesis kwezinso has a Izibikezelo evumayo. Uma isiguli isifo ayiyona inkimbinkimbi izimpawu ezingathandeki kwanele ukuhlolwa minyaka yonke futhi ukuthatha ukuhlolwa ezidingekayo. Kuyadingeka ukuba banakekele a izinso enempilo. izincomo okuphelele Kufanele unike udokotela ekwelapheni. Njengomthetho, bahlanganisa ukuhambisana Ukudla ngaphandle ukudla oyingozi futhi okunosawoti, ukuyeka imikhuba emibi.

Aplasia hhayi ziphathwe ngokukhethekile. Nokho, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle izincomo zokuvimbela ukuze uqinise amasosha omzimba. Udinga ukudla ngendlela efanele, ukugwema izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane. It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuba bangayeki umsebenzi sina.

Ngo inqubo ezinzima sokugembula kungadinga zelashwe noma ngisho ukufakelwa isitho. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, imishanguzo kufanele ngamunye ehambisana emphethe futhi jikelele isithombe emtholampilo.

izindlela zokunqanda

Aplasia futhi agenesis izinso amakhodi e-ICD-10 zihlukile. Nokho, zombili lezi ezenza ukuthi ukukhathazeka phakathi abazali abazoba. Kungenzeka yini ukuze zingasivimbi ukuba okwenzeka?

Uma ngakususi yofuzo ezifweni, ama-izinyathelo zilula ngokwanele. Ngisho ezingeni lokuhlela, umama okhulelwe kumele iqale ukuze kuqashwe impilo yabo (ukudla kwesokudla, ukulahla imikhuba emibi, sihlanganyele emidlalweni nokwenzeka). izincomo ezinjalo kufanele ilandelwe emva yimpumelelo ukuba akhulelwe ingane.

Uma ungeke ukwazi ukugwema ukwakhiwa kwezinhlobo zokugula, kubalulekile ukuba athathe izinyathelo futhi bawabulale yayo. Lapho kukhona zamazwe amabili agenesis ziyalingana fetus ukubambezeleka zentuthuko, oligohydramnios. Endabeni ka ukuthola anomalies ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-22 esesibelethweni Kunconywa uphelela ngezizathu zezokwelapha. Lapho owesifazane kusuka wakhe wenqaba, wasebenzisa olandelanayo amacebo azoya. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukungabi khona izinso sohlangothi olulodwa kungaba ukuphila ngokugcwele. Udinga ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ibhekane zokuvimbela bayohlolwa nezivivinyo.