Behhashi - iqiniso noma izinganekwane?

A eshubile mayelana isifo alupheli kuze kube yilolu suku. Izwi lomlomo kuyinto Ixoxwa esinyantisayo nganekwane worm lingena emzimbeni womuntu phakathi eyigeza futhi abahlala kuwo isikhathi eside, wadla kusuka ngaphakathi. Popular amahemuhemu walinika silwanyana eyaziwa ngokuthi "ihhashi izinwele" ngoba ukufana zangaphandle nezinwele zemvelo. Futhi, bathi, insindiso lokhu amashwa kungekho, akukho imithi ngeke kusize lapha, futhi ungene amagciwane awuphumi kungaba Sage uzungu, funda phezu muntu ogulayo. Ngakho, kuba yini ngempela "ihhashi izinwele" - Iqiniso Noma Indaba Eqanjiwe?

Behhashi, noma "izinwele ophilayo" libizwa isibungu amagciwane, okuyinto, ngokusho nenkolelo-ze, inyonyoba ngaphansi kwesikhumba umuntu ngesikhathi eyigeza emfuleni. Ukuthola emzimbeni, "Izinwele" ezihambayo njalo, yini ebangela ukuba ukuhlupheka okubuhlungu - ubuhlungu, ukulunywa babulawa emzimbeni kukhona amabhamuza ubovu. Ngezinye izikhathi amanxeba ngisho kungenzeka ukubona worm ngokwayo, kodwa cishe akunakwenzeka uyisuse - ngokushesha uya ngokujulile kwezicubu. Nokho, odokotela nososayensi musa ukuphika ukuthi leso sifo, "ihhashi izinwele", futhi bakubize ngokuthi kuphela njengoba ezisunguliwe. Ngokuvamile izimpawu ezifanayo, okuyinto udumo "ophilayo izinwele ', empeleni liyakufanelekela noma ikuphi ukutheleleka evamile," catch "ukuthi akunzima lapho ngokuluhlaza ageza amanzi zemvelo kuvame zihlaselwe amagciwane ahlukahlukene. Ngokusebenzisa wokubhoboza encane emlenzeni, yena ephuma amanzi izicubu, okuyinto iqala esibhibhayo, ephelezelwa ubuhlungu kanye ukulunywa. Nokho, abantu abaningi kunokuba ukufuna ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa abafanelekayo, sebeqala "sokuxosha" behhashi, bekholelwa ukuthi nguye Wenze "umgodi" emlenzeni kanti manje bakha khona. Futhi kuze kube kungekho amagciwane ngokuphila ngokukhululekile emanzini futhi bakwazi "kuhlasela" kubantu ukugeza, isayensi ongakabi wathola.

Kodwa "behhashi" edume losisebenti prototype eziphilayo. Ngokuvamile ikhono esabekayo - ukuba bazohlala abantu kukhasa emzimbeni wakhe, udumo ne ezilwane ezingenamgogodla impethu ephilayo endaweni evulekile amanzi Russia - Nematomorpha (Nematomorpha). Abadala ukufinyelela ubude 40 cm ngesikhathi ukushuba 3-5 mm Umbala - kusuka elimhlophe kuya konsundu. Ngalesi ukubukeka, yena waziwa khona, ngaphambi kokuba ngisho ngayo izinwele langempela, savuka emanzini. Lokhu isihlava ngempela silwanyana, kodwa "amakhosi" yakhe - ikakhulukazi ezinambuzaneni. Worm izibungu, ngaphambi kokuba umuntu omdala, eshintsha kabili endaweni yawo - okokuqala wethulwa emzimbeni yimiphi dwellers phansi, avame kuba joker, izibungu mayflies, njll, bese ushintsho umnikazi senzeka ngemuva elinegciwane amagciwane inundu badla kakhulu. elikhulu isinambuzane. Kodwa Isiphelo sakhe ivaliwe - emzimbeni wakhe izibungu kuzohlala isikhathi esingangenyanga, ngaphandle kulokhu ku omdala, nilishiye libe, gnawing indlela yabo ngqo ngokusebenzisa umzimba wakhe. Worm uhlala emanzini, ezihambayo ngenkuthalo kuwo. Nematomorpha zinde - akukho kuka amasonto 4. Ngalesi sikhathi basuke abhanqiwe futhi abekele amaqanda ngendlela, ngemva kwalokho umjikelezo yabo yokuphila kuzophothulwa. izimpethu Adult ungadli - bona lingekho ngokuphelele isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Ngakho ukuba acabange ukuthi ukuhlafuna human isikhumba "umgodi" - hhayi ningi than inganekwane.

Izinwele-ehlobo kungatholakala wonke amanzi yemvelo ne emi amanzi. Bona kungabonwa elintantayo kukholamu amanzi, noma uwathole ezansi ekuqongeleleni. Ngezinye izikhathi abadobi ukuze uthole ngaphandle kwamanzi kanye catch. Kodwa eqinisweni bonke hairworms, okuyinto singabona emifuleni nasemachibini - kakade abadala, futhi kunoma iyiphi "aphethe" akudingeki. Faka umzimba amagciwane ungenziwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene - okungukuthi, idinga liwashwabadele isinambuzane elinegciwane. Ngezikhathi ezithile kodwa umnikazi Nematomorpha babe iminenke, izinhlanzi ngisho ezincelisayo (kuhlanganise indoda), ukugwinya yenethiwekhi impethu izibungu, kodwa lezi zimo ngempela ezingavamile, futhi ngoba umuntu akuyona "umphathi" wangempela worm ke uphile isikhathi eside emzimbeni wakhe, wamane abakwazi futhi zichazwe izindaba Ukwesabeka esabekayo ukuhlushwa izimbangela.

Nokho, kusenomsebenzi omkhulu silwanyana emhlabeni ukuthi ngempela efana edume "ihhashi izinwele". isifo sezikelemu okuyinto agent causative of worm yisinanakazana impethu isifo efana akekho omunye esifanelana incazelo "unwele lomuntu", kodwa lesi silwanyana kayilindele isisulu sakhe ukuhlasela futhi badla ngokufuzula isikhumba sakhe. KWAMAGUNDANE kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa amanzi ingelashwa. Lesi sifo asymptomatic kuze amagciwane esefinyelele ukuvuthwa futhi uqala amaqanda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ke ayahamba emzimbeni womuntu emikhawulweni ephansi futhi gimlet isikhumba ukuphuma ngaphandle, ngokuletha umnikazi walo eziningi nobuhlungu. Into kuphela ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe - lesi silwanyana uhlala kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo efudumele kakhulu futhi ayimeleli yimuphi usongo abahlala eRussia.

Kunenye uhlobo amagciwane ukuthi kungabangela nezimpawu ezifanayo ukuze isifo behhashi. Lesi silwanyana Dirofilaria, ukutheleleka engesiyo eziyizici indoda, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka kwenzeka. Dirofilariasis - isifo sihlasela kakhulu ezincelisayo, canines, okungenani - ikati. abathwali zako ziyizindlela omiyane evamile lapho ukuluma, nokuthi kukhona isifo. Uma esegazini aphethe, Dirofilaria ayahamba wonke umzimba, kancane kancane ukuthola ezitsheni ezinkulu igazi enhliziyweni. I abadala bahlala unaphakade e-ventricle yangakwesokudla senhliziyo, ekuvimbeleni ukugeleza kwegazi, okubangela izimpawu yinhliziyo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho odla izitsha ezizungezile. Ukwelashwa yalesi sifo kunzima ngempela, nesilinganiso ngempumelelo kuphela zokuvimbela - ukusetshenziswa imithi exosha ukuvimbela ukulunywa omiyane.

Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, lesi sifo Kwakungavamile eRussia, kodwa manje itholakala, ngisho ezindaweni ezibandayo ucingo. Man etheleleka kukalutshwana kakhulu, kodwa uma kwenzeka, nje kokuba lezo zimpawu efanayo "behhashi". Nge wamanje igazi amagciwane angaletha kunoma iyiphi indawo emzimbeni womuntu futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhamba izicubu iqala sokukhathazeka uma kukhona ubuhlungu, ukulunywa, noma umuzwa khona nomzimba angaphandle. Kwezinye izimo ezichazwe imithi amagciwane esetholakele kusukela izicubu iso, kuyilapho abanye - kusukela ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Awela izicubu imisipha, futhi izibilini, kodwa ngenxa yalokho ayikho njengomuntu - hhayi ngempela "umphathi" ka Dirofilaria ke lokhu umjikelezo wokuphila luphela, futhi isidumbu amagciwane is encapsulated. Ukwelashwa lomutsi amashwa Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa, futhi lesi sifo ibilokhu wafunda kahle, okuyinto ikubeka aphume esigabeni 'wasenganekwaneni ".