Drip irrigation eyenzeka: idivayisi, isimiso yokusebenza, ukufakwa, yangempela. isikimu ukuvuza

Ukuze izitshalo engadini ezidingekayo umswakama. Kungaba ngcono uma uya izimpande ngokuqhubekayo eliningi alinganisiwe. Ngenxa yale njongo kukhona kwedivayisi kwamanethiwekhi drip irrigation eyenzeka. Izinkinga ukufakwa kohlelo esikhathini esizayo futhi uqede kahle okhandlayo esindayo. Lokhu kungabonwa yiwo wonke eminingi Izibuyekezo balimi. It ifanele yokukhululwa eziningi ezifanayo kusukela esindayo umsebenzi wezandla. Ngaphandle uma uchelela, lizwe has a lot of ezinye izinto. It is okulinga esikhundleni umsebenzi onzima futhi okhuthele phezu lonke.

Izinhlobo zalapho kanye neensetjenziswa izinhlelo, kunezindlela eziningi. Bangenza noma ukuqoqa ngezandla zabo, futhi ukuheha ochwepheshe.

Izinzuzo nezingozi nebubi se drip irrigation eyenzeka

Zaziyiconsi alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi kunezinzuzo eziningi.

1. Ukuqalwa amanzi ngqo ngaphansi stem, okuvumela kanyekanye umswakama ukuze kwenziwe umquba.
2. Saving time ngokomzimba umhlali amandla ehlobo. izinhlelo egibele kanye, kungenzeka lonke isizini ayengazikhonzi ukuthambisa mathupha.
3. Ngaphandle kungenzeka iphele ukuphuma emhlabathini. nomswakama wayo uhlale okungenele oyifunayo ekukhuleni kwezimila.
4. Uhlelo sisetjentiselwe kufundzisa nome ngusiphi izitshalo, ngoba jikelele.
5. Ukukhethwa elilungile imibhede okufana wokunisela.

Phakathi amaphutha waphawula izindleko ingxenye izingxenye iconsa kudivayisi ngenkasa :. nokufaka, amapayipi amanzi, amabhande, metering futha amanzi, ukuhlunga, njll Ukuze lokhu kuhweba njalo kuqashwe ngezikhathi kukhishwe ukungcola, kokuhlola ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukusebenza valve, njll Lesi simiso oluyingozi .. futhi kudinga ukutholakala okuqhubekayo kukagesi.

Drip irrigation eyenzeka: idivayisi iphinde Umgomo we operation

uhlelo drip irrigation eyenzeka eletha umswakama ngqo izimpande, ukulondoloza amanzi futhi kuvimbele ukulimala izingxenye sendawo izitshalo. Amanzi agelezela kancane ngezikhawu ezithile, noma ngokuqhubekayo, okuvumela ukuba silondoloze ezingeni kusengaphambili umswakama, okuyinto unomthelela evumayo phezu izitshalo yemifino.

Ukwenza zabo ezandleni drip irrigation eyenzeka: ukuqala kuphi?

Okokuqala ukuvuza umdwebo idwetshwa ephepheni, lapho wonke amaphuzu wabonisa umthombo samanzi okunisela indawo kanye umthamo. Ayephila iphimbo phakathi imigqa zezitshalo. ungakwazi ukubala inani zokuxhumana okulungiselelwe kalula ngosayizi.

Uma futha ifakiwe, indawo yayo kungaba noma ikuphi, kodwa amandla ngenkasa gravity isethwe eduze izitshalo.

Emibhedeni ukuvuza hoses noma amabhande nikubeke ezinhliziyweni zenu. Bazakhela ekhethekile amanzi ukuvuza nezelani izitshalo.

Ngaphambi babuthane uhlelo se drip irrigation eyenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba wonke izingxenye ukunisela. Uma une isipiliyoni, kungcono ukuba ukhethe bebodwa njengoba ukuthambisa kits ezibizayo.

1. A isitsha ngamanzi - emgqonyeni noma ithangi.
2. The main alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi ukusabalalisa ezininginingi okuyindawo sidla egatsheni.
3. Ukuvuza hose noma ithephu.
4. I valve yokuxhuma ngalendoda ukuvuza tape.

It is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa metal iziqukathi, kusukela ukugqwala kuholela odla kohlelo. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka ukunqamula, ukuvuza kudivayisi ngenkasa kumele iqukathe zokuhlunga eliphezulu.

ukuvuza hoses

Amapayipi zidayisa coil. engavamile wabo ukuphakela umthamo ofanayo amanzi wonke imibhede, ngisho noma ngabe Indawo engalingani. Umkhawulo wobude ukuthambisa kuyakhethwa ngesisekelo ukuthi engalingani ekuqaleni nasekupheleni hose akufanele idlule 10-15%. Ukuze uthole inkathi olulodwa engadini ukuthambisa iconsi ngokwanele ukusebenzisa tape kokuba ukushuba odongeni 0.1 kuya 0.3 mm. Bona badedele kuphela kusuka ngenhla.

Ukuqina (0.8 mm) ukukhonza 3-4 sizini. Lemisebenti ingaphindze esetshenziselwa ukufakwa ngaphansi komhlaba. Ububanzi ka 12-22 mm opholile (avamile - 16 mm). tube Ngesandla Esiqinile 10 ukukhonza zonyaka. ubukhulu wabo 14-25 mm.

Ngemva eyodwa ukuvuza kwamanzi ukusetshenziswa:

• Hose - 0,6-8 l / h;
• Izacile-ngabafaka strip - 0,25-2,9 l / h;
• strip thick-ngodonga - 8.2 l / h.

Ukuze elawula ligeleze hose kokuhanjiswa noma ukulandwa othile itheyiphu uxhuma umphini ngoba drip irrigation eyenzeka.

Isilinganiso isitshalo 1 kumelwe athathe 1 litre amanzi ngosuku, ezihlahleni - 5 amalitha zokhuni - 10 wamalitha. Lawa eyabonisa, kodwa efanelekayo ukuzimisela ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele. Ukuze enembile, lapho ukuvuza okukhiqizwayo 1 utamatisi asehlathini kudinga 1.5 amalitha, for ukhukhamba - 2 l amazambane kanye iklabishi - 2.5 litre. Ukuze umphumela etholwe sengezwe 20-25% of the stock futhi inqunywa ivolumu oyifunayo ethangini.

Ibanga phakathi droppers imvamisa zokutshala engaphansi kungenzeka kusuka 10 kuya ku-100 cm. Ngamunye wabo has eyodwa noma ezimbili okukhiphayo. Flow ingafunda akukashintshi, kodwa mBhalo, liyancipha ukujula inyuka ukuchelela ndawo. Embhedeni imigqa 4 setha ukuvuza spider nge zokusabalalisa 4 izitshalo.

droppers

Droppers ingafakwa amapayipi epulasitiki. Bakha izinhlobo eziningana:

• nge ezihleliwe amanzi ukugeleza isilinganiso;
• adjustable - ne ukulungiswa ibhukwana ukushuba ngenkasa;
• uncompensated - ukugeleza izinga lamanzi kuyehla kube sekupheleni imibhede;
• ihlawulelwa - ne ekhethekile valve ulwelwesi nokwakha ingcindezi njalo ngesikhathi iyehla iyenyuka ingcindezi emanzini;
• thayipha "isicabucabu" - ne nokusatshalaliswa izitshalo ambalwa.

weThrojani yangaphandle ifakwe ngamapayipi plastic lapho izimbobo kuthiwa abamhlaba usungulo.

zokuhlunga

Ukuhlanzwa samanzi okunisela basingatha ekhethekile. Kwaqale kwadlula filtration indawo, bese - emihle. droppers Amanzi angcolile avimbekile ngokushesha.

aphoyintimenti nokufakwa

Uhlelo kungaba lula ukwakha, uma sisebenzisa nokufakwa esikhethekile drip irrigation eyenzeka.

1. Qala nezixhumi for axube tape ukuvuza ukuba ipayipi lamanzi plastic. Basuke ekhiqizwa nge band zenjoloba noma ukubekwa uphawu ukuhlela nut. I yamba ipayipi izimbobo IPA sokuprakthiza e zokhuni ithiphu ngokugxilisa futhi uvalwe ifakwe ekuqaleni nezixhumi noma ngaphandle ompompi kubo. WokuLawula ukugeleza kwamanzi edingekayo uma esishintshashintshayo ahlukene kudle kancane kwezinye iziteshi yayo noma ukuthambisa yanjalo ezahlukene.
2. Nokufaka i-drip irrigation eyenzeka ekhoneni noma ngesimo Tees zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma tape a nezimo engadini hose. Babuye esetshenziselwa igatsha lawo noma ematfuba. Landing izindawo nokufakwa zenziwa ngendlela iziphika, iqinisekisa a amashubhu Friend esibophezelayo.
3. Ukulungisa kufaneleka isetshenziswa uma zokugwema noma ukunwebeka kwemisila kwamacala tape. Ngalo axhunyiwe kuze kube semikhawulweni.
4. I-plug efakwe enisemikhawulweni kwamacala tape.

Ukufakwa ngenkasa izinhlelo kusukela izicezu-ngodonga

Ukujoyina amanzi engadini abalimi polyethylene tube 4 cm ububanzi, le ububanzi kangcono ukufakwa ekuqaleni isixhumi -. Crane okubalulekile drip irrigation eyenzeka, esebenza uxhumano of a perforated ukuvuza tape ipayipi.

Wenziwe nge ukushuba amancane eqoqwe nge valve. Izimbobo kuyenziwa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuvuza itheyiphu lufakwa INGAPHANDLE i kufanelekile ukuphazamiseka, bese kuphinde fixed ngumuntu nut plastic. Enisemikhawulweni emkhonweni avalwa Imigudu noma uphawu ezigoqwe.

Ububi uyidwala eliphansi impahla ibhande, okuyinto kalula kabana namagundane nezinambuzane. On nezinye izinkomba uhlelo izibonakalisa kuphela ohlangothini oluhle.

Ukufakwa kohlelo nge amashubhu eyakhelwe droppers

Uhlelo libhekene amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuqina kakhulu okukhulu. Siqukethe tube lapho obutholakala ngezikhawu cylindrical njalo weThrojani. I tube angase abekwe phezu kwenhlabathi enamathiselwe izisekelo, okwesikhashana on a wire noma ukuhambisa ezijulile emhlabathini.

Amanzi anomfutho siyahluka endleleni umthamo uhlelo futhi kusakazwe kahle, ukwenza izimbobo ezincane. Kubalulekile ukuthi ethangini lalisenyakatho ukuphakama ngaphezu komhlabathi ka 1-1.5 m. Kusukela umtshali liyadingeka kuphela ngendlela esifike uligcwalise, ngemva kwalokho uketshezi yanikezwa izitshalo ngaphansi kwethonya adonsela phansi.

Indlela ukuchelela ukhukhamba?

In izinhlelo zezimboni, drip irrigation eyenzeka senziwa ngamanzi ikhukhamba nezelani isitshalo ngasinye. I izimpande 15-20 cm kanye nomswakama ukulawula tensiometers efakwe kukhona ukujula. Ukuze balimi ekahle atholakalayo, wenza kusuka amabhodlela epulasitiki. Basuke ezibekwe ngezansi noma eneziqongo at emhlabathini. Ingxenye engenhla kufanele kuvuleleke ekutheni ukugcwala amanzi.

1. Indlela yokuqala. IV ekhiqizwa kusuka induku esetshenziswa kusukela obungangenhloko kakhanjana izibaya. It is wageza nge izinsalela kuphela kusukela unama muffle ifanise sekupheleni. Ekupheleni wenze wokubhoboza ngesigamu ukushuba induku. ukuvuza Homemade usufakwa wokubhoboza senziwa phansi ibhodlela ezingeni ukuphakama 15-20 cm. Khona-ke ethangini ligcwele amanzi bese usetha eduze otshanini, ukuze umswakama uthola impande.
2. Eyesibili indlela. Ibhodlela okwenza izimbobo phezu kwawo wonke ukuphakama, kokuhamba phansi nge 3-5 cm. Labe safaka phansi phansi 20 cm ukujula. Iphutha kukakhokho, wagcwalisa ngokusebenzisa phezulu isitsha amanzi. Ibhodlela entanyeni kungaba bashone phansi, emva ukusika phansi lapho elula eminye ukugcwalisa ngamanzi. Ukuze izimbobo kungukuthi ugcwale phansi, ngaphandle ibhodlela zihambisana indwangu needled esetshenziswa njengendlela material isembozo zokugcina.
3. Indlela yesithathu. Amabhodlela wagcwala amanzi, kungenziwa okwesikhashana ngaphezu komhlabathi, punctures izimbobo esivalweni.

Bottle ukuvuza ukhukhamba ewusizo ngokuqondene emnothweni, njengoba asikho isidingo ukuchitha imali ezintweni. Ububi kuyinto yinkimbinkimbi ukufakwa ezindaweni ezinkulu. Inqubo ukugcwalisa amanzi - enzima futhi ngokuvamile baba ugcwale inhlabathi imbobo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, singakwazi ukubona izinzuzo ukuvuza. Izibuyekezo bathi impela zokugcina encane.

A ukuthambisa ukhukhamba egcwele zokugcina esikhulu ukukhiqiza kuwusizo kakhudlwana ngokusebenzisa uhlelo eyodwa nge droppers nokuphathelene.

Amadivayisi ngoba drip irrigation eyenzeka: okuzenzakalelayo

Okuzenzakalelayo ukuthambisa uhlelo kudinga izimali imishini, kodwa ngenxa isikhathi esiningi uyakusindiswa futhi isivuno ivala isikhala izindleko. Uphiko ebaluleke kakhulu uhlelo isilawuli noma timer angadingi Ukungenela komuntu. I last kunikezwa kuphela nobuningi kanye nesikhathi Reflux. Isikhathi kuyinto electromechanical kagesi noma. Isilawuli Ungasetha uhlelo ayakhala, okuyinto uyakucabangela ingcindezi ohlelweni, setha imijikelezo ukuchelela emini zaba umswakama lokushisa.

Ukuze izinhlelo elula umdwebo se drip irrigation eyenzeka apharathasi sihlinzekela umgudu owodwa, futhi isibalo iziteshi wesifunda eziyinkimbinkimbi kungathatha isikhathi eside. Ukwahlulela ukubuyekezwa, balimi abanolwazi bakhetha ukusebenzisa izikhathi ezimbalwa abasebenza izinhlelo ezithile.

Ukuze zincike umthombo amandla, kuyasiza ukuthola idivayisi, baqashwe kusuka AA amabhethri ambalwa.

ukuvuza okuzenzakalelayo kusukela amanzi ngokuvamile kudinga futha. umthamo layo kumele luhambisane ukusetshenziswa. Mshini kufanele kube elula, hhayi inomsindo kakhulu, futhi amelana zamakhemikhali, okuyinto avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa uhlelo njengendlela umquba.

isiphetho

Nakuba ezivamile ukuchelela phezu kwenhlabathi, zintula izimo ngezinye izikhathi esihle sakho, amanzi kusilela nokonga amandla kuholele isidingo ukusebenzisa ama-apharathasi ethile drip irrigation eyenzeka. Ukukhetha lapha incike sezulu, isimo sezwe, izinhlobo zezilimo, nezinye izinto.

Kubalulekile ukuklama futhi ufake uhlelo se drip irrigation eyenzeka ukunciphisa amathuba ukwehluleka hhayi ukuchitha isikhathi ukulungisa kanye nokugcinwa emsebenzini.