Orthopantomogram: ukuthi kuyini nokuthi ucwaningo olwenziwa?

Ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe besimanje akemi namanje. Futhi inikeza ithuba ngcono izinga lempilo yawo wonke umuntu. Ngakho, i-pluses lokhu uthola kuhlanganise umkhakha kwezempilo. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngale nqubo njengoba ortopantomogramma: ukuthi kuyini, uma sisetshenziswa futhi kanjani kwenziwa.

amagama

Ukuze wenze kube sobala, ekuqaleni kubalulekile ukubhekana imigomo esemqoka. Ngakho ortopantomogramma - kuyini nokuthi yini leli gama? Kafushane, kuyinto nje ebabazekayo, t. E. Ngokuphelele ukumboza dentition ezimbili, izithombe ze-X ray. Lolu cwaningo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ucabangele:

• Isakhiwo ongenhla.
• Isakhiwo namazinyo we mandible.
• Futhi, ngokuhlanganyela eliphezulu emhlathini.
• sinuses (adventitious) futhi t. d.

Okungukuthi, isithombe ibonakala Imininingwane esigcwele ku nemengamo yamazinyo isiguli. Zona efanayo wamazinyo isithombe kokwenza iziphetho ukuthi udingani, futhi cabanga into oyifunayo ukunakwa.

Ingatholakala kanjani lezo zithombe? Konke ilula, ne ezihlukahlukene-X-ray ukuhlola kwe-ezicutshini zomzimba womuntu bachayeke emisebeni yelanga ngesikhathi kwemibala ezahlukene. Isithombe ayathola ngezindlela ezimbili: phezu ifilimu, kanye nazo zonke izithombe ajwayelekile, noma inzwa ekhethekile, okuyinto ixhunywe ikhompyutha.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana imishini

Uma udinga amazinyo shot-panoramic (ortopantomogramma), kuyodingeka ukuya emtholampilo wamazinyo. Phela, le nqubo idinga ama-apharathasi ekhethekile. Ibizwa ngokuthi orthopantomograph futhi ubukeka ngokuphelele amangalisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu uhlala phansi esitulweni, ubeka kwesilevu sakhe othini ekhethekile, futhi nje elinde lapho kwenziwa. Ngesikhathi inqubo isiguli akusho uzwa ubuhlungu obuthize noma kabi. Kuyinto kobuhlungu ngokuphelele.

Ngakho, umuntu oqokwe ortopantomogramma. Indlela ukuthatha isithombe sakho? Umgomo we operation idivayisi simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: emitter izoya endaweni ukuthi kuyaphenywa. Kulokhu owamukelayo ayozithola isithombe amavidyo. I umamukeli kungaba futhi ifilimu ezivamile kanye nabezindaba digital (namuhla avame ukusetshenziswa ngenxa lula kanye nezindleko-ukusebenza).

Analog orthopantomograph - namuhla ezingaphezu kuka ephelelwe yisikhathi imodeli yedivayisi isithombe-panoramic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bona esikhundleni ngokuphelele nozakwabo digital. Futhi zonke ngoba digital ikhwalithi yesithombe futhi singasetshenziswa ligcinwe isikhathi eside. Eshuthiwe SLT ngokushesha buphela futhi ilahlekelwa icacile. Futhi, futhi izindleko ezengeziwe wefilimu, umthuthukisi, isithombe zokunyathelisa.

Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ortopantomogramma digital namuhla. Isithombe etholwe waphansi ezinjalo, egcinwe ku-elekthronikhi e-computer, kungenzeka ezinyatheliswayo uma oyifunayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi zanamuhla zithi kuba ortopantomografy digital ngaphansi kuyingozi ngoba ihlaba umkhosi okumbalwa imisebe eyingozi.

Isifinyezo kwenziwa ambalwa, kanye nenqubo kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwengu-15. Ngakho ukuthi isiguli akanayo isikhathi ukuze uthole izinambuzane ulapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvikela umuntu wagqoka iphinifa ekhethekile, esiza ukunciphisa ukuchayeka umzimba.

Digital noma Analogue sithombe? Yini lokukhetha?

Yini odinga ukukwazi uma ortopantomogramma wona? Lokho kuyinto - ukuqonda. It is futhi wayeqonda ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili izinhlobo imishini kakhulu ezibhedlela zesimanje. Ngakho kunoma babo kungcono ukubhekana? Kulokhu okungenhla singathola esiphethweni elula asadinga ukukhetha ortopantomografy ncamashi digital. Izinzuzo zabo zimi kanje:

• izinsizakuzwa Digital kukhona ingasaphathwa kudingeka isikhathi ukuthatha isithombe. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuchayeka lesiguli kuyehla 90%!
• isivinini imaging okuphezulu. Ngakho, asikho isidingo ukukhombisa ifilimu, ukuphrinta izithombe. Emva inqubo isithombe imizuzwana liyavela imishini ekhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-plus omkhulu itholakala lokuthi ukuthi asikho isidingo kabusha ukwenza isithombe-panoramic, uma unezinkinga phakathi kwenqubo ukuthuthukiswa ifilimu. Futhi lokhu futhi kuyinzuzo kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
• Isithombe sedijithali ayikwazi kubhekwa kabanzi. Uma kunesidingo, zingandiswa ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama athile.
• Zonke izithombe digital egcinwe kukhompyutha. Okusho ukuthi kungaba njengoba fast ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole lapho kudingeka, angayi ingobo yomlando futhi kungukuthi zimba amakhadi amaphepha nesiguli.
• lula kakhulu ukuba neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela esingu namazinyo kweso uwela udokotela ukuba khona. Lokhu kungenziwa esebenzisa ngogesi ukudluliswa kwedatha.

Kancane mayelana harmfulness

Njengoba asebenzelana ngayo elithi "ortopantomogramma": kuyini futhi uyini inqubo ngokwalo, - Ngifuna ukusho amazwi ambalwa mayelana kuba njani empilweni. Phela, it is zishiswe ukuthi, ngokubona abantu abaningi, ngokusobala akukuhle.

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, inqubo yenziwa phakathi nenkathi kunalokho esifushane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba womuntu ukuvikelwa kudingeka wonke nokuqashelwa izinyathelo zokuvikeleka kukhonjelwe ukuchayeka ubuncane.

Ulwazi izibalo: uma kunikezelwe ortopantomogramma amazinyo, umthamo ngemisebe salokhu inqubo 0.02 mSv. Ukuze uqhathanise kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngonyaka ka imvelo umuntu uthola mayelana 3.0 mSv. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcizelela ukuthi kukhona nezindinganiso ezithile zokwelapha. Kwaphela izinyanga ezingu-12, umuntu ngamunye kufanele zithole yokufakelwa kusho okungaphezu 1.0 mSv. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi zonke-X ray, okuyinto luhamba ngendlela abantu ngonyaka kufanele kurekhodwe embhalweni wakhe kwezokwelapha. Kuyadingeka ukugcina amarekhodi kanye ukuqapha ezingeni ukuchayeka yokufakelwa esigulini.

Ngenxa okukhipha elincane khona-ke kumelwe kusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa isithombe-panoramic has a isisindo enkulu empilweni kunanoma umthamo aphansi emisebe ukuthi umzimba ungathola kulolu hlobo locwaningo.

Izinkomba inqubo

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi namuhla enze ortopantomogrammu Akunzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane nje ukuya emtholampilo wamazinyo, lapho kukhona imishini eyanele. Nokho, i-ukudlula le nqubo kumele ukufunda.

Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi isidingo sokwenza isithombe-panoramic nsuku angangabazeki uma uma kuziwa yenzeka. Kulokhu, kulolu cwaningo ikuvumela:

• Ukuze ukufunda ithambo izicubu amazinyo: kwabantu nevolumu.
• Hlola isimo izimpande amazinyo: indawo yabo, isimo.
• Cabangela isimo sinuses maxillary, ubone indawo yabo.
• Panorama Shot kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe ezingaphezu kweyodwa afanele isiguli.
• Kubalulekile ukuthi isithombe kusiza udokotela kungcono kakhulu indlela kokungenela kuhlinzwa.
• Futhi-ke, ortopantomogramma kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba wenze uhlelo ukwelashwa isiguli ilungile futhi abanekhono sika.

By the way, kudingeka senze ortopantomogrammu futhi ngesikhathi yenzeka langempela. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba udokotela iyoyibona umphumela zokwakha we izimila. Futhi njengoba le nqubo uma usebenzisa izinsizakuzwa digital cishe okungenangozi isetshenziswa kuyo yonke inqubo ukuhlinzwa.

nezinye iindlela

Kwezinye izimo, ungadinga isithombe sikhathi sinye amazinyo?

• Esikhathini ekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene ezithinta izinsini namazinyo. Lokhu kungaba ecucuza elula izinhlumba, granuloma, periodontitis, izinyo ukuhamba kanye t ngokweqile. D.
• Isithombe kubalulekile inqubo ukulungiselela emkhakheni wezitho zokwenziwa.
• Orthopantomogram ngokuvamile ezinqunyiwe izinhlobo ezahlukene ukulimala uhlelo emhlathini isiguli.
• Isithombe kubalulekile belungiselela inqubo izinyo.

izenzo Stepwise kule nqubo

Endaweni ehlukile, lapho ngifuna ukunikeza ortopantomogrammu incazelo. Okungukuthi ukuchaza inqubo okumele wenziwe isiguli ngesikhathi ukudlula le nqubo:

1. Isiguli lokuqala kuyodingeka ukuvikela umzimba wakho kusukela imisebe umthelela usebenzisa iphinifa ekhethekile.
2. Idivayisi ngaphezu nesineke. Nokho, le nqubo kungaba kwenziwe kokubili emi ehlezi. Konke kuncike ukukhula komuntu, okuyinto ngaphansi inqubo. Ngakho, idivayisi amisiwe kunomzimba waso.
3. Imihlathi ngempela fixed, isilungisiwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Phela, ecacile isithombe nesineke kumele ezibuthaka.
4. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azungeze ikhanda lesiguli izoya isithwebuli. Umgomo wakhe: ukufunda idatha futhi uyithumele kudivayisi ekhethekile kuzosiza udokotela sokucabangisisa ngakho konke kuyadingeka.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla isikhathi kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwengu-15. Lokhu kwanele ukuze uthole ulwazi olulungile kucutshungulwe.

Orthopantomogram ngesikhathi isinyathelo

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, isithombe namazinyo (ortopantomogramma) singenziwa ngesikhathi yonke inqubo yenzeka izimila. Lokhu kuyadingeka, ngoba lonke inqubo - kuba ngezinga ucezu oluthile lomsebenzi odinga ngokunemba, ukunemba, ukunemba nodokotela ohlinzayo. Ngisho iphutha kulencane kulokhu kungase kube nemiphumela engathandeki. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le nqubo uyakwazi ukunikeza izimpendulo udokotela yonke imibuzo engase iphakame inkambo ukuhlinzwa.

Isinyathelo eyodwa: ukulungiselela. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ortopantomogramma kubaluleke kakhulu kule nkathi. Phela, udokotela kuyadingeka ukuhlola ngokunembile isimo emhlathini, amazinyo, amathambo. Qonda, kukhona isikhala esanele yenzeka, futhi konke sekumi ngomumo izindleko zokuhlinzwa kwakho. Ngakho, ngesisekelo yesithombe udokotela ohlinzayo kwenza iziphetho mayelana ukuziphatha iyiphi ukukhetha uhlobo kanye nosayizi nolwelwesi uma ithambo Ukwakha-up.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ngesikhathi yenzeka, kungenzeka kube nabathile izingozi:

1. Uma kuziwa the ongenhla, kungalimaza itheku maxillary.
2. Uma sikhuluma umhlathi ongezansi, ingozi umonakalo omkhulu emsipheni trigeminal.

le nqubo kuphela - ortopantomogramma namazinyo - kwelashwa kunciphisa zonke lezizinto izingozi ibe mincane.

Uma Kwandiswa ithambo nesineke, le nqubo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulandelela izinga inqubo engraftment.

Yenzeka: Izimo for

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zikhona ezinye Izimo ukuhlinzwa ukuze izimila kweyodwa. Ngakho, lokhu, isibonelo, periodontitis, noma izinhlobo ezahlukene izinqubo ukuvuvukala kule zone bokuhlinzwa. Orthopantomogram emihlathini amandla kabusha izithombe ukubona lezi zinkinga, sibone foci ukuvuvukala, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene eziyinkinga (izimbobo emazinyweni, imfundo, nokunye izimpande. D.). Futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuze ugweme izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu phakathi nokuhlinzwa.

Inqubo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa

Ngempela emva kokuhlinzwa uzodinga ukudala isithombe-panoramic. Orthopantomogram kulokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sihlole imfanelo yezenzo ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, izimila inqubo engraftment. Futhi, le nqubo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba aqaphele izinhlobo ezahlukene nezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngemva aphinde ahlinzwe. Kubandakanya post-yenzeka.

Ngenxa okukhipha encane, siphawula ukuthi ortopantomogramma ivumela udokotela hhayi kuphela ukwenza umsebenzi wabo, kodwa futhi ukunciphisa ingozi nemiphumela nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa ezingezinhle.

uhlelo Ukwelashwa

Le nqubo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngemva kokwamukela isibhamu ekwelapheni dokotela ongasenza ukwelashwa uhlelo abafundile ukuthi kuyoholela ukululama ngokushesha kakhulu. Kulokhu, kufanele zihlanganisa zonke izenzo kanye izinsuku eseduze ngokubulawa kwabo. Lolu hlu ikakhulu siqukethe amaphuzu ezinkulu ezilandelayo:

• ukwelashwa Gum, namazinyo: ngabe kubalulekile.
• Ingabe ngikuthola nesineke Ukwakha-up of amathambo (bone). Le nqubo ngeke aqokwe zokuthi ukuntula kwayo engokwemvelo ivolumu.
• Ukukhetha uhlobo implantable nolwelwesi imodeli. Futhi, le nqubo kuyasiza bona abuye asebenzise nezinye izinto kungase kudingeke phakathi nokuhlinzwa.
• Kukhethwa impahla, uhlobo imodeli imiqhele zamazinyo, abutment we sokwenziwa.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi ngalinye lala maphuzu kufanele zihlelwe nesiguli. lo dokotela ongasenza izincomo uqobo. Yilokho konke okudingayo, ngoba intengo ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu izinga kanye nokuzikhethela imifanekiso izingxenye implantable.

Izimo

Kwezinye izimo, kungcono ukulahla izinqubo ezifana ortopantomogramma? Endaweni yokuqala akusiyo efiselekayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Nokho, uma ingozi yezifo noma izinkinga esikhundleni esiphakeme, kusenzima ukuba bafeze.

Endaweni ehlukile, abazali bazibuze ukuthi inqubo inikezwe izingane. Yiqiniso, yebo. Izingane it is contraindicated ngokuphelele, ngoba kukhona umthamo encane kakhulu emisebeni. Orthopantomogram ingane - iphuzu elifanayo ezibalulekile ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa, njengoba kunjalo nangabantu abadala. ukusebenza kwalo anganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesimo amazinyo nezinsini zakho udokotela ingane.

Le nqubo wokufunda isithombe

Likuphi ortopantomogramma? Dentistry, ie yamazinyo - .. Yilokho endaweni lapho inqubo kungaba kwenziwe. Nokho, umane ukuthatha isithombe - lokhu kunganele. Kufanele bakwazi futhi "funda". amasu ukufunda siqukethe amaphuzu ezintathu eziyinhloko.

Ukuhlolwa izinga isithombe. Ngakho, lo dokotela ubukeka ukubona uma eyanele ecacile, nokucija, nika umehluko. Sekukonke kukhona njengoba ungabona mkhakha wocwaningo. Futhi, udokotela ihlola ukuhlanekezela ezihlukahlukene emazinyweni imihlathi isimo lesiguli.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - ukuhlolwa kwe-isimo ithambo izicubu lesiguli. Kulokhu, lo dokotela siqokomisa amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Isimo interdental septum, ijamo, ubude, isimo kwezinsalela namaminerali.
• Kungakhathaliseki kunenkinga ezifana kabusha isakhiwo thambo izinyo.
• Hlaziya isimo emalungeni emhlathini (imigodi, amakhanda ngokuhlanganyela: uma ekhona izinguquko sokugembula).
• Endaweni ehlukile, kubalulekile ukuhlola isimo sinuses futhi umsele mandibular (kwasendaweni isilinganiso amazinyo, izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo).

Isigaba sesithathu - kudokotela kunqunywa nge into zokutadisha. Okungukuthi ekhetha indawo okwalandela womsebenzi.

Futhi zokugcina, esigabeni sesine: ukuhlaziywa emthunzini amazinyo. Kulokhu, lo dokotela kufanele ubuyekeze umqhele ngesineke ngalo ingaphakathi ngezinyo, isimo impande yawo, impande emiseleni elichaza nekuhlola crevice periodontal.

Kuyinto kuphela ngokwenza konke kwalokhu ngezinyathelo ezisebenzayo amaphuzu idatha, udokotela angakunika umuthi ukwelashwa okufanele ukuthi kuzodingeka ukuya nesineke.