Phakathi abaningi Sebastopol ezikhangayo kuqokomisa esinye. Sevastopol Panorama ithumba Defense of base wamabutho asolwandle Russian phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye.
amaqiniso angokomlando
Wadla eCrimea eRussia ngo 1783 kwaba impumelelo enkulu kwenqubomgomo angaphandle of the Empire, Russian. Phakathi nale nkathi, kwakukhona okuthiwa enkundleni ngamazwe umbuzo Eastern. Le nkinga seyixhunyaniswe buthakathaka uMbuso WaseTurkey, kazwelonke womzabalazo wenkululeko ezizwe Balkan nezithakazelo wonke amazwe aseYurophu endaweni buthakathaka Turkey. Lelo qiniso lokugcina ezikhonjwe ukunganeliseki amazwe athuthukile yeYurophu eqinisa isikhundla waseRussia esenyakatho Black Sea coast. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ithonya waseRussia kuphela sakhula futhi ngo-1854 yaba nkulu. Kwakukhona enye impi Russian-Turkish. Ukunqoba Admiral Nakhimov e Sinop Bay niphihlizwe wonke amathemba ngokuphumelela umyalo Turkish ezingxabanweni, eduze ukunqoba Russian. Kodwa ke impi eNgilandi, eFrance nase-Piedmont. Ngo-September 1854, befika amabutho enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea. Esikhathini esizayo, izinto eziyisisekelo bathuthela azungeze Sevastopol. Cishe ngonyaka amabutho ephakeme kahle ehlome wamabutho ahlangene akakwazanga ukuthatha idolobha elikhazimulayo. Lezi zenzakalo enikelwe panorama ka Sevastopol.
Ikhumbule ekumeleleni Sevastopol
8-9 Septhemba 1855, Sevastopol walahlwa amasosha Russian futhi elalihlala isitha. Kodwa, naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, ubuqhawe nesibindi abavikeli komuzi kwaba nendima ikusasa ukuthula. In Paris, uma ungena ngemvume, omele Russian Gorchakov wathi: "Emva kwami kwakumi isithunzi Admiral Nakhimov, okuyinto kuvimbe oMfelandawonye zonke ukuthi zifune ukuqondiswa ezivela eRussia abaxhumene elikhulu indawo." Mayelana nalesi okuthiwa ukuzivikela lokuqala (inikezwe izenzakalo ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe) eCrimea show ezindaweni eziningi ezijabulisayo. Kuyinto lesikhumbuzo anikezelwe imikhumbi scuttled, nezakhiwo eziningana ukuba amasosha dlulisa zibuswa lokuqala nelesibili, phezu Malakhov Hill, futhi yebo, umbono ekumeleleni Sevastopol e 1854-1855.
Umlando sokudalwa
Panorama - uhlobo buciko, okuyinto umbukeli isithombe ngefomethi ububanzi nge izinto besiyoba sikhulu ongaphambili, ukudala ngaleyo ndlela inkohliso esikhaleni sangempela. Ngu weminyaka engu wamashumi omahlanu ka-ekumeleleni umdwebi Russian lwempi izigcawu port Frants Rubo eyalwa ukuba umsebenzi omkhulu ngo-1901, okwakufanele bakhumbule feat ezempi futhi lezakhamuzi komuzi ezinsukwini abesabekayo lokuvimbezela. Kwakuyisikhathi-panorama "Ukuvikela Sevastopol ', okwakufanele ibe ephelele kuze 1904, njengoba kwathatha isikhathi nomkhuba futhi obandayo imvelo umgomo. Esefikile edolobheni, umdwebi wachitha isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla ukuze sikwazi ukufunda endaweni kanye lendawo impahla umlando. Ngenxa imidwebo eyenziwe eCrimea, wakwazi ukulungiselela nezamanje Petersburg emfushane izithombe. Njengoba base bethole selihanjiswa ngoba ukuqaliswa kwe-ekhulelwa, Roubaud eJarimani, lapho eminyakeni embalwa, ngokubambisana nezinye abaculi ekulungiseleleni ngendwangu.
Lesi sakhiwo Museum
Sevastopol Panorama adinga eningi isikhala, futhi walungisa ngokukhethekile. Architects F. Enberg noB Feldman iwine ukubanga ukwakhiwa embukisweni esizayo. Kuyinto ngokwako lesikhumbuzo yobuciko, ngoba yilona kuphela isakhiwo-panoramic ku ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Round, 38 amamitha eliphezulu, isakhiwo isezingeni elisezansi, ngakho-ke kubukeka welulela, awusebenzi ushiye umuzwa zingakhululekile. Ukuze isakhiwo sayo wathatha iminyaka 2. Lesi yisikhathi sasivumela ezisheshayo Russia. Izindonga mpo projection babe yishumi nantathu busts heroes we ukuzivikela lokuqala Sevastopol.
Okuqukethwe isithombe
Sevastopol Panorama okubonisa usuku Ukuvinjezelwa komuzi, lapho kwakukhona ukuhlaselwa Umkhumbi party amasosha French waseBrithani. Uma isibukeli elikhona usuku phezulu Malakhov Hill, yena wayekwazi ukubona isithombe, eduze isithombe ku-canvas. Abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amane abadlali zaveza ngabaculi, eduze kwawo wonke uhlanga ezihambisanayo. Battle uyaphila futhi adlulisele ukuba mandla kwemizwelo. amatilosi Simple futhi amasosha ongaphambili, nezinhloko Nakhimov edume. Akuwona wonke umuntu esithombeni bejatshuliswe ikhomishana kakhulu ukwamukela, wafika evela Petersburg. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva panorama ka Sevastopol uyoguqulwa. intando yabo Roubaud, ngoba baye anikezwa Umbusi ngokwakhe. Ngakho, lapho zipendwe ekumeni amadoda nangasemuva zinyamalale Nakhimov. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi kuvulwa, ngoMeyi 1905, umdwebi ahlonishwe amazwana neMpi Veterans, abahlanganyeli sokuzivikela salo muzi, eyathola isithombe emnandi kakhulu futhi eduze ngokoqobo.
I-panorama Ukudalelwa
Ngemva Okthoba Revolution panorama of Sevastopol, umnyuziyamu lalungiswa futhi abuyiselwe ngayo kuqala. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, amaphesenti amabili yale midwebo libhujiswa ngo nokubhonywa umlilo, lonke baphuthunyiswe Novosibirsk ngo-1942. Ngemva nje kwempi, ngo-Moscow, lo mdwebo, ungase uthi, ukusungulwa kabusha. Ngokufaka iziqephu ezimbalwa original nge udokotela ohlinzayo Pirogov, itilosi ikati. Through iminyaka 49 Sevastopol Panorama (isithombe, ngasendleleni, ethulwa esihlokweni) ukuzivikela ngazo futhi zenzeka yayo mlando, ngokuziqhenya nenjabulo libonisa izimenywa zakhe.