Edayisa ukudla kwamazwe ahlukene - kungcono ... Umlando ukubukeka kanye nencazelo

Cosmopolitanism libizwa amafilosofi, okuyinto ubona abantu emhlabeni wonke, kungakhathaliseki uhlanga lwabo, ubuzwe noma okuqondene uhlanga oluthile. Esikhathini kuhunyushwa kusukela exubile Greek - kuyinto "isakhamuzi zomhlaba." Futhi, lo mqondo unezinye ukutolika, kuye ngokuthi orientation zezombusazwe, isikhathi. Ezinye zazo kungqubuzane, kodwa cabanga ngalinye ngokuhlukile.

Edayisa ukudla kwamazwe ahlukene - kungcono ...

Ngokusho isichazamazwi Brockhaus futhi Efron, exubile embozwa ngelithi - kuyinto umuntu owabelana umqondo wobaba kuso sonke Earth. Kusekelwe ukwazi ubunye yaso sonke isintu futhi womfelandawonye izithakazelo lamazwe ngamanye futhi abantu njengoba izingxenye wesintu owodwa. Engalungile ukuphikisa imfundiso nokushisekela izwe lakithi. Lokhu amafilosofi akusho ukubeka eceleni uthando abantu bakhe ezweni. Ngamanye amazwi, exubile embozwa ngelithi - lena kulowo benhlalakahle yomphakathi iyona ithephu ultimate wokulinganisa sifana izithakazelo sonke isintu. Isibonelo esimangalisayo imfundiso yenkolo yobuKristu.

Encyclopedia inikeza incazelo elandelayo umqondo: exubile embozwa ngelithi - lokhu umuntu ophika kazwelonke futhi ubukhosi isimo, uyakwala ifa yobuzwe namasiko, amasiko, nokushisekela izwe. TSB libiza lesi emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni yabo yobunxiwankulu ukuphendula. Ngokusho incazelo yaleli isichazamazwi of the social sciences, cosmopolitanism - i emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni yabo kuyinkolelo-mbono olungisisa ukwenqaba isiko kanye namasiko abantu babo. Edayisa ukudla kwamazwe ahlukene - nguye ophika isimo inyumbazana egameni ubunye bonke abantu womuntu.

Inchazelo yesimanje

Okwamanje, incazelo owamukelwa okulandelayo: a exubile embozwa ngelithi - i, hhayi yomthetho ezimele futhi ethonyeni kanye nezifiso zabantu ezincane-edolobheni ezihlobene ngokuqonda kunoma predilections futhi izintandokazi zabanye, ngaleyo ndlela linikeze ngokuyinhloko inhlonipho ngabanye kazwelonke noma indawo. Kwesilungu ekhatsi umtsetfo wemave emhlaba - nguye ayiboni zobuhlanga, zezombangazwe, kazwelonke kanye nezinye amalungelo afanayo. Ukuze baleli amafilosofi kuyinto ukuhlazeka akwamukeleki, ukuhlukumeza ukwephula amalungelo ibala (izinwele, amehlo), inkolo, ukukhubazeka ngengqondo noma ngokomzimba, okuyize noma izinkolelo, esikuthandayo (uma Yiqiniso, abanalo nomthelela omubi kwabanye), amasiko nokuzilibazisa. Umuntu onjalo esusa isiko esiphelelwe isikhathi, kodwa kuthatha ku entsha, lesichubekako xaxa futhi zikhululekile, nakuba kungamelwe ephoqelela imibono yabo. Ngokuyinhloko, cosmopolitanism ebonakaliswa umphakathi nge abanezizinda ezihlukene noma izici evelele sokuhlukaniswa ukuguga ifa.

Neo-nobuNazi futhi cosmopolitanism

Nokho, kukhona isigaba baleli amafilosofi - cosmopolitans lezidlamlilo. Laba bantu abeke umbono wabo ngendlela sasivumela nolaka kulabo Ngokombono wabo, insufficiently ophucukile, iyona ngaphansi kwethonya amasiko kazwelonke, umqondo wekuba sive kanye eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma zobuhlanga. Abanaso ukukhuthaza bo kambaphambili kodwa ngolaka bavikela umbono ka renunciation yazo zonke akusebenzi, ngokombono wabo. Ngenxa yalokho, welithi "ophoqelelwe exubile embozwa ngelithi" alikho nhlobo. Ngakho ngokuvamile isetshenziswa, futhi esikhundleni salo lo mqondo "neo-nobuNazi".

Enye indlela cosmopolitanism iyona kwembulunga yonke ka empahla kanye ibhizinisi. Lihlanganisa ukufinyelela ulwazi wonke umuntu noma kuphi emhlabeni, yokuhlala khulula nokuvakasha, amazwe sobunye.

Indaba cosmopolitanism

Ukubonakaliswa yokuqala yaleli mkhuba kungabonwa emunye engenalo udlame kwamaqembu, izizwe nemiphakathi. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ngesisekelo zenkolo, kwezomnotho, njengomumo womhlaba, izici ngemibono okusinda endaweni enobutha ngaphandle kwezwe. Kwakuyisikhathi Luhlobo luni lokuphikiswa ifomu ezikhohlisayo imibuso, uthi futhi imibuso. I wake waphila ngempela kuqala, uye wathi a exubile, kwaba uDiogenes. Wakhuthaza umbono yokudlanga izithakazelo zabo phezu isimo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le kwaba nomthelela ekuncipheni kwe-amadolobha aseGrisi esaholela kuphikisa imibono kwezenhlalo ukushisekela ubuzwe sezenkolo. Abantu ziqondakala njengezakhamizi edolobheni, nokulahlekelwa amagugu kanye ukuzimela wemizi ngamunye waqala bazibiza ngokuthi izakhamuzi zezwe. Lokhu amafilosofi yasungulwa namaStoyiku, kodwa ngaphambili lizwakalise AmaCynic (the uDiogenes efanayo). Ngo owabhalwa nefilosofi exubile embozwa ngelithi - isakhamuzi isimo emhlabeni wonke.

Real Inkulumo obuqand cosmopolitanism kwaba uPapa ezombusazwe engokwasezulwini, kanye umqondo yokudala ohlanga jikelele. Nakuba kwakusala kude abangaphelele. Futhi esikhathini seminyaka we Ukukhanyiselwa kanye Renaissance, lokhu imibono yokungabi nandaba wayalwa ngokumelene feudalism abaphihliza futhi ukukhuthaza inkululeko yomuntu ngamunye. Edayisa ukudla kwamazwe ahlukene (okushiwo) isetshenziswa njenge umqondo kusukela ngekhulu le-18.

Ubuzwe Cosmopolitanism

Ezinye baleli theory ukwenqaba wokushisekela izwe maqondana izwe, kufakwe endaweni yawo efanayo maqondana nomhlaba wonke. Umqondo oyinhloko isiqubulo - ke ubunye bonke abantu. Ngokusho cosmopolitans, kulesigaba, esintwini Ufake isigaba kumiswa impucuko okuqinile kwamaplanethi. Ukubeka amalungelo nezifiso ngamunye ngenhla isimo, cosmopolitans ncisheka cha associate umqondo yezwe lenkaba nge izisekelo isimo noma wezombusazwe. Ngokusho lokhu imibono yokungabi nandaba, isimo njengoba waphansi kwamandla okufanele umkhonze futhi bavikele izithakazelo ezakhamuzi zayo, hhayi okuphambene nalokho. Ngamanye amazwi, labantu ezweni elinikeziwe akufanele anikele okuthile ngenxa izithakazelo isimo.

exubile rootless

Nguye lo muntu olahlekelwe ezweni labo, ngokuvamile hhayi wakhetha ezabo. Ngokokuqala ngqá inkulumo ethi uvele ngaphambi 40s kwekhulu elidlule. Sasebenzisa ke ngokuyinhloko nezihlakaniphi, owaveza "imibono anti-yokushisekela izwe", ngokuvumelana ubuholi be-USSR.