Edema Cerebral: izimbangela nemiphumela. edema cerebral ezinganeni nakubantu abadala

ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, izimbangela kanye nemiphumela ukuvela lapho sizohlola kulesi sihloko - kuyindlela yemvelo yokusabela kuya ngokweqile umthwalo, ukulimala kanye ukutheleleka. Njengoba ungalindela, le nqubo ngempela fast. Ngakho amaseli ngokwabo futhi isikhala esiphakathi kwawo ligcwele ngokweqile uketshezi, nobuchopho ngenxa yokwanda umthamo, okuyinto yena, kubangela okhushuliwe ingcindezi intracranial, cerebral ukuwohloka kwegazi futhi kubandakanya ukufa amaseli.

isimo esinjalo, njengoba wazi, kudinga usizo amandla futhi ngokushesha yezokwelapha ukugwema nemiphumela enqala noma ukufa.

Izimbangela edema

Okubangelwa ubuchopho edema izimbangela zingahluka futhi kumele yentiwe, isb, ukuzungeza palsy, uzwakalise ischemic noma oluhambisana unhlangothi, enhlekeleleni craniocerebral, phambi izimila intracranial noma umdlavuza Ukudlulela izimila ngasiphi indawo.

izinqubo okuvuthayo ebuchosheni, noma igobolondo (meningitis noma encephalitis), ukwa we egumbini cranial nge ukulimala ketshezi ebuchosheni, futhi isifo ovamile ngesimo ngamagciwane okunzima, kwezinso zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi noma ukusha olunzulu futhi kungabangela ubuchopho edema.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezibanga ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo bangase ngisho ezinzima ukusabela komzimba isinyathelo ukushaqeka anaphylactic noma izidakamizwa notshwala ukudakwa.

Uyini main ingozi edema

Ukuvuvukala noma iyiphi izicubu emzimbeni womuntu - ke akuve kuvamile futhi kuba engokwemvelo, ngokuvamile sihamba ngaphandle nemiphumela. Kodwa ingqondo endaweni evalelekile e Yekhanda obukhulu, okungakwazi ukwandisa umthamo wabo ngaphansi kwengcindezi kwezicubu yayo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini imbangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kubangela bagcina ukuhola yokuthi kukhona kokucindezelwa amanxusa akhe ube umngcingo. Lokhu isimo kuholela ingozi enkulu is sahlanganisa ischemia neuronal, okwandisa edema inchubekelembili, futhi esikhathini esithile lost ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.

ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ngesishayo lokho akubiza ngokuthi

Omunye zezimbangela ezivamile edema okubhekiselwe isiguli ludluliselwa kubo oluhambisana noma unhlangothi ischemic. Ngeshwa, lezi izinhlobo iziyaluyalu kwegazi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana inkinga kuchaziwe, obonakaliswe ngezindlela ezingafani, futhi uhlobo inkomba kobukhulu inqubo sokugembula.

unhlangothi Ischemic kubangelwa ukuvimbela igazi ligeleze ezindaweni ezithile ubuchopho ngenxa occlusion imithambo ngesizathu esisodwa noma ukuthi kuphakamisa anoxia, ukufa kwamangqamuzana futhi, ngenxa yalokho, le edema ingqondo.

A oluhambisana unhlangothi kwenzeka uma cerebral ukopha igobolondo, okuyinto iba push sokwanda okusheshayo ingcindezi intracranial consequently kubangela ubuchopho edema. Izizathu kulolu hlobo yokushaywa unhlangothi, njengoba umthetho, alinganayo - high blood pressure, ukucindezeleka, ukuzikhandla, okubangela ukudabuka yegazi ebuchosheni noma seepage legazi ngokusebenzisa izindonga zawo.

Njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kwenzeka e-stroke edema

Ekuqaleni edema kubangelwa iziyaluyalu umzimba (umzimba) engxenyeni abathintekayo. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simanga ibizwa ngokuthi cytotoxic ubuchopho edema, futhi itholakala ngokuyinhloko grey ndaba. Ngemva kwamahora ayisithupha kule izifo wathi ijoyina vasogenic edema, owenziwe waba owasendaweni kakade kule ndaba ezimhlophe zobuchopho. Sibangelwa inqubo okubizwa ngokuthi uketshezi propotevanie namaprotheni emikhunjini elincane endaweni extracellular, okubangelwa okwehlisa wegazi ukugeleza noma stasis (umisiwe).

Kanyekanye Said othuthukayo ubuchopho edema kanye necrosis, okuyinto kuholela ekuqongeleleni ku intercellular isikhala osmotically asebenzayo izinto, okuyinto imbangela ngisho nakakhulu uketshezi uphume capillary.

ubuchopho edema unhlangothi eba ngokushesha okukhulu, angesabi, kuyilapho kungenzeka ise lesion (edema sendawo), omunye nenkabazwe (edema ehlasela umzimba) futhi zombili ama- (edema generalized). Kubalulekile wazi izimpawu zayo, futhi nesikhathi esanele sokuthatha isinyathelo, nakuba Yiqiniso, e-stroke ukunquma ukuthuthukiswa edema kunzima ngempela ngoba nesineke ngokuvamile kuba e ngiqaphele turbid noma ikhoma.

Izimpawu ze-edema cerebral

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela ubuchopho edema izimbangela oluthathwa, izimpawu zayo ayikwazi kubhekwe ethize, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuze kutholakale khona isifo esiyingozi Isiguli, ukugxila kuzo kuphela nzima.

Kwezokwelapha, bahlukene ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• izimpawu ezihambisana lenyuka ingcindezi intracranial;
• izimpawu kuphazamiseka ebalulekile;
• izimpawu ekunqandeni egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Njengomthetho, ubuchopho edema (izimbangela, ngemiphumela lapho sisuke sicabanga) kuhambisana ubuhlungu bekhanda nesicanucanu retching - lezi zimpawu akunakubangelwa izibonakaliso nomfutho wegazi ophezulu intracranial.

inkulumo Ukuphazamiseka, umbono, ukuzwa bese uthinta, izinkinga orientation emkhathini, kanye paresis kanye nokukhubazeka - lezi izimpawu kwezinso eqondile.

Ukuvuvukala ubuchopho, iziguli kaningi esekhala iphika, bona siyabhubha ukuphefumula, ukuthuthukisa umuzwa ukozela, ukukhathazeka, kukhuphuke blood pressure, isiyezi kukhulisa, ngesinye isikhathi esihambisana nokukhithika Ukudlikizela, - zonke lezi izimpawu brainstem edema ezidinga esiphuthumayo yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule.

Izimbangela edema cerebral e izinsana

Kufanele sicabange ngezindlela le zokugula bebelokhu abantwana abazalwa nje. Okubangela yabo ubuchopho edema izimbangela ngokuvamile amanga lokuzalwa okunzima umama lokuzalwa ukulimala kwengane. Kodwa kungase kubangele yokuzalwa bekhubazekile noma izifo kuluthola. Abscesses, izimila, meningitis, encephalitis, hypoxia intrauterine - konke okungabangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho izinsana.

By endleleni, ngokuba zokugula ezichazwe izingane Kuthi ehlukile kunaleyo abadala, ngoba imizimba yabo namanje amathuba elinganiselwe kakhulu yokulondoloza semithambo ithoni ukulawulwa ingcindezi intracranial futhi cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. Okuwukuphela ingane zokutakula esimweni esinjalo ikakhulukazi kwakwakhe amathambo skull, phakathi kuyo noma uqwanga elithambile, noma igebe (fontanelles). Phela, lesi sici yokwakheka ivikela umntwana kusukela kokucindezelwa nokuvuvukala zobuchopho, okuyinto angagcina noma iyiphi ukukhala imvuthu.

cerebral Ikakhulukazi izimpawu edema ezinsaneni

ukuvuvukala kobuchopho izinsana kuyahluka fulminant. Esikhathini ukuthuthuka komqondo zokugula umntwana ngokuvamile iba evilaphayo, ukuwozela, yena ingavela Ukudlikizela, ukwazi unqamule. Ezinye izingane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimbangela ukuvuvukala isimo ujabule, wezwakalisa njalo ayimi ukukhala.

Fontanelle ne ichichima, ngisho uphumule, kwandisa umthamo ikhanda, ingane ibonakala ukuhlanza, imfiva.

Ngo izinsana ne edema palsy, isici sobuntu lesi sifo ukuwohloka ngokushesha kakhulu isimo jikelele kanye, ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi ukuphela kwayo kuyindlela yokufa.

ukuvuvukala kobuchopho: nemithelela

Ukushesha isiguli nale Ihlahlubo zizonikezwa lolutsintsa tekwelashwa afanelekayo ngokugcwele, ayanda amathuba ayo zokululama. Kodwa ngokuvamile wokutakula ngokwengxenye kuphela - konke kuncike kobukhulu inqubo sokugembula.

Umphumela ngezinye izikhathi, isib, ukuthuthukiswa isithuthwane kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwegazi izigaba ubuchopho ngabanye. Isiguli kungase kwandise ingcindezi intracranial, okuholela, esikhundleni salokho, kuya bekhanda njalo, isiyezi, iziyaluyalu ukwazi, ngisho ukuba ukwehla amakhono okuxhumana nomphakathi.

Iziguli eziningi kwathiwa unesifo "edema cerebral" ngemiphumela isifo azibonakalisa ukuvuvukala e ventricles yayo, phakathi amagobolondo noma cerebrospinal izikhala uketshezi, okuyinto akugcini ngokuletha umuzwa bekhanda gqwa, kodwa futhi esimweni bacindezeleke neziyaluyalu yomsebenzi sezinzwa nangokwengqondo.

Uma ukuvuvukala ngasekelwa, ke kungase kube umphumela kwephulwe ekusebenzeni kobuchopho futhi wenqabe amakhono engqondo.

Indlela manifest imithelela cerebral edema ezinganeni

Imiphumela sifo kubhekwe ezinganeni kungaba futhi ezinzima, kuye ngobucayi isifo.

Lezi zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa cerebral palsy futhi iphimbo, isithuthwane kanye ukwephulwa ukwakheka kwezitho zangaphakathi.

ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ezinye izingane kungabangela nenkinga ngenkulumo, kanye nokudidiyela ukunyakaza. I zokugula kuthuthwe, ngeshwa, kubangele ukuba iziguli ukuntengantenga Neuro-ezingokwengqondo retardation engqondo.

Kulokhu okungenhla kuyacaca ukuthi ubuchopho nokuvuvuka izingane - lena zokugula esinzulu, okudinga nokuqapha njalo udokotela wezinzwa ingane futhi wezingane, futhi ubude bayo incike bemiphumela yalesi sifo.