Epics Russian mayelana namaqhawe: lobuqaba futhi Christian

Kusukela isihloko ukudalula isihloko "epics Russian heroes", ake siqale sichaze ukuthi imigomo ethnographic isihloko ngenhla. Ethnographic ingxenye epics mayelana namaqhawe ayikwazi overestimated. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abantu okulondolozwe kubo lwemibono anamandla, ukushisekela ubuzwe, ukunamathela isiko lenkolo.

Igama elithi "amaqhawe" wadalwa Russian usosayensi-ethnographer Ivanom Petrovichem Saharovym ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Ngakho-ke, it has a umsuka etemibhalo. ekuqaleni Abantu lisetshenziswa ukuze libhekisele yezinganekwane oludumile nezigigaba eziningi igama elihlukile - "ubudala". Umfanekiso iqhawe epics Russian sekukhona ngemva kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka izwe yazuza wekuba sive yayo. Ngaphambi amaMongol-Tatar ijoka eRussia, kube Kalula nje wayengekho. Leli qiniso liqinisekisa version ngemvelaphi Altai bakhe iqembu lolimi, okuyinto lisuselwa elithi "batyr" zazisetshenziselwa ngenkuthalo. Esikhathini XIII leminyaka in amaMongol uKhan Ezezindlu Bagaturov - amasosha, ezingafani amandla ukuthi zadokumenirovano zemihla. Ukuze amaMongol, leli gama livela-Sanskrit, lapho "blagahara 'wayesho - lucky.

Manje - ngokuqondile ngendaba ye-sihloko. Kunezigaba ezimbili yokudala epics nobuqhawe. Eyokuqala sihlanganisa i isikhathi ebanzi, kusukela kudala ubuqaba ebuKristwini, okungukuthi, kwaze kwabusa Prince uVladimir Kiev. I kwesibili kwaqala nge wokubusa eshiwo ngenhla Prince - zamaBap- Rus, futhi yaphela nge esikhundleni organic ngoba amaqhawe temlomo izici izincwadi kombhali.

kumiswa zangaphambi kobuKristu Russian namaqhawe yeqhawe Usitshele amagama iVolga Svyatoslavich, Mikita Selyaninovich, Svyatogora. Konke lokhu abalingiswa babe izici lathathwa onkulunkulu bamaqaba imihlatshelo. Amagama Russian namaqhawe yeqhawe ukhombise abalingiswa abasemqoka abazizwa ngayo izindaba, "Svyatogor futhi Mikula Selyaninovich", "Mikula futhi iVolga Svyatoslavich Selyaninovich".

Umama giant Svyatogor - Ushizi Land, noyise - "omnyama", ie nenhlalakahle kusuka kwelinye izwe. Lokhu giant knight organically ugxile amandla izakhi iZwe Russian.

Mikula Selyaninovich (Analogue - hero lesiGreki Antaeus) - hhayi elikhulu, uthembela - isiqhwaga enkulu, kodwa amandla imfihlo - nguye ngokujulile lifana kulo mhlabathi omanzi. Futhi Lobu buhlobo nolimi kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi "ongeke ukulwa naye." Kamuva, ngesikhathi sithola ukuthi ukwedlulela kuleso isiko yobuKristu, Mikula isithombe kancane kancane idluliselwe nencazelo yalo Nikolayu Chudotvortsu (Nikola Vernal iholide lobuqaba kugujwa 9 Meyi, kancane kancane sashintsha saba idili entwasahlobo ka St Nicholas.)

Umfanekiso iVolga Svyatoslavich - oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke kuzo zonke uchungechunge "epics Russian heroes." kakhulu Umsuka igama lihlotshaniswa ubuthakathi ethnographers - kusukela igama elithi "umlumbi". Yena - a werewolf oqonda ulimi yezinyoni nezilo. Cishe, kakhulu isithombe - lisuselwa yobuqaba unkulunkulu Volha ukuzingela. Umama iVolga - UMarta V, noyise - inyoka. Tales nezigigaba eziningi iVolga - umlando, lifana Viking yeqhawe ukuxoxelwa imikhankaso yezempi e-Asia kanye esifundeni Indian. Ngosizo magic, kanye anamandla lempi, wadinga ukuze lizuze nabaphikisi.

Kufinyeta uhlanga isikhathi zangaphambi kobuKristu, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi iningi izindaba ugcizelela esiphakeme phakathi heroes Mikula Selyaninovich. Ebhekene nazo Svyatogor, ongumlimi iqhawe ukumqhubela isikhwama lift emhlabathini, okuyinto wafaka "bonke ubunzima emhlabeni." Giant kuhlulekile, Mikula iwine, kokuqeda isenzo oyifunayo ngesandla esisodwa. Ayehlakaniphile umhlangano iVolga, embuze ukusiza eqoqweni kwezintela. Ukuvumelana Mikula wakhumbula igeja ezisele, bafisa ukuba amthathe naye. IVolga wathumela amabutho akhe ngemva kwakhe, yabe isihamba yena. Kodwa isisindo kwaleli bhokisi kudlulwe amandla abo. Base imtholile knight ongumlimi futhi kalula, ngempela zokuphola ezenziwe edingekayo. It lingasho ukuthi incazelo evamile ngenhla ku nokuqaphela igunya of labour ongumlimi? Kufinyeta yeqhawe inkathi yangaphambi kobuKristu, ethnographers itjheje igunya umbono ka catholicity (generality) yeRussia.

Isendlalelo sesibili sihlobene Russian okuqinisekile yobuhlanga uVladimir. "Epics Russian mayelana namaqhawe" Christian sebeqala ukuba adumise ayisekho generalized, zefilosofi, izinhlamvu basezinganekwaneni futhi yangempela emlandweni, "co-wakhonza inkonzo enkulu 'ezweni. Ephakathi futhi isithombe centrifugally Ili Muromtsa. He is iqhawe lomjikelezo, kunezinguqulo ezingaba ngu-90 izindaba. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke phakathi kwabo - mayelana izimpi nge Brigand, Idol kudoti. Umsebenzi Knight sika - ukuvikelwa kobuKristu nangasekuqaleni iRussia indlela yekusetjentiswa yayo - yobuKristu, futhi ikakhulukazi inkonzo Izigodlo. "Silushka nobuqhawe" njengesipho esivela "iziphanzi-pass" isiqephu nobuntu ukuthola owesilisa oneminyaka engu-33 ubudala ofe uhlangothi. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, ithumela silushku yakhe Svyatogor anamandla. Indlela Yokuphila protagonist epics Russian - ezulazulayo. Kungani becabanga kanjalo? Kungani akanaso akukho mkhaya, akukho ekhaya? Mhlawumbe isizathu - ezifungweni lezindela, ngoba ehlanganisa Christian feat nokuzula nobuwula.

Ngakusasa iqhawe ebaluleke kakhulu nendumezulu bobuKristu abuboniswa Dobrynya Nikitich. Lesi sithombe wabonakala umbusi ngenxa Dobrinja, uyisekazi ka-Prince uVladimir Kiev. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso epics eziyisithupha. Yena - servitor lapho uVladimir Red Sun Umkakhe - Vasilisa Mikulishna indodakazi Mikula Selyaninovich. Feat yesiteleka kakhulu kuyinto win sakhe phezu ezintathu esinamakhanda inyoka nomlilo-ukuphefumula Gorynych. Phakathi izindaba ezimnandi ngalo oyiqhawe yesigameko nilwe Iley Muromtsem - yabasubathi, ethembekile fraternization iphelile, bese - umkhankaso ngokuhlanganyela. By endleleni, le ngxabano yabonisa "indawo ababuthakathaka" ngendlela "yobudala" ngaphezulu Eliya - "buthaka ingalo kwesokunxele" (ngokusobala abathintekayo umkhonto isilonda elikhona kwi izinsalela knight ongcwele), unyawo ukwenyela. Magnanimous Dobrynia ayisetshenziswa kuleli cala nizuze inkazimulo onqobile.

Umjikelezo wesithathu knight abadumile - Alyosha Popovich. Lokhu uhlamvu okuboniswe indaba duel nge Tugarin iNyoka kanye tale "Zbrodovichey kahle Nkosazana." Tugarin - generalized isithombe labantu abayimizulane abangophakimpi, ehlasela njalo, ukubamba inkunzi ukubulala, inselele iziboshwa. Umzalwane udade Olena Petrovna Zbrodovichey - Slavic nganekwane uthando sublime owesifazane, kokwehlukanisa bajabule. I sibonelo isazi-mlando iqhawe ushayele Rostov boyar Alexander (Oleshi) Popovic, baye banikela inkonzo enhle kakhulu Vsevolod Nest Big, futhi kamuva - indodana yakhe Constantine Vsevolodovich. Ukufa nobuqhawe hero esikubonile phakathi Battle of the Kalka.

Ukuhlaziya epics Russian Christian mayelana namaqhawe, kumelwe kuvunywe ukuthi izithombe zabo nesandla ekwakhiweni kwabo ezibanzi abantu umuzwa isimo Russian kanye nesidingo ngokungenabugovu ukukhonza lokhokho.