Ezibiyele Embankment, eMoscow (isithombe). Indlela ukuya ezibiyele yashayisa unqenqema?

Kancane kancane ogeleza amanzi omfula eduze ngokubabazekayo eMoscow ezibiyele izindonga. Ugu olusentshonalanga wafakwa empunga egwadle Slabs. Kanye ibhange kwesokunxele River Moskva wabeka olunothile ezibiyele Embankment, phezu ethule wachela amanzi alengayo cwe amafomu emangalisayo yezakhiwo.

Kanye eseningizimu ezibiyele udonga nge imibhoshongo ezinezitezi isipikili nemibhoshongo anameva ngilulekela ububanzi avenue-ezixukwini. River ehlukanisa ke kusukela uthango enhle. Ezibiyele eliphakathi kodonga futhi ingxenye yomgwaqo ebekelwe izimoto Avenue welula yezinyawo kwakhiwa relict limes nge ububanzi kombhede obukhulu.

Lokhu ekhoneni elimangalisayo eMoscow - ezibiyele Embankment. Photo Avenue ne ezibiyele enziwe Elikhulu Stone Bridge kanye UMfula iMoscow, nyakazisa ekujuleni kwenhliziyo.

indawo

elula Embankment kanye ebhange kwesokunxele UMfula iMoscow. It ezicishe zibe Vasilyevsky Spusk futhi Lenivke. Ubude amabhishi, begqoke egwadle, cishe ulingana nobude odongeni eningizimu Kremlin. Avenue kuyinto eseduze Izingxoxo Zotov kanye Alexander Garden. Kuye uya emlonyeni Neglinka.

Seaside emgwaqweni eduze Red Square, Russian Incwadi Chamber, Moskvoretskaya ukuvakasha kanye Prechistenka. ukuvakasha Street kusukela eMoscow River Avenue ehlukanisa kwebhuloho eponymous. Prechistenka kuya ezibiyele yashayisa unqenqema ephambana eduze Big Stone Bridge.

Kanjani lapho

Ubude avenue mikhulu. Muscovites futhi izivakashi we dolobha nje ukuxazulula inkinga ukuthi ukuya ezibiyele yashayisa unqenqema. Behlela phansi esitimeleni. Hlala isitimela, iziteshi kamasipala alandelayo "kubo. Lenin Library" noma "Borovitskaya", lapho ukuhambahamba ngasogwini eningizimu odongeni enqabeni ezibiyele, ukuphumula kwi-Alexander futhi Taynitskom izingadi.

Nge endaweni Manezhnoj futhi wayeshesha esilandelayo eduze ezibiyele ezixukwini. Indlela ukufinyelela ikota nge eziningi izinto ezithakazelisayo? Hlala ku esitimeleni futhi phuma kwelinye iziteshi ezilandelayo: "Alexandrovsky Garden", "Okhotny Ryad", "Lenin Library", "Borovitskaya".

On nendlela yezohwebo eya kwaleli chibi zikanokusho

Ngo XII-XIV eminyaka eceleni ezibiyele izindonga lapho Moskva emfuleni kokungena, kwaba yemigwaqo ngemigwaqo emibili. Ngaleyo ndlela, ukuthi welulela ngasogwini, imzuzele ukubaluleka kwezohwebo. stop Okokuqala at izikebhe ezibukweni abathengisi empumalanga ubani kusuka eMoscow esenana uju kanye uboya wathola izimpahla kwamanye amazwe.

Bese kuthi-ke abathengisi Russian baqala ukuthutha izimpahla zabo ngasemfuleni nezwe imizila, esiqala ngo-izinhlangothi ezahlukene Kremlin. Omunye endleleni eyehlayo ngasogwini, yaqanjwa ngokuthi kanje: ezibiyele Embankment. Moscow ezibiyele endaweni siguqulwe ngokushesha. On the UMfula iMoscow, ngezansana nje kwenqaba ezibukweni lasendulo, wakha ibhuloho omkhulu wokhuni. I ezibiyele esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe izindonga brick nemibhoshongo. Ekupheleni ezixukwini XIV ekhulwini elaba isikhungo ukuphila, maqhugwane yayo uyakhile ukuhweba, bele, amabhentshi, nezinye izinto ngeke liphuke.

Rise and Fall

Ngo 1693 Big Stone izovela esikhundleni ibhuloho lezingodo. Ngu 1708 ogwini lomfula esakhiwe okuvimbezela zobumba futhi zibuswa ukuvikela ngokumelene ayehlasela amabutho Swedish. Kodwa abaseSweden akazange yilo isinyathelo sezempi. inhlokodolobha Russian isuke ku Petersburg kanye ezibiyele Embankment babe endaweni eyihlane iminyaka eminingi. Muscovites ngeke ivumelane landfill wakhe.

ukuguqulwa okusha emigwaqo ugu kuzoqala '62. V. I. Bazhenov ngabe ekubhaleni okufezwayo yayo. Amandla ngamanzi osebeni lwemifula oboshyut izingodo, kodwa ngeke isivikelo kakhulu ngokumelene izikhukhula.

Kwaba emashumini amabili kuphela kamuva, F. M. Kazakov udale esinye kuphrojekthi ekuphuculeni ezibiyele esikuyo. River amabhange ukuqinisa itshe, dala endleleni pass-futhi batshala izihlahla eziningi. Ezibiyele Embankment e Moscow, itshe kuqala uzothola isembatho. Yena isikhathi eside iyoba isikhungo Folk nemikhosi.

Ngo-1836, enze legwadle ukuqedela ezibiyele yashayisa unqenqema. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XIX kuso ukuzoqala competi. Ngo-1911, ngesikhathi ukuqala iringi kwakhiwa Boulevard zazitholakala trams, Conca babe esikhundleni ayakufanelekela. Tram umzila ngethando egade ababiza "Anna".

Manje tram umugqa "Anna" kuhlanganisa ezintathu kweziyishumi we Boulevard Ring kuphela. Ngaphezu izimoto bendabuko lapho abagibeli ehamba tram umugqa sihamba ikhefi "Tavern 'u-Ana".

zokungcebeleka

Avenue Scenic lizungezwe eziningi ezikhangayo ezithakazelisayo, izindawo zomlando kanye nezindawo. Kuyinto eseduze ezibiyele nezinye embankments we UMfula iMoscow. Lapha amanga elimangalisayo epikinikini indawo - Senate Ivanovo, Palace, Cathedral, Red Square kanye Manezh, Vasilevsky Uzalo, Chistye Prudy. Ngesikhathi ezibiyele Wall yamathuna itholakala. Ezibiyele Embankment lizungezwe iminyuziyamu, amasonto, zezindela namasonto.

ezibiyele inqaba

Ekuqaleni, eMoscow ezibiyele abadlale indima insiza ukuzivikela. imibhoshongo yalo 20 babe nezinqaba ezimele zewayini ejulile egcwele kanye nezinhlamvu, imibhoshongo, ngawo abavikeli bavikela edolobheni. Manje ezibiyele - yobukhosi yokuhlala zikahulumeni, walondoloza Museum imisebenzi. Phezu kodonga ezibiyele kukhona yisakhiwo sodumo izinto eMoscow.

uMfula iMoscow

Ogwini we Moskva River amathilomu ethokomele eyayihambisana marinas kanye apula izihlahla. Kusukela pier ngezikhathi silahle ubumnandi izikebhe. Uhambo emfuleni ihlala cishe imizuzu engu-40, ukugcwalisa umphefumulo ngemizwelo emnandi. I amapaki kanye izingadi ukuhlela imikhosi kanye nemibukiso omangalisayo.

Alexander engadini

Ngokusho ekhoneni ozithandayo injabulo - Alexander Garden - ukusebenzisa imizila emithathu, abahlukaniswe ngasezindongeni enqabeni ezibiyele kanye Manege Square. Lesi siqiwu ligcwele izingoma omangalisayo lindens, maples nesihlahla sonwele okwesibhakabhaka, amalungiselelo yokuqala nezihlahla eziqhakazayo amahle, enhle kakhulu imbali izingadi nemithombo kwendle. amasango Massive, yensimbi cast futhi wambozwa ngezivatho zempi, vula eyinhloko yokungena kwepaki. Bona - isikhumbuzi elingukungaboli lokunqoba wezempi Russian.

Kukhona izikhumbuzo eziningi izindawo zamasiko nezomlando kuleli paki. Alexander Garden, ekufezeni ukuthunywa okuvela eyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo, inama sivale indlela engena emgedeni Italian nge platform yokubuka, umbhoshongo Kutafya, Obelisk we Romanovs, ebaziwe ka uMphathi weSonto Hermogenes futhi isikhumbuzo anikezelwe izimpi 1812 futhi 1941 sika.