FSB yenzani lokho? I-Federal Security Service sase-Russian Federation: amandla

Njengoba sazi, yiliphi izwe - kuyinto yenhlangano enkulu esinikeza ejwayelekile ezanele lokuphila labantu bayo. Ngakho, inhlalakahle ezweni oluthinta ngqo izinga lempilo yezakhamuzi zawo. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, zinesibopho ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa isimo. Leli qiniso abantu baye baqaphela endulo, okuyinto kwaholela ekusungulweni wamabutho. abameleli balo bebelokhu nenhlonipho nokuduma emphakathini.

Nokho, ngaphezu ezivamile zamabutho empi, ejensi ukuphepha babukhona nakwa wonke amandla, ezazilwa intelligence kwamanye amazwe endaweni yayo. izinhlangano ezinjalo ezimweni eziningi lwenteke nemisebenzi yabo emthunzini ukucashela prying amehlo izindlela nezindlela yokusebenza. Noma kunjalo, namuhla ukuba khona kanye nokusebenza izakhiwo eziningi zezokuvikela akusona isimanga, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje cishe kuwo wonke amazwe.

Njengoba-Russia ke ezweni lethu futhi kukhona umnyango ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha, noma e-FSB. Yini le nhlangano, isakhiwo kanye umsebenzi wayo Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi esihlokweni.

Uyini FSC?

I-Federal Security Service sase-Russian Federation - indikimba injongo ekhethekile, okuqondene ngqongqotshe. It nokobana umsebenzi othize empeleni yayo. umzimba federal lomsebenzi kuhloswe ukwesekwa esibanzi sokulondeka kazwelonke. Kuyaphawuleka, FSB, kanye FSO, le SVR futhi GFS libhekisela amasevisi ekhethekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ejensi egunyazwe ukuba afeze uphenyo lokuqala futhi imisebenzi-yosesho ngaphakathi kwegunya layo. I-FSB eziqaphile ngqo uMongameli Russian Federation, ngokusebenzisa Umqondisi. Inhloko-FSB namuhla - Bortnikov, u-Alexander Vasilievich. Isibalo sabasebenzi oluthathwa inkonzo.

Umlando sokudalwa

Kunezinganekwane eziningi mayelana kule nkampani, FSB. Lisho ukuthini leli umzimba, it is ukuthi owaziwayo kohlaka zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele elawula imisebenzi yayo. Ngakolunye imisebenzi Akekho owaziyo. Nokho, isithakazelo akuyona kuphela imisebenzi e-FSB, kodwa indaba eside. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkonzo ekhethekile yasungulwa esinqumweni esemthethweni uMongameli Russian ngo-1993.

Kodwa njengoba inkonzo lokhu kwenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XX. Yaba incwadi sikakhokho leKomiti eziphuthumayo, esungulwe ngokushesha emva kwempi. Cheka baba umzimba omkhulu ehlinzekela ubushiqela sabasebenzi. Abamele izinhlangano elwa esiphikisayo revolution, kanye nabamele amaqembu ezigelekeqe eyingozi kakhulu amandla ngesikhathi eRussia. I ngundlalifa Cheka waba NKVD, kamuva kwaba ihlelwe kabusha zibe iKomiti Yokuphepha Yezwe. Authority isinyathelo kuze kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Lapho isimo wathi beqiniso lashabalala, kwaphakama umbuzo yokudala iyunithi ekubhekaneni ukuphepha komphakathi eRussia ezimele. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, onjalo kwakuyiNkosi igunya eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha.

Kuwo wonke umlando walo, eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha kutsi uhlele izikhathi eziningana. Izinguquko amaningi enziwa ngo-2003 no-2004. Esimweni sokuqala, isevisi umngcele unogada yethulwa e-FSB. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba kabusha izisebenzi ukuphepha ekwakhekeni nasekumeni komzimba. Isibalo lomqondisi FSB lancipha laba abane nambili.

isilawuli zokulawula

Imisebenzi le-FSB nezinye izakhiwo esifuze Kwenziwa ngesisekelo imithetho eqondile. Ngamanye amazwi, kukhona ehlukile base ejwayelekile. Ngakho, emsebenzini walo luqondiswe amalungiselelo e-FSB ezilandelayo nezenzo ezisemthethweni:

1. RF uMthethosisekelo.
2. FZ "Ngo eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha."
3. izenzo normative soMthetho woHulumeni.
4. Ama-oda zoMnyango.

Uhlu ethulwa kwemibhalo zokulawula ebonisa ukuthi imisebenzi le-FSB iyinhlangano esemthethweni futhi bebheka yeningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhalo esemthethweni ukuchaza izinkomba zomzimba.

Imisebenzi Izikhungo KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha

Umthetho "Ngo eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha," inikeza uhlu oluphelele izindawo lapho ejensi lucwaningo umsebenzi. Kufanele kuqashelwe yokuthi kungenzeka isevisi sengezwe ukuchibiyela izimiso ezifanele. Kulokhu, kufanele kuphawulwe, ukulondeka Russian Federation - is Yiqiniso, umsebenzi oyinhloko okukhulunywa ngayo uMnyango sihloko. Nokho, luyasetshenziswa icubungulisise, ie bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Ngakho, kuze kube manje, FSC usebenza ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• ekulweni izinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu zobugebengu;
• ekulweni Abashisekeli nobuphekula;
• ukuqaliswa esiphikisayo intelligence;

• ukuvikelwa emngceleni;
• ukuphepha emkhakheni kolwazi.

Yamanje umthetho federal futhi ichaza nezinye izindima womsebenzi FSB, isibonelo, ukuqaliswa abo ekulwa nebugebengu.

Isakhiwo umnyango

Umthetho "Ngo eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha" ngezindlela eziningi kunikeza siyiqonde isakhiwo inkonzo ehlinzekwe esihlokweni. Lo magazini iyona ethakazelisa kakhulu. Phela, isakhiwo ikhombisa kuqala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene inkonzo. Ngakho, kuze kube manje, e izilawuli ezilandelayo zifakiwe, amasevisi kanye neminyango FSB:

• umshini Office uqobo;
• Counterintelligence Izikhungo kuphinde kuvikelwe namalungelo kanye uhlelo ngokomthethosisekelo Russian Federation;
• inkonzo nokuvikeleka kwezomnotho orientation;
• Border, service izisebenzi kanye zonogada ezizimele;
• UMnyango Investigation;
• Military counterintelligence uMnyango.

Kukhona nezinye izindawo, ukuhlukana ezincane ngaphezulu ezakha le-FSB. Yini umnyango ibhizinisi ngamunye, kungaqondakala ngokuhlaziya zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele neminye imininingwane esemthethweni mayelana service.

amayunithi Special

FSB ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukene ngokuphelele emsebenzini kulezo noma enye insizakalo zokwakheka kwesakhiwo. Nokho, kukhona amayunithi ezibekwe phambi injongo ekhethekile. kumiswa Unjalo Centre e-FSB Special Operations. isilawuli ezimbili usebenza ngezithako zawo: "A" ( "okuzenzakalelayo") futhi "B" ( "pennant"). Amayunithi wahlanganyela imisebenzi ethize. Ngokwesibonelo, "Alpha" - inhlangano esungulwe yokulwa nobuphekula kalowo wokutakula nokuxazulula nezinye izinkinga ezibaluleke. Amabutho "Alpha" ngokuvamile ukwenza imisebenzi e asobala ezifana Chechnya, Dagestan m. P.

Ngokuqondene 'Vympel "amayunithi, ke ingenye imfihlo kakhulu namuhla. Inombolo, umyalo nokulawula abasebenzi okudalwa ukungazi. Le nhlangano iphinde uzungezwe nge imfihlakalo. kusebenta kwato kuphela namahemuhemu liyokwahlulelwa, owawuthi, "Vympel" isetshenziselwa imisebenzi phesheya.

Ikakhulukazi ubhoko

Noma yimuphi abasebenzi ejensi kahulumeni othatha ngokucophelela. FSB kulokhu bezokhonza emzimbeni njengoba amasosha noma ezisetshenziswa umphakathi amalungelo yohlobo. Kulokhu, Office wakhuthaza abantu asebavele ngezinga emikhakheni ethile yomsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona Academy olukhethekile KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha. Kulesi semfundo ukulungiselela izikhulu kwabamele ezithile iminyango neminyango.

isiphetho

Ngakho, sazama sihlaziye izici isakhiwo esinjalo, FSB. Lisho ukuthini leli umzimba, ikakhulu yayo isakhiwo uhlelo kanye nabasebenzi Futhi liye echazwe esihlokweni. Kwethenjwa ukuthi esikhathini esizayo ejensi ngeke kuphela ukuthuthukisa emsebenzini wabo, ngoba umsebenzi wayo kuhlobene ukuphepha kwe-Russia.