Hepatitis C: ubude bempilo. ukuxilongwa ngendlela efanele nokwelashwa kweziguli hepatitis C

Hepatitis C yisifo esithathelanayo kwesibindi. Ngokwezibalo, lesi sifo sithinta abantu abangaphezu kuka-170 kwezigidi ezingu emhlabeni wonke. unyaka ngamunye sitholakale iziguli eziyizigidi ezingu-3-4, futhi uphethwe ezimbi kaningi ukuzwa intsha kule minyaka yamuva. Cabanga ukuthi kungani kukhona isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kwabantu lesi sifo nezindlela okungenzeka ukwelashwa.

Ingqikithi yalo isifo

Engena phakathi isibindi, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C igciwane esandisa ngokushesha. Ukubhubhisa amaseli bese okubangela ukufa kwabo, ke kuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa inqubo eqhubekayo ukuvuvukala. Njengoba ezothatha isikhundla amaseli isibindi enempilo by ezicutshini, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C igciwane kuphakamisa ngokoma kwesibindi, isibindi futhi kubangele ngisho umdlavuza.

ukudluliswa endleleni

Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngegazi. Phakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu igciwane engena emzimbeni womuntu kungenziwa waphawula:

· Okuphindaphindayo ukusetshenziswa yezidakamizwa izinaliti;

· Transfusion igazi isiguli hepatitis C umuntu enempilo;

· I umsebenzi abasebenzi bezokwelapha ne elinegciwane lomzimba.

It is wafakazela ukuthi kukhona kungenzeka ukutheleleka ngokuhlangana ngokocansi, kodwa kwenzeka ngempela akuvamile (akukho kuka-5% amacala). Inani ezifanayo Amathuba ekubeni othwala igciwane kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukudlula ingane ngokusebenzisa emgudwini wokuzala. Kuze kube manje, kukhona ukuntuleka kobufakazi obanele ku ukudluliselwa igciwane ngobili lwebele lapho ondla. Lapho oxhumana yasendlini lesi sifo ayihambi.

igciwane genotypes

Lapho sitholakele "hepatitis C" bempilo incike genotype igciwane, umzimba elinegciwane. Ezikhathini zanamuhla sathola 6 genotypes nge subtypes ezahlukene. Ngakho, iningi amagciwane zitholiwe igazi iziguli genotypes 1, 2, 3. ejwayelekile kakhulu Yiqiniso okunzima sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, okwakubekelwa esibangelwa igciwane 1b-genotype.

symptomatology

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo kwesibindi kohlobo viral, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C ejwayelekile ukusakaza isikhathi eside futhi ulula. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni lesi sifo kuhluka ezingu-20 kuya 140. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zesifo isikhathi eside engekho ngokuphelele, okwenza kwaba nzima ukuba uphethwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Izinsolo hepatitis C esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo kufanele kwenzeke ebukhoneni izici ezifana:

· Ukukhathala, ukungabi namandla, ubuthakathaka;

· Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukukhanyisa situlo, belching nge Bile;

· Imfiva isikhathi eside, ukuqaqamba kwamalunga omzimba, Ukugodola;

· Staining Icteric kwesikhumba futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila;

· Ubuhlungu isibindi.

Ezinye iziguli bakhononda ngokuthi ngaphezu ikhanda kanye isikhumba silume. esesuthi iziyaluyalu avele ukuthuthukiswa sifo. Ezimweni eziningi, i-hepatitis ekugcineni esakha kwifomu ezingamahlalakhona. Nokho, zingu-20% eziguli namanje ukufinyelela ukululama ngokugcwele. Izimpawu kwesibindi kohlobo C yilezi:

· Ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala futhi ukozela. Isiguli evuka ekuseni kanzima futhi lukhetha isikhathi eside ngaphandle esukuma, alale phansi embhedeni.

· Guqula kwimodi yokulala. Ezigulini libhekene ukuqwasha ebusuku futhi ukozela emini. Lezi izimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa of encephalopathy hepatic.

· I elikhula ngokushesha iziyaluyalu dyspeptic: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukungakuthandi ukudla.

Ukugula efomini ezingamahlalakhona uyakwazi amashumi. Abantu abaningi abaphila ne-hepatitis C, ngisho azi ukuthi imizimba yabo wamshaya igciwane sina.

ukuhlola

Ukukhomba hepatitis C nesineke okungahle kwenzeke, kufanele ibuyiselwe enzyme-exhumene Assay immunosorbent (ELISA test) evumela ukuthola khona igazi omzimba athile (anti-HCV). Nokho, lolu cwaningo likhulu okungenzeka ngokwanele ukuthola umphumela omuhle iqiniso (uma umuntu empeleni enempilo, kodwa ukuhlolwa uthi iyagula). Ukuze uqinisekise lesi yi siyasebenza ukuhlaziywa olwenziwa immunoblot isakhi sokuzakhela. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo yi yayo omuhle ubonisa kuphela khona amasosha omzimba emzimbeni, kodwa hhayi ukuba khona igciwane kuyo.

Okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa lesi sifo, lapho athuthukile khona amasosha omzimba ngokwanele, immunoblot isakhi sokuzakhela futhi ELISA ungakwazi ukuxilonga hepatitis C engakhi, kuyilapho eqinisweni igciwane ixazululwe kakade emzimbeni womuntu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, indlela onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke ucwaningo isekela ukuhlola i-PCR (polymerase chain reaction), okuvumela ukuba abone hhayi kuphela khona egazini-hepatitis C virus, kodwa futhi ukunquma degree of wegciwane.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa Hepatitis C

Izibuyekezo lodokotela abonisa ukuthi sifo siyelapheka, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - okufika ngesikhathi ukuthola khona layo futhi bafune iseluleko wezokwelapha. Kukhethwa ukwelashwa njalo ngabanye kanye kuncike ubulili of isiguli, genotype we-hepatitis C virus, izinga lomonakalo isibindi. Ngokuvamile ebekiwe izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane, kanye nezidakamizwa kabani isinyathelo sibhekiswe ngcono umzimba ozivikela ngayo. Faka inhlanganisela izidakamizwa ezimbili: interferon-alpha ne ribavirin. Interferon - iprotheni, kuphendulwa ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B igciwane ikhiqizwa umzimba ngokwemvelo. Umuthi kuqinisa amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe namagciwane. Ribavirin buyisidakamizwa, kuvimbela igciwane ukufanisana. Ukuze ekwelapheni iziguli isifo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma okunzima ngokuvamile futhi ebekiwe protease inhibitor ( "Boceprevir" "Insivek"). Ngokwe-isici umsebenzi elwa namagciwane izidakamizwa, okuyinto kakhulu ebambezela igciwane ukufanisana inqubo.

Omunye ngentuthuko yakamuva emkhakheni yokwelapha namagciwane ka-hepatitis C kubhekwa sofosbuvir lomele inhibitor RNA polymerase, okwenza kube ukukhiqizwa kabusha cishe akunakwenzeka igciwane kumaseli isibindi. izilingo zokwelapha baye babonisa ngempumelelo eliphezulu futhi baqinisekisa ukuphepha ukusetshenziswa kwalo.

Imiphumela yokwelashwa

Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa cishe 100% eziguli ngamagciwane we genotypes 2 kanye 3rd eqeda ukululama ephelele. Nakuba ukusebenza yokulwa-hepatitis C virus genotype 1% 50 kuphela. Amathuba yokutakula incike izici ngamunye lesi sifo, isiguli amakhono professional onguchwepheshe ekwelapheni.

Isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kweziguli hepatitis C

Igciwane ngokwayo ayisona a usengozini ofayo, kuphela ikhuthaza impilo isiguli kunciphisa izinqubo womuntu sokugembula. Akunakwenzeka ukuhlonza okufanayo bonke abantu utheleleke nge umkhawulo wesikhathi othize, lapho okwenzeka isahola umzimba ekubhujisweni nokufa. Ngo leso sifo, ezifana ne-hepatitis C, isikhathi nokuphila kuncike ezintweni eziningi, ezinye zazo yilezi:

· Mode yokudlulisela igciwane;

· Iziguli yobudala kanye ocansini;

· Isimo amasosha omzimba;

· Isikhathi ukutheleleka;

· Ukwelashwa Esifike Ngesikhathi;

· Ukuhlala enempilo;

· Ukuba khona noma ukungabi khona izifo elikulesi sihloko okungamahlalakhona (yokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela).

Ngo-30% eziguli kanye ukuqhubeka kwesifo kungenzeka emva kokutheleleka iminyaka engu-50, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi laba bantu babe njalo ithuba lokuphila isikhathi eside. Futhi, 30% itheleleke ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo isikhawu ngemuva esigabeni sokuqala ngaphambi ukuthuthukiswa isibindi sibe sesomile lingaphansi kuka iminyaka engu-20. Abantu ababusebenzisa kabi utshwala ukuthuthukisa isifo sokusha emva kweminyaka 5-8 kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima nabantwana futhi bekubheka sifo abadala.

Impilo kweziguli hepatitis C

Iziguli hepatitis C kufanele bathathe zonke izinyathelo ezidingekile ukuze singathwesi ziphathe abantu enempilo. Futhi, iziguli kudingeka shintshani indlela yenu yokuphila ukuze kuncishiswe noma, okungcono, ayishiye ngokuphelele utshwala, hhayi umthwalo ngokwabo emisebenzini yezandla kungakwenza esindayo, ukuqeda kusukela ekudleni ukudla okubabayo futhi ethosiwe.

Kuyasiza sihlanganyele emidlalweni, ukudla, adle izithelo eziningi kanye nemifino. Kufanele aphathwe ngokuqapha ukuthola amaphilisi ukudla amavithamini ukuthi ezingapheli zingayilimaza kwesibindi. yokuhlanza Kunconywe nokugcina isibindi gepatoprotektory, amakhambi homeopathic. cwaningo avamile, survey ukusiza ukuqapha wegciwane. Kubalulekile ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba isebenze-anti-virus izivikelo. Lapho sitholakele "hepatitis C" bempilo ukwandisa amandla umuntu ngamunye, kudingeka kalula kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo ukusebenzisa konke ukungenelela izincomo uchwepheshe.