Hypocalcemia: izimpawu, izimbangela, ukwelashwa

Hypocalcemia - ubulwelwe lapho liphakeme ngendlela engavamile eliphansi serum calcium. I zokugula ngokuvamile uhambisana ukungakhuli izinqubo electrophysiological. Lesi simo singenzeka kunoma ifomu oyingozi noma ezingamahlalakhona.

Hypocalcemia. Kuyini lokhu?

Hypocalcemia - a zokugula lapho igazi calcium ezingeni ngezansi 2.2 mmol / l. Lokhu kwaziswa emzimbeni itholakala ogxile e ithambo (cishe 99%) kanye plasma (cishe 1%). Nge-calcium ukuntula ku-plasma iqala excretion yayo kusukela amathambo. Ngakho ukulinganisela okudingekayo inakekelwa.

Kubalulekile kakhulu ngokushesha ukukhomba imbangela isifo futhi baqala ukwelashwa okufanelekile. Kungenjalo, ukuntuleka kwe-calcium kungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwawo wonke umzimba, phezu kwesimo sabantu. ukunakekela okukhethekile yilesi sifo edingwa seziguli ezisencane.

Hypocalcemia: Izimbangela

• Hypoparathyroidism. Endabeni ischemia isikhathi eside we nezindlala parathyroid noma hypoplasia zabo ngokushesha egazini ukwehla elibukhali i-hormone parathyroid, okuyinto kwakudingeka balondoloze amazinga physiologically evamile nge-calcium ion. Ngenxa yalokho, lo izidakamizwa is excreted ngu izinso imali ngokweqile.
• isifo wamathumbu okuyiwona ukumuncwa iphazamisekile mucosa emathunjini amancane calcium.
• Ahola - ukumisa Bile ngokufaka emathunjini amancane, esidingeka ngalo ingaphakathi wokugaya ukudla.
• Hypovitaminosis D, noma ukuzabalazela wesenzo.
• Toxic-shock syndrome - lena esinye isizathu.
• calcium egazini ayikwazi aphuthelwe ngenxa ukubhujiswa kwamanyikwe. Ukuvuvukala kunomthelela sebethule kancane kancane nosawoti efana ezindaweni necrosis amafutha.
• Ukudlulela izimila emikhulu.
• Ukwemukelwa amaqembu athile emithi (isisu, anticonvulsants, antibiotic).
• zokugula Pediatric eba ngenxa ukusuthisa ubisi inkomo noma Izingxube nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu phosphorus.

emitholampilo isithombe

calcium okuphansi egazini isikhathi eside angeke ukubonisa izimpawu ejwayelekile. Ngemva kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi kuholela zokugula kuphazamiseka umsebenzi ebuchosheni futhi abangele izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa: ukudangala, ukungakuthandi inkumbulo, ukuhhema, ukudideka. Uma kungenzeka ukuba ngokushesha kujwayeleke isimo, lezi zimpawu yilezi emuva.

okuhlushwa ngokweqile eliphansi le-calcium egazini kungabangela ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukunsonsotha izindebe nolimi. Ezimweni sina ngokukhethekile, isiguli Ukudlikizela, imisipha zibe of amalaka, tetany.

Ikhona yini enye indlela abonisa ngayo hypocalcemia? Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise:

1. Oluhambisana / hypocoagulation syndrome. Lesi simo sihambisana ngokweqile ukopha izinsini ngenxa igazi ekunqandeni. Calcium ukuntula kwandisa permeability izindonga isitsha.
2. Dystrophic izicubu ukuguqulwa. Bona azibonakali ngesimo fragility anda izinwele nezinzipho, ezihlukahlukene yokulimala amazinyo, ukuthuthukiswa esweni.
3. Inhliziyo isigqi thuthuva.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu zokugula

Hlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili isifo: hypocalcemia chronic oyingozi. Izimpawu zinezikhathi ukubukeka wokugcina omkhulu cytolysis syndrome. Kulokhu, i-calcium ionized esuswa igazi ngokushesha. Pathology kuyahluka inchubekelembili okusheshayo uma cytolysis nayo ephelezelwa esingamahlalakhona kwezinso.

Kunenye ngezigaba zesifo. Hypocalcemia kuyinto:

1. Functional (athuthukile ngenxa ukuphazamiseka yangaphakathi isitho izinhlelo).
2. Toxigenic (ezakhiwe ukusetshenziswa amaqembu athile izidakamizwa, umphumela ezinobuthi).
3. Ukwephula ukulawulwa evamile nge-calcium-phosphorus-magnesium exchange.

Izici hypocalcemia ezinganeni

Lokhu zokugula kungenziwa kutholakala izingane yanoma yimuphi yobudala. Ububi calcium ne phosphorous ukudla, vitamin D - kuyinto yisizathu esivame kakhulu echaza ukubukeka izifo ezifana hypocalcemia. Izimpawu zalesi sifo zivame kakhulu liphinyiselwe icala uma ingane iye yathuthuka ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. It libhekene izimpawu zokwelapha ezilandelayo:

• tetany atypical, esizibonakalisa engakhululekile kanjani lapho ihamba.
• Cramping kwemisipha ithole.
• uhudo eziphikelelayo.
• Ukwandiswa ingcindezi intracranial.
• Laryngospasm.

Hypocalcemia ezinganeni - lena zokugula esinzulu okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Inattention ukuze impilo yengane kungaholela yezinkinga ezingalindelekile.

Hypocalcemia emva kokuzalwa

Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane iyisifo e abesifazane abevile kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Senzeka ifomu oyingozi futhi kuhambisana ukukhubazeka emphinjeni, ulimi, isisu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, owesifazane equlekile. Kwangemva Kokubeletha hypocalcemia, izimbangela zazo bengayiqondi ngokugcwele, libhekisela yezifo endocrine nemvelo.

izinyathelo zokuxilonga

Ngokuvamile, isifo obonwa ithuba ngesikhathi kuhlolwa isimiso. calcium okuphansi egazini itholiwe futhi ngemuva kokuhlolwa igazi. Yingakho zokugula kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini futhi izimpawu nobuntu kamuva. Ukuze kutholakale imbangela, eyasebenza njengodonga sokuthuthuka, udokotela angase eminye ukhethe eziningi izindlela zokuxilonga (ukuhlolwa igazi kwamakhemikhali, i-MRI yezitho zangaphakathi, ithambo-X-ray, ECG).

Yini ukwelashwa iyadingeka?

Kulesi isifo kubaluleke kakhulu hhayi kuphela ukwenza i-ukuntuleka calcium, kodwa futhi ukuze sisuse izimbangela zalo kungenzeka.

Lapho zaphathwa iziguli hypoparathyroidism esikhundleni yokwelapha nabenzeli hormone. Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile njengoba lesi sifo ecashile ingasetshenziswa ukuqeda futhi kuvimbele hypercalcemia (isimo lapho kukhona igazi calcium lenyuke). Uma isiguli awunankinga izidakamizwa ukumuncwa emathunjini amancane, ukwelashwa okunjalo esikhathini esifushane kungaba nemiphumela emihle, kuhlanganise ifomu ezinzima zalesi sifo.

Ngo ukuhlaselwa tetany ngemithambo yegazi iqondiswa izixazululo-calcium chloride. Khumbula ukuthi le mithi obulimaza izindonga imithambo. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza umjovo ngokusebenzisa ipayipi emaphakathi noma emthanjeni omkhulu.

Ukuze ekwelapheni izifo e ezingamahlalakhona iziguli isigaba ebekiwe vitamin D (isibonelo, "Calcitriol", "ergocalciferol"), kanye ne-calcium amalungiselelo e ifomu tablet. Umthamo kwemithi akhethiwe umuntu ngamunye, kuye ngokuthi izici ze-isifo okuthiwa "hypocalcemia".

Ukwelashwa sihlanganisa ngokugcinwa olukhethekile lokudla. Ukudla kufanele enothisa ukudla nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu magnesium vitamin D (ubisi, izithelo ezomisiwe, imifino, okusanhlamvu ezihlukahlukene). Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi yokwelapha kunconywa ukulahla ngokweqile okunamafutha ukudla, ngibhema izimpahla wabhaka ukhukhamba. Nutrition kufanele kube ingxenyenamba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi nawe ungadla ngokuvamile kodwa izingxenye ezincane. Lokho kudla kunomphumela omuhle ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, kakhulu ngcono izinqubo umzimba.

yezinkinga kungenzeka

Kwehliswe noma ukwanda kwemithwalo calcium egazini nomphumela ofanayo omubi wonke umzimba. Lapho izimpawu hypocalcemia kuyadingeka ngaphandle kokulibala ukufuna usizo lukadokotela futhi ibhekane course Kunconywa yokwelashwa. Uma kungenjalo, liyakhula amathuba ukwakha esiyingozi kunalokho ukuba nezinkinga zempilo. Lezi zihlanganisa ale nkinga, neuritis, edema we emsipheni optic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amacala ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo futhi ukubukeka ukusonteka ezibucayi lwamathambo.

izinyathelo

Singabonisa kanjani ekuvimbeleni izifo ezifana ne hypocalcemia? Izimpawu zalesi sifo kuthiwa ngakho ona izinga lokuphila kakhulu ukuthi iziguli eziningi hhayi kungasiza Ngokubuza lo mbuzo.

Okokuqala ochwepheshe batusa kakhulu kubuketa ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Kungcono ususe noma yimaphi imikhiqizo eyingozi, engeza ukudla ngendlela enempilo kakhudlwana futhi efanele. Njengoba ekuvimbeleni isifo, odokotela belulekwa ukuba banamathele ezimisweni esikudlayo ezinhle: steamed noma ephekwe eziko, udle encane, ukudla njalo. Kubalulekile ziyahlukahluka imikhiqizo yokudla nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu magnesium kavithamini D.

Kunconywa ukuba ukhawule ukusetshenziswa laxatives. Uma unezinkinga wamathumbu motility, kubalulekile ukuba uthintane kuchwepheshe. He lamula you nga uqonde hhayi nje kuphela imbangela ecashile ukuqunjelwa, kodwa futhi ukuze ukhethe yokwelapha esebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ikhona yini enye indlela engingayenza ukuvimbela isifo? Izimbangela lesi sifo zivame kufihlwe ukungasebenzi pheshana emathunjini. Nokho, ukwelashwa kwezifo yaleli pheshana gastro-emathunjini ukuze sigweme izinkinga nge ukuntula in igazi calcium.

Sithemba ukuthi lonke ulwazi oluhlinzekwe kule athikili mayelana nezifo ezithé chithi saka kangaka namuhla kuyoba ngawe empeleni abe wusizo. Hlala uphilile!