I-Armenian Church yaseSt. Hripsime (Yalta, eCrimea)

Kwaphela izinkulungwane zeminyaka, iCrimea yayiyindawo yabantu abaningi. Njengoba kuboniswe imibhalo yomlando, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-7 AD base-Armenia bahlala ensimini yabo. Ukuvuselelwa ngokukhethekile kwabameleli balaba bantu e-peninsula kwaqala ukuvela neGenese, owagqugquzela abantu abahilelekile kwezohwebo, nabasebenzi bezobuciko.

Ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, umphakathi wabo ohlala ngokukhululekile futhi ohlangene waxoshwa izikhathi eziningana kwezinye izifunda. Okwamanje, kunabantu abangaba ngu-11 000 abahlala esiqhingini - inani elifanayo nabaningi base-Armenia babethunyelwe ngokuqinile ukusuka eCrimea baya eKazakhstan, esifundazweni saseVis ngo-1944.

Emakhulwini ayi-14 emphakathini owakhelwe eKafana (Theodosia), i-Orabazar (i-Armyansk), i-Yalta nakwamanye amadolobha eziningi zakhiwo ezakhayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wanika u-Ivan (Hovhannes) u-Aivazovsky umdwebi omkhulu wezilwandle zasolwandle. I-Church yaseSt. Hripsime (Yalta) futhi ingenye yezikhumbuzo ezivelele zase-Armenia zaseCrimea .

Umbhalo wokuqala

Ngo-1905 umlimi wamafutha ocebile, u-Pogos Ter-Ghukasyan, wafika eYalta evela eBaku, owawushintsha igama lakhe waba isiRussia futhi wayaziwa kangcono ngokuthi uPavel Osipovich Gukasov.

Wacela iziphathimandla zaseYalta, ecela imvume yokwakha isonto labaphostoli base-Armenia egqumeni laseDarsan. Indoda enenhlanhla enkulu kangaka ayikwazanga ukuphikiswa, futhi ngokushesha umakhi uG. Ter-Mikaelov wafika edolobheni ngesimemo sakhe. Kunqunywe ukuthatha njengesibonelo umfanekiso wesonto lasendulo lobuKristu edolobheni laseArmenian laseVagarshapat (isayithi le-UNESCO, elisekelwe ngo-618).

Hripsime oNgcwele

Inhloso yokwakha isonto kwakuzoqhubeka nokukhumbuza inkumbulo yendodakazi kaTer-Ghukasyan, owafa esemncane kusukela ekusetshenzisweni. Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi ubaba wanquma ukunikezela isonto intombi kumuntu okhohlisayo-umfel 'ukholo uHripsime (emkhosini wama-Orthodox waseRussia uHripsimia). Umsanta wayehlala ngaphansi kombusi uDiocletian ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka lemithathu futhi wayengowomndeni wasebukhosini. WayengumKristu futhi wayezozinikela eNkosini. U-Emperor-pagan waxoshwa kuye, kodwa wenqatshwa. Intombazana yabalekela emhumeni eNtabeni iArarati, lapho iSaint Gayane ihlala (e-Orthodoxy yaseGaia) kanye namantombazane angu-40. E-Armenia, uHripsime akazange athole ukuthula, ngoba uTarar Trdat wayefuna ukumbona njengomkakhe wesibili. Njengoba wenqatshelwe, wayala ukuba ahlukumeze abulale le ntombazane nabangane bakhe, iNkosi eyamenza waba yisithumba. USt. Gregory ophulukisiwe, wabe esebhapathizwa nabo bonke abantu ngo-301, futhi i-Armenia yaba umbuso wokuqala wamaKristu emhlabeni.

Ukwakhiwa

ISonto lase-Armenian laseSt. Hripsime (Yalta) lakhiwa isikhathi eside futhi lalingcweliswa kuphela ngo-1917. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela wawudlula konke okwakulindelwe, ngenxa yomsebenzi kaGabriel Ter-Mikaelov waba yinto eyiyo yobuciko. Wachitha iminyaka engu-4 kulo msebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umakhi akazange akhiphe ikhophi eqondile, kodwa wasebenzisa izici zethempeli lasendulo likaSt. Hripsime njengesisekelo sokubonakala kwesakhiwo esisha ngokuphelele.

Umklamo wangaphakathi

Isonto laphinde lathola umhlobiso omuhle wangaphakathi. Ukwakha umdwebo ezindongeni zethempelini, umculi uVardges Sureniants wamenywa - umbhali weFresco eyaziwa kakhulu e-Armenia ye-Our Lady, amakhophi alokho akhona emasontweni amaningi e-apostolic emhlabeni jikelele. Kusukela ngo-1910, wayeyilungu lenhlangano yama-Wanderers aseRussia futhi uye wakhipha imisebenzi eminingi eMaryinsky Theatre.

Amafresco, ngenxa yemizamo yakhe, ayehlotshiswe iSonto laseSt. Hripsime (Yalta), abulawa ngokulandela amaphethini wezithombe zabangcwele, awafunda e-Holy See ka-Etchmiadzin, nangama-miniature asendulo.

Ngemva kokushona kukaSynynyants wangcwatshwa egcekeni lesonto, futhi ngesikhathi seSoviet ingcwaba lakhe lalihlotshiswe nge-marble slab.

Incazelo yesakhiwo

ISonto lase-Armenian laseSt. Hripsime linomthelela we-cross equateral. Phakathi nendawo kumelela i-dome ekhonjiwe, isici samasonto angamaKristu aseTranscaucasia naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. I-Pharos tuff yemvelaphi yomsakazo yasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwesonto nokuhlobisa kwayo. Yileli tshe, ngenxa yokusebenza kwalo okulula, evunyelwe ukwakha imihlobiso enhle yesakhiwo.

Ithempeli lineminyango emibili, kodwa eyodwa kuphela - engasentshonalanga - ingokoqobo futhi ihlotshiswe ngezingcango zokhuni eziqoshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphesheya kwalesi sakhiwo kuyisikhumbuzo sencwaba kanye ne-bas-reliefs yamagundane amabili. Ukubonakala kwalokhu kungena esontweni kuhlotshiswe ne-colonnade yamakholomu angu-6.

Ingeniso yesibili ukuhlobisa (amanga) futhi itholakala eningizimu yethempeli. Uhamba ngezinyawo, lapho izinyathelo zamatshe eziyikhulu eziholela khona. Ngalunye uhlangothi umnyango uhlotshiswe nge-slender, yew eliphezulu. Isitezi sesibili sakhiwo sakhiwe ngegalari eline-arched emkhathini, kanti okwesithathu igqoke isiphambano, esekelwe amafasitela amabili amakhulu amakhulu.

IThe Legend

Labo ababejwayelene noPogos Ter-Ghukasyan babiza ibandla laseSt. Hripsime (Yalta) izinyembezi (e-Armenia - Arthasuk). Ukufa kokuqala kwentombazane yakhe ethandekayo akuyona kuphela inhlekelele ekuphileni kwe-tycoon yamafutha. Ngaphambi kokuphela kokukwakhiwa, indodana kaTer-Ghukasyan endala yabulawa ngaphansi kwezimo ezingacacile, futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokhu, omncane wazibulala, owalahlekelwa amakhadi amaningi futhi akazange afune ukucela usizo kuyise. Ngo-1917, i-industrialist yamafutha yaphoqelelwa ukubalekela eYurophu, futhi isiphetho sakhe sasilokhu singaziwa.

ISt. Hripsime Church (Yalta): kanjani ukufika lapho?

Ikheli lezinto ezithakazelisayo zeCrimea: Yalta, st. Emaphandleni 3. Ungaya kuwo ngezinyawo noma ngokuthutha umphakathi. Ikakhulukazi, emgwaqweni olandelayo weLeningradskaya kukhona amabhasi uNombolo 16 no-21.

Ngemoto, ungadlulisela esontweni ngokusuka eKarl Marx Street kuya eSadovaya Street, bese uya eZagorodnaya Street.

ISt. Hripsime Church (Yalta): ukubuyekezwa

Ithempeli kulabo abayibona okokuqala, lenza umqondo ongenakulinganiswa. Kuhle kakhulu ehlobo, lapho lizungezwe izimila eziluhlaza. Imidwebo yobuKristu yasendulo eyinqaba, engavamile emehlweni omuntu wama-Orthodox, akashiyi muntu ongenandaba. Ukuqaphela ukubuyekezwa kwezivakashi, labo abavakashele lapho, bakholelwa ukuthi iSonto laseSt. Hripsime (Yalta), eqinisweni, lingenye yezindwangu eziyinhloko zomuzi futhi kuyadingeka ukuvakashelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi abahamba ngezincomo batusa izitebhisi eziholela ethempelini, njengendawo enhle yokudubula isithombe sothando, kuhlanganise nomshado.

Manje uyazi ukuthi umlando unani nokuthi kuphi isonto likaSt. Hripsime. ICrimea yindawo lapho kungekho khona ukusweleka kwezinto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-multiculturalism yayo neqiniso ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubona izikhumbuzo zomlando kanye namasiko abantu abaningi: amaSkithe, amaGreki, amaRoma, amaNtaliyane, ama-Armenia, amaTatars aseCrimea, amaRussia, amaTurkey, ama-Ukrainians, amaJuda, ama Karaite, njll.