I pneumothorax valve: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Sifo Nokuselapha

Ngo leso sifo, njengoba pneumothorax valve, esifundeni pleural ukugeleza oksijini, inani okuyinto kancane kancane. Ukubonakaliswa zokugula enjalo ephathelene ne-isici ukusebenza valve. Sebenza ke sinqamukile ngokuqondene kwema- emoyeni kusukela emaphashini pleura futhi ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ukuhamba kwayo reverse. Ngenxa yalokhu, endaweni esifubeni okubangela ubuhlungu obunzima, ngoba kukhona ukwehla okukhulu wamaphaphu ivolumu kanye inqubo ephefumula nzima.

isimo sokugembula enjalo yaziwa isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi ezihambisana ukubukeka kwayo nge ngemiphumela isifo sofuba yamaphaphu. Kodwa esanda kutholakala, kwatholakala ukuthi lesi sifo livela ngokuzumayo. lokhu zokugula sitholakale njalo uma izinkinga zokuphefumula ezihlobene ne ukudabuka bulla.

izinhlobo

Pneumothorax umphini kuyinto zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, futhi kuncike indlela kumiswa. Yangaphakathi Ngenxa pneumothorax kwenzeka ngenxa umonakalo bronchi esikhulu khona amanxeba zezindwangu ukukhanya. ingaphakathi Pleural ugcwele emoyeni ngokusebenzisa isici kule pleura visceral. Kulokhu-ke uba valve ichopho wamaphaphu izicubu okuyinto emoyeni inspiratory sihamba, futhi akusho exhale ophumayo igesi emuva wamaphaphu.

Ukubukeka elingaphandle pneumothorax libhekene yokuthi indima valve kulokhu kukhona ukulimala ezithambile izicubu kwesifuba. Inhalation imiphetho nilimaza uqale wanda, emoyeni esingazisebenzisa ngokukhululekile ukungena ngaphakathi komgodi pleural ngesikhathi umoya futhi nokwehla kwenzeka izimbobo isilonda ngaphandle kokuba usivumele emuva.

Izimbangela zesifo

I pneumothorax umphini unezizathu ehlukile nesenzakalo. Ngokuvamile kuba imvelo kuhlasimulise kanye nokuguqulwa lesi sifo.

Imbangela isilonda (kuhlasimulise) kuyinto avaliwe pneumothorax esifubeni umuntu elimele, ephelezelwa ukudabuka of wamaphaphu izicubu noma esifubeni eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini isilonda. Ngakho kukhona "Ubuhlobo obuseduze" sasivumela okusheshayo ebodeni esifubeni ukuvula amanxeba, kanti isilonda bronchus siyaqhubeka gape. Ukuze lolu hlobo ukulimala zihlanganisa:

• ubambo waphuka;
• kuqhuma isibhamu, ummese okudutshulwa esifubeni;
• umonakalo bronchus noma nomzimba angaphandle emphinjeni;
• awe ukuphakama;
• unokungaxhumani bronchi kanye t. d.

pneumothorax okuzenzekelayo libhekene uqhekeko wesabelo Ushintshe ijwabu wamaphaphu. Nokufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni lokhu zokugula ka lezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• sofuba;
• emphysema bullous, iphaphu;
• cystic fibrosis;
• wamaphaphu ithumba ;
• pneumoconiosis et al.

Kunomthelela ekuthuthukiseni pneumothorax nokuguqulwa kuthiwa ukukhwehlela, diving, ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, nokunye. D.

izimpawu

Ngokuvamile, lapho isiguli umphini pneumothorax isesimweni esibucayi. Ufika yavusa, kukhona ubuhlungu evelele esifubeni, asinikeze isiphanga, ehlombe esiswini. Ucala bathuthuke ngokushesha iphika, ubuthakathaka, cyanosis, kukhona nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukwandisa izikhala intercostal, yandisa ohlangothini ethintekile kwesifuba. Palpitations iphika, hypotension, tachycardia - nazo izimpawu valvular pneumothorax.

Emoyeni ngokushesha ukuqongelela kule ingaphakathi pleural kungabangela inhliziyo noma esingamahlalakhona yamaphaphu, okuphumela ekufeni kwenzeka. Ngu yezinkinga ngasekupheleni yesifo zihlanganisa empyema effusion pleural futhi esisheshayo.

ukuhlola

Doctor nge luhlolo nesineke lembula emphysema ongama, ukusalela ngesikhathi ukuphefumula ohlangothini ethintekile kwesifuba, aba izikhala intercostal. Ukusebenzisa-X-ray ukukhanya Kutholwe atelectasis futhi offset ohlangothini enempilo kwethunzi mediastinum.

wokubhoboza Pleural nge manometer ivumela ukuhlukanisa komunye nomunye evulekile, ivaliwe futhi valve pneumothorax. Uma uketshezi likhona, sifiso Kwenziwa ucwaningo nokuzilungiselela effusion pleural ukubunjwa amaselula kanye microflora. Ukuze ukukhomba indawo kanye nosayizi fistula pleural, ukuqhuba thoracoscopy kungakanani abakwaziyo kanye nokuhlola plevroskopiyu.

ukwelashwa

Ukwelapha wokuqala pneumothorax valvular kufanele okuhloswe ngazo decompression we mediastinum futhi wamaphaphu ukukwenza ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze afeze lokhu osenyameni transthoracic wokubhoboza noma thoracostomy ne ukunqunywa oyisibopho a yokwenziwa amanzi Byulau. Kuphela ngemva kokuba isiguli manipulations enjalo esibhedlela okunye ukwelashwa.

Ukuze ekulinganiseni ngezimo zesiguli, iqondiswa analgesics non-kwelashwa futhi kwezidakamizwa, imithi zenhliziyo, imithi elwa namagciwane, antitussives.

Kubalulekile ukuthutha valve kuya pneumothorax avaliwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu kumelwe njalo sokukhipha ingaphakathi pleural. Uma ukugeleza komoya iyama ukuze liphume igazi, lokhu kubonisa umgodi uphawu. Amanzi kususa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili ngokugcwele ukwembuleka iphaphu, uma kuqinisekiswa radiographically.

Uma ukukhanya akakwazi ukusakaza, ukuphathwa kuhlinzwa ka pneumothorax. Umonakalo thorax kudinga suturing amanxeba futhi thoracotomy. Uma kukhona ingozi kabusha imfundo we nokuguqulwa pneumothorax valve, ke ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa lesi sifo ecashile. Kuye zokugula enze segmentectomy, bilobektomiyu, abekelwe emaceleni wamaphaphu resection, lobectomy, pleurectomy, pleurodesis, nezinye ukungenelela.

usizo oluphuthumayo isifo

Kunezimo ukuthi isiguli kungadinga usizo ngokushesha valve pneumothorax. Ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe, kumele:

• sokwehlisa umuntu;
• ukunikeza kuye nge ukufinyelela umoya ohlanzekile;
• Funa usizo lodokotela ngokushesha.

Usizo lokuqala iwukuba lubhoboze obukhulu inaliti esifubeni udonga. Ngenxa yalesi kungenzeka ngokushesha ukunciphisa umfutho ophakeme kuleli pleura.

Izinhlelo ezivimbayo futhi Izibikezelo

Izinkinga zokwenza valvular pneumothorax kuyinto ukushaqeka wamaphaphu syndrome pneumoempyema, cardio-yamaphaphu esingamahlalakhona. Isikhathi ukuhlinzeka usizo lwezempilo ukuze kulekelelwe yokutakula.

ekuvimbeleni izifo kuhloswe ekuvimbeleni izingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi isimiso ukuhlolwa Pulmonologist, isifo sofuba kanye udokotela ohlinzayo thoracic ukukhomba iziguli ezine zokugula yamaphaphu.

isiphetho

Ngakho, pneumothorax umphini kubhekwa isifo esiyingozi kakhulu lapho ngasekupheleni lokhu usizo siholela ekufeni. Ngakho-ke, iziguli nale zokugula kufanele njalo kudokotela uyofuna icebiso, futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.