I-Republic of Benin umlando labantu

Kingdom enegama kumnandi waseDahomey yaziwa baseYurophu kuphela ngasekupheleni kweNkathi Ephakathi. Namuhla insimu yalo iyona Republic of Benin. Likuphi ke futhi iziphi izenzakalo zomlando ezenzeka lapho esikhathini esidlule 6 eminyaka, tshela i-athikili yethu.

inkathi yangaphambi wamakoloni

Iminonjana yokuqala yokuphila ezitholakala emazweni Benin yesimanje basonta nezikhathi Paleolithic kanye Neolithic. Ekhulwini XVI, lapho ogwini eGulf of Guinea efika ezinqala futhi ngezigqila isiPutukezi, lapho yayikhona isimo waseDahomey. Abantu bakule ndawo akazange abonise ubutha ku-Europe, futhi ngekhulu XVII ku Atlantic coast zombuso zazisekelwe isiPutukezi, isiFulentshi futhi Dutch ukuhweba zokuhlala. Khona-ke kweza izithunywa zevangeli ezingamaKatolika, ezingazange wavula izikole lokuqala eyinhloko.

Nokho, isithakazelo ukuthuthukiswa elala waseDahomey yazuza sikala ngokwemvelo ukubonwa ngekhulu XVIII, okwakumele ukuguqulwa yayo komunye West African States enamandla kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.

ukuhweba ngezigqila

AmaKhosi waseDahomey ngenjabulo ihwebelana baseYurophu. Lesi sakamuva ngokuyinhloko unesithakazelo izigqila abamnyama ukuze bayosebenza emasimini amakoloni zabo American. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ashaqeka ukufunda ukuthi ibutho asebukhosini bakwaZulu Amazons owalwela nabesilisa, futhi zaziphathelene nokugula kakhulu futhi uqeqesho combat. Kuyinto la mantombazane buthule esezingene nemizana emazweni angomakhelwane Allada Uidu futhi wazama uthwebule iziboshwa eziningi, okwakukhona kuwo ngesisekelo "ukuthekelisa" waseDahomey.

Engingakusho nje ukuthi 1750 ngaleso sikhathi iNkosi Tegbesu wathola inceku isamba esikhulu ngalezo zinsuku of namamane * ayizinkulungwane 250. Ingxenye imali esichithwa yokufuna izikhali ukuze ugcine at bay omakhelwane nabantu yamazwe matasa kuwo.

Ekhulwini XIX

Ngo-1848, waseDahomey wenqaba ukuthengisa izigqila baseYurophu. Ngo 1851, France eyenziwe maqondana nalowo State isenzo aba nanezimo ezingagculisi ngemvume isivumelwano nekosi Porto Novo. Sokugcina kwakungumhlatshelo wakhe ngaphansi kwesizwe weNkosi waseDahomey Glélé bemholela inkokhiso.

Ngo-1862, Porto-Novo kwathiwa protectorate isiFulentshi, futhi kamuva kwakuhlezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1885, yena wanithwesa ijoka ukuhweba ngezigqila, owawungumnyaka ukuvimbela ukuthuthwa kwezigqila eWest Indies.

The last 2 emashumini kwekhulu XIX ogwini waseDahomey waba inkundla aseYurophu ukuthi wayefuna ukuthatha ngaphansi protectorate yayo.

Ngo-1889, amaFulentshi ayengenele Cotonou, waseDahomey, futhi ngenkani inkosi ukuba asayine isivumelwano. Ngokusho kwale dokhumenti, Porto-Novo futhi Cotonou neyaziwayo nemfuyo France. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, isimo kwakudingeka akhokhe 20,000 franc waseDahomey. ikoloni French owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi Benin.

Ngo 1892, i-King waseDahomey uye benza izivumelwano ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, leli zwe bamemezela protectorate French. Ngo-1894, iNkosi waseDahomey wadingiselwa Martinique, kanye nezwe ilahlekelwe ngisho usesimweni ubukhosi.

Ngu ekupheleni XIX leminyaka esogwini of Benin, waseDahomey nezindawo eduze, bathunjwa isiFulentshi, kwakhiwa ikoloni nge-dolobha Porto Novo.

Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XX

Ngo-1904, eminyakeni engu-55 ngaphambi kokuba yasungulwa by Republic of Benin, ikoloni waseDahomey kwaba ingxenye French eNtshonalanga Afrika, futhi waqala ukwakhiwa yesimanje ngesikhathi we Cotonou port. A wesitimela ubude 45 km lakhiwa iminyaka engamashumi 2, okuyinto ixhunywe ethekwini entsha nge Uidu.

umngcele Modern ukuthi manje Republic of Benin, ikoloni labawatfolile esifundvweni 1909.

Lapho kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, amasosha French ibambene ngezihluthu endaweni German Togo waseDahomey lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela enkanjini.

Ngo-1915, kwaqubuka ukuvukela kuleli koloni, okwakubekelwa ukuyiveza. imiboniso Popular yayiqhutshelwa nasezindaweni 1923. Futhi ngo-1934 waseDahomey bajoyine kweFrance of Togo, kwathi ngo-1937 izwe ehlukile iyunithi zokuphatha.

iminyaka 9 kamuva sanikwa isimo njengendawo yayo ephesheya kwezilwandle waseFrance wadala General Council - umzimba kuqala uhulumeni ezweni manje Yabantu Republic of Benin. Lalinama amakhansela 30, abakhethiwe yibo bonke izakhamuzi omdala, kungakhathaliseki ubulili. Nokho, ukuze ufaneleke ukuvota, kokubili amadoda nabesifazane kufanele bakwazi ukufunda, ukubhala kanye ukukhuluma isiFulentshi.

Kuyanda isikhathi wamakoloni

Emashumini eminyaka yokuqala uzibuse, Republic of Benin isungule ngesisekelo salokho sidaliwe ngesikhathi waseDahomey. Ngaphansi kukahulumeni wamakoloni ezakhiwa lapho izibhedlela nezikole primary, futhi sadalwa ukukhiqizwa emikhulu lamafutha esundu. Siye yathuthuka kakhulu futhi bevangeli abangamaKatolika.

ekumenyezelweni kukazibuse

Phakathi kwempi yezwe yesibili ekuphathweni wamakoloni waseDahomey lalinabashumayeli abasekeli ukunyakaza "Mahhala France". Lapho liqedwa, Sharl De Goll uqobo nomthelela ekubeni buthakathaka amandla umbusi. Ngo-1952, esikhundleni General Council esungulwe Assembly Wendawo, futhi ngo-1958, waseDahomey iba i-republic okufakwe emphakathini French.

ukuzimela Okugcwele kusukela France ezamenyezelwa ngo-August 1, 1960. Inhloko-dolobha ye isimo esisha watshumayela Porto-Novo, kodwa uhulumeni wakhe sathathwa e Cotonou.

I-Republic of Benin: zeminyaka yokuzibusa

Phakathi neminyaka engu-15 uzibuse, eziningana amasu okugumbuqela imibuso lempi iye uzibophezele kuleli zwe. Ngo-1975, Yabantu Republic of Benin ezamenyezelwa khona. Kwakuthinta eliholwa abeza amandla ngo-1972, Mate Major Kareku, ngubani isimemezele inhloso yayo main ukwakhiwa zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni.

Ngo-1989, umashiqela banquma ukwenza eside "ukuhlelwa kabusha" futhi asuswe igama lezwe elithi "abantu." Ngo-1991, kwakunabamemezeli ukukhethwa ngokwentando yeningi abangezwa kahle eBenin. Ngenxa yalokho kohlelo iqembu elilodwa labhujiswa.

Likuphi Republic of Benin, futhi izici umnotho walo

Izwe itholakala eNtshonalanga Afrika nasemazweni likwazi ukufinyelela kolwandle ngokusebenzisa eGulf of Guinea. Enyakatho, imingcele yezwe ne Niger kanye neBurkina Faso, entshonalanga - ne, futhi empumalanga - ne Nigeria.

Umkhakha unika% 13.5 kuphela GDP. Izwe liye esikhiqiza amaminerali, kuhlanganise igolide, zemabula namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe. Esanda kutholakala lakhiwe uwoyela imithombo. Kukhona izimboni yendwangu, ezifana LLC "Skirteks" ( "Skirteks Limited"). I-Republic of Benin futhi usebenza okulungisa ukudla izitshalo kanye usimende esikhiqiza amabhizinisi. Imboni yokukhiqiza kuleli zwe imelelwa izinkampani ekucubunguleni izinto zokusetshenziswa kwezolimo.