Imiphumela Zenkolo, le emihle nemibi

Kunezinhlobo ezehlukene, ukubukwa ngezinye izikhathi luphambene ngalokho-ke imiphumela eziMpini Zokholo. Imiphumela emihle nemibi of le mikhankaso iye isihloko ukuhlaziywa mlando, izazi zefilosofi, ababhali kanye nabaholi bezenkolo.

ingxoxo yesayensi

ongqondongqondo European baye ngenkuthalo nesithakazelo ngenkathi eziMpini Zokholo ekhulwini XVIII. ababheka ngayo le nkathi yomlando abaphila ngayo ihluke ngokuphelele. Abanye ososayensi, ezifana Choiseul Daykur kubonakala eziMpini Zokholo Okuhle kuphela. Baphawula Imiphumela zabo ezifana ukuvuselelwa isithakazelo abaMhlophe isayensi, ukuvela ubudlelwane ukuhweba phakathi East and West, the interpenetration kwamasiko.

Kwakukhona labo omubi uhlolwa kanye Zenkolo ngokwabo, futhi imiphumela yabo. Lo mbono aphethwe zefilosofi Rousseau no-Walter. Babecabanga zenkolo obungenangqondo zokuchitha igazi umangalele ukuthi ukuvuselelwa isayensi namasiko ezinye izimbangela kwakubangelwa eYurophu. Amalungu alesi ekamu laphawula nokuthi ayehlasela amaKristu ukuba liyochukuluza ukuqina zomhlaba Islamic futhi ombangela obadonsa amakhulu amaningi ezibangelwa ukungabekezelelani ngokwenkolo.

Le mpikiswano yesayensi uyaqhubeka esikhathini sethu. Noma kunjalo, nakuba nezilinganiso zingase zingafani, mayelana zomlando amaqiniso ukuvumelana.

Lo rise navigation futhi ukuhweba

EPalestina futhi wayiyisa eByzantium, le Crusaders wathola izinto eziningi ezingazange olwalwaziwa kwabakhileyo eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Phakathi kwalezi ukudla, ezifana amabhilikosi, ulamula, ushukela, irayisi; izindwangu - usilika, velvet, ukotini; nezinto zokunethezeka - ubucwebe, amatshe, glassware, ifenisha. BaseYurophu bayakwazisa izimpahla Oriental zazingahambi ukuba uziyeke ngisho nangemva baphoqeleka ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni eMpumalanga Ephakathi.

Akungabazeki ukuthi imiphumela eziMpini Zokholo ukuhweba iMedithera elihle kunawo. Okokuqala wavula amathemba baziswa abathengisi Italy. Genoa futhi Venezia, abacebile ngesikhathi Zokholo futhi ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuwa WaseByzantium kwachuma phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amaningana.

Ukuvela izikhungo zezimali

imiphumela kakhulu ezithakazelisayo Zokholo zezikhungo kwezomnotho European. Wokuyisa imali ngokuphepha olude kwaholela ukuvela IOUs ukuthi kungathatha emgaqweni esikhundleni igolide. Ukukhishwa kanye encashment ka amasheke ehilelekile Order of Knights Templar. Kwakuwusuku inhlangano wokuqala eYurophu, okuyinto uthethe nemisebenzi umlamuli e kwemali.

Templars ngemvume of the Catholic Church, babehilelekile elikhiphe sokubolekwayo. Uma inzalo ngaphambili wajaha ngoba kwaba pretty okuyingozi, kodwa manje isimo sesishintshile. Templars bagxila ezandleni dolobha elikhulu, okuyinto wabavumela ukuboleka ngisho namakhosi yeYurophu. Ngemva kwalokho, ukwenqena yenkosi French ukubuyisela izikweletu okubangelwa oda idilize. Kodwa ngemva kokunqotshwa kwe-Templars yasungulwa kwezezimali abangu lathathwa bebhange Italy.

Imiphumela eziMpini Zokholo esontweni

Imiphumela Vatican kwemikhankaso ihlelwe kubo, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi ngempela impikiswano. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala, uPapa wakwazi ukufeza sokuhlanganiswa emhlabeni yobuKristu. Izimali of the Catholic Church ngalesi sikhathi is khudlwana. Imizamo futhi indima zombusazwe uPapa.

Kodwa lezi zinguquko, ngokubona mlando eziningi, kanti sezishiye ukwehla of the Catholic Church. Abefundisi abameleli ezungezwe ngokwabo zokunethezeka futhi eyandayo aphazamise ahileleke kwezombangazwe. Lokhu kubukela phansi ukuthembeka weBandla. Ekugcineni, isimo embhikishweni aholela eNkathini Yezinguquko.

Isihloko izingxabano zenkolo ziye babe ngokwabo eziMpini Zokholo. Izimbangela imiphumela le mikhankaso ehlukile esikalini ongqondongqondo benkolo. Imibuzo mayelana permissibility yohwebo, kanye labezizwe, eboleka kusuka ulwazi lwabo kwamasiko kanye ngokwesayensi imvelo isonto okubangelwa eshubile.

ezintsha lempi

EziMpini Zokholo kwaholela ngcono ukulwa amaqhinga kanye ezinye izikhali. Sekube nenqubekela phambili ebonakalayo ekwakhiweni izinqaba nezinye izinqaba. Esikhathini Middle East abaMhlophe bokuqala wazana nomunye CROSSBOW. Kuvele umphumela obalulekile wayebuye nokuqaphela ukubaluleka wamabutho lokuveza ngubani waqhubeka ukushaywa eside. Nakuba imiphumela lempi Zokholo uyisehluleki kumaKristu, ubuciko wezempi e-Europe seyithuthuke kakhulu.

levantiytsy

Akuwona wonke Crusaders abuyela ezweni lawo emva aphelela. Ingxenye abasuka Europe wasala Lebanon, iPalestine kanye Turkey ngemva kokuwa koMbuso eJerusalema. Abaningi babo kwakungabantu inzalo ka kwamabutho ezimpi zokholo nabathengisi eFrance nase-Italy. Aqhubeké inkolo yobuKatolika futhi baba levantiytsev ezaziwayo. Ngo yoMbuso WaseTurkey, bathola amalungelo athile futhi abangu ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela ukuhweba, shipbuilding kanye nemisebenzi yezandla.

Isikhundla yesimanje of the Catholic Church

Namuhla iVatican ngempela baqaphe ngemiphumela eziMpini Zokholo. ngezici ezinhle nezimbi izenzakalo ke ezenzeka Akasekho isihloko inkulumo mpikiswano yenkolo umphakathi. Kunalokho, iSonto uncamela ukhulume benesibopho ngezenzo zakhe esikhathini esidlule.

Ngo-2004, lapho Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople noBartolomewu ngineminyaka engu emcimbini eVatican, uPapa John Paul II waxolisa ukuthunjwa inhlokodolobha WaseByzantium we Crusaders. Walahla ukusetshenziswa izikhali silwe nesikholwa nabo, siphawula edabukisayo kuyo iSonto eziMpini Zokholo. Kafushane, kodwa ngokuhlakanipha ekhuluma amazwi uPapa Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople. "Umoya nokubuyisana kunamandla enenzondo," - wathi noBartolomewu.