I-Republic of Bulgaria: nokuzwa, izithombe zabo. Tours e Bulgaria: amanani, ukubuyekezwa

I-Republic of Bulgaria itholakala empumalanga iNhlonhlo Yamazwe AseBalkan. Sekuvele intandokazi iholidi izivakashi ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene. Leli zwe nje kuphela lolwandle yayo enhle ski resort, kodwa futhi lenqwaba izikhumbuzo zemvelo, zamasiko nezomlando.

izwe iphrofayela

Kuze November 15, 1990 izwe lalibizwa ngokuthi Yabantu Republic of Bulgaria. Namuhla igama elithi "ethandwa" igama wanyamalala. Population - abantu abayizigidi ezingu-7,5. Inhlokodolobha - Sofia. omakhelwane eliseduze Bulgaria - Greece, Serbia, Turkey, Romania, Macedonia.

Empumalanga, izwe is wageza ngasemanzini Sea, okuyinto uxhuma ngokuqhathanisa Ukraine, futhi izingxoxo sokuhlupheka iDardanelles kanye Bosporus - neenarha iMedithera. Bulgaria - lena kwelinye lamazwe amancane kunawo wonke eYurophu, nge endaweni esingeqile 111.000 amakhilomitha square.

izimo zezulu

I-Republic of Bulgaria has a omnene esipholile sezulu yezwekazi. It ngokucacile ezine zonyaka. ithonya Mediterranean is ikakhulukazi wazizwa eningizimu. I-annual lokushisa ingeqi +10,5 ° C. Ngo-January, nezinga lokushisa - mayelana 0 ° C. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa aliphumi ngenhla +30 ° C.

inkolo

AmaKristu obu-Orthodox bakha 86,7% labantu, 13% - amaSulumane. Isonto Bulgarian kuyinto ezizimele kanye iholwa inzalamizi.

abangcwele Bulgaria

izakhamizi Bulgarian ngihloniphe abangcwele abagcotshwa njengosanta yiSonto LamaKatolika. Phakathi kwabo:

• Sveti Vlas - nomvikeli kwabelusi futhi togovtsev.
• Saints UConstantine Helena - nomama nendodana yakhe. UConstantine waba umbusi okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, uye wenza ngamandla Isigodlo yobuKristu.
• Enravota (Bojan njengoMsindisi, iQhawe) - umfel 'ukholo wokuqala eBulgaria.
• Naum, ukukhuthaza, kanye uCyril noMethodius lokubhala namasiko enkolo.
• Kliment Ohridski - umlandeli kanye umsekeli uCyril noMethodius.
• Boris I imemezela ukuthi ubuKristu inkolo isimo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Baptist eBulgaria ngo 865.
• Peter ngenza isonto Bulgarian ezimele kusukela iConstantinople.
• Gorazd Ohrid ungumfundi noMethodius, ngemva kokufa komfundisi wakhe, waba esikhundleni uMbhishobhi Omkhulu eMoravia.
• Dimitry Basarbovski ahlonishwe njengoba Monk, elikwaziyo okuphulukisa.
• Anastasiy Strumitsky - umfel 'ukholo. mkhosi wakhe ngosuku Bulgaria igubha ku 29 August.
• Paraskeva Srpska eyaziwa futhi ohlonishwa ngenxa yokuphila olukhuni.

Bulgaria: ulimi

Ulimi olusemthethweni kuleli Bulgarian zwe. It kungokwalabo iqembu Slavic. Ancient lokubhala Slavic Cyrillic, okuyinto sidalwe uCyril noMethodius. izinhlamvu wakhe nezibonakaliso waboleka ziqhamuka zamagama ngesiGreki. Kuyinto lokhu zamagama zesiCyrillic nge izinguquko ezimbalwa khona kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube namuhla kuzo zonke lwamaSlav Orthodox. Bulgarian Cyrillic alfabhethi ukufunda kalula. It akubangi nobunzima amafonethiki noma amagama.

Inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria

Umbuso omkhulu nakumasiko igcina maphakathi Bulgaria. Eyokuqala inhlokodolobha lasendulo eBulgaria - Veliko Tarnovo - nemali zamanje. Lo muzi kuyabamangaza izivakashi okwakhe nobuhle.

Sofia ingenye omdala e-Europe. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ke wayedume iziphethu yayo ezishisayo nokumbiwa. Isisekelo ochwepheshe bathi AD I ekhulwini. Ekuqaleni, wabizwa ngokuthi Serdika. Wayengumuntu esikhulu sokuphatha nezentengiselwano okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma bese yoMbuso WaseByzantium. Ngo 447, le Serdika labhujiswa Huns.

Umuzi ukuzalwa sesibili senzeke ngo eyikhulu. Ekuqaleni konyaka 809, wayengumuntu ingxenye Bulgarian Kingdom futhi kuqala kuqanjwe kabusha kuya Sredets. Igama layo yesimanje wathola ekupheleni kwekhulu XIV.

Lapho-Turks ethumba Sofia (1382), waba wesibili emva waseConstantinople izikebhe ezinkulu, sezentengiselwano yamasiko kwi iNhlonhlo Yamazwe AseBalkan. Ngo-December 1877 edolobheni akhululwa khona amasosha Russian ejokeni Turkish futhi waqala aqhubekisela inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria kusukela ngo-1879.

Lo muzi omangalisayo liyaziwa izivakashi zalo ezikhangayo. Abaningi babo izikhumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu ezweni. Ngokwesibonelo, Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral, esemgwaqweni isikwele eponymous yenhloko-dolobha. isakhiwo Ezinhle Kakhulu itshe elimhlophe futhi gwadle badunyiswe of yokukhululwa Bulgaria. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke abangena ezweni ukuvakashela le Hagia Sophia, le Rotunda of St George sika, St .. Vuko St .. Nicholas Church, zikanokusho Banya Bashi Mosque, Archaeological Museum.

Varna

Varna (Bulgaria) kanye ezindaweni ezakhelene itholakala oLwandle Olumnyama. Lena indawo hhayi kuphela ethandwa Bulgarian, kodwa futhi isikhungo kwamasiko yezwe.

ezikhumbuzo abahlukile zomlando idume Republic of Bulgaria. zokungcebeleka Varna sika - eningi iminyuziyamu ukuthi ukugcina zobuciko zomlando imibhalo.

Symbol komuzi ubhekwa Cathedral of kweNyuka. Ngo Varna ungavakashela Seaside Park. Kuyinto ezemidlalo namasiko esigodlweni, le dolphinarium, e-zoo, a izinkanyezi, aquarium nemvelo Museum. intshisekelo omkhulu zezivakashi kuba Museum bemivubukulo. nokuziqhenya lakhe iqoqo elikhulu zegolide, obuhlehlela kusukela VI yeminyaka BC.

Ayikho ezikhangayo kancane ezithakazelisayo Varna namadlelo. Lapha ungavakashela esigodlweni Evksinograd, okuyinto lizungezwe epaki aluhlaza kanye esigodini esihle. Ibizwa ngokuthi "ihlathi itshe" ngenxa omkhulu (kufika ku-6 m ukuphakama) amakholomu, ubudala, ngokusho kongoti, kuba iminyaka eyizigidi ezingamashumi ayisihlanu.

I-Republic of eBulgaria, akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlole izinto kwelinye uhambo, ke enakekela nomlando wayo. Sizozama ukwethula kini ukuba izinto yezwe, elibangela ngabomvu zezivakashi.

Nessebar

Lena real edolobheni-Museum, etholakala enhlonhlweni olunothile. zalo ezikhangayo ngeke abashiye ubani nandaba. endaweni Nessebar imayelana eyodwa square kilometre. Noma kunjalo, amasonto angaphezu kuka-40 ezakhiwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene endaweni. Nokho, izivakashi zingathola ukubona namuhla kuphela isonto St .. uMsindisi futhi St wethu uStefanu, okuyinto kahle walondoloza ukuba izinsuku zethu

Plovdiv

emadolobheni amaningi kakhulu yasendulo emhlabeni eyaziwa yeRiphabhuliki Bulgaria. Ngokwesibonelo, ePlovdiv, elise entabeni. Wasungula iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ezedlule. Ukuhamba uzungeze umuzi, ungabona umbhoshongo ubudala, ezakhiwe ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, inkundla yemidlalo enkulukazi Roman, nezakhiwo eziningana futhi iminyuziyamu.

Umzana Rupite

Sincoma ukuza bonke abathandi ongaqondakali futhi engavamile kule ndawo. Lapha ayephila futhi wangcwatshwa Wang - umthandazi futhi imihlola.

Labo abafuna ungavakashela Rozhen Monastery, okuyinto yasungulwa ngo 1220. Lona omunye zezindela endala kuleli zwe. Shrine of sezindela kuyinto isithonjana Virgin Eleousa, okuyinto besonto cabanga ngokuyisimangaliso.

Idolobhana Dobarsko

Lokhu isigodi esincane entabeni elitholakala phansi Rila, nesikhombisa amakhilomitha Bansko limelela nokuzwa yemvelo Bulgarian. I eminyaka ubudala zikaphayini amahlathi, izimfunda olunothile, Amathafa aphakeme, yetintsaba. Lapha uyamenywa ukuba indlu yasemakhaya futhi izophathwa ngokukhulu izitsha kazwelonke brandy okuzenzela. Ubone lokhu emzaneni nokongiwa kwenza indaba ibhaleke eqinile.

Ayisikhombisa Rila Lakes

Enye semvelo esiyingqayizivele, okuyinto uyaziqhenya weRiphabhulikhi eBulgaria. Lona iqembu amachibi Glacial. Ngisho ngoJulayi, avame embozwe iqhwa nesithwathwa, futhi hamba kaka them ukuqhakaza izimfunda. I amachibi zitholakala eyodwa ngaphezu kwamanye. Bahlanganyela izimpophoma amahle.

Aladzha sezindela

Siyaqiniseka ukuthi le engaqondakali idwala sezindela ukumangala eziningi. Isigodlo yasungulwa ngekhulu XIV futhi namuhla ingenye ezikhangayo esemqoka Bulgaria. Isigodlo itholakala 14 km enyakatho Varna, eduze resort of Golden Sands. Lokhu sezindela edwaleni, okungekho izici kuyabonakala amakamelo ehlukene - nendawo enkulu ukuze pilgrimage imvelo ezokuvakasha zamasiko.

Indlela ukukhetha ebhishi?

amabhishi Bulgarian ku bonke omasipala zokungcebeleka. Kodwa ebhishi is yaqashiswa kubanikazi yangasese. Ngakho-ke, emabhishi imishini ikhokhwe izambulela, izihlalo, omatilasi, alo, iintulo, catamarans, njll Kulesi sihloko thina uyokwethula inkulumo nawe ukuba ethandwa kakhulu .. Ogwini eBulgaria.

Golden Sands - resort ngobukhulu kuleli zwe. Itholakala enyakatho nogu Black Sea. Lena Mecca wangempela, lapho uthanda uphumule abathandi ezokuvakasha asebenzayo.

Beaches Albena 150 ububanzi sinwebiswe amakhilomitha ayisikhombisa. Ulwandle kule ndawo efudumele kakhulu onokuthula, ngaphezu kwalokho, akusiyo esijule kakhulu: at ibanga amamitha angamakhulu amabili esuka ogwini ukujula elingamamitha hhayi okungaphezu kokukodwa nengxenye. Climate ngempela ukhululekile: okushisa ehlobo akukho ephakeme kuka +28 ° C +25 ° C amanzi.

Emabhishi Sveti Vlas itholakala enyakatho Sunny Beach, basuke kufanele ngokuthi ipharadesi. kwenkundla zikanokusho, emoyeni spotlessly ahlanzekile, imithambeka we Massif entabeni, embozwe izimila obukhulu, flavour esiyingqayizivele roses - konke lokhu kubangela isimo esingavamile. Lapho izonethezeka, labo abafuna umhlalaphansi umsindo befuna idolobha lanamuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndawo uphelele iholidi lomkhaya okuphumuzayo. Ugu sehlukaniswe amabhishi eziningana, ohlanganisa isihlabathi esihle segolide.

Emaphakathi ogwini Sozopol limnandi futhi ethokomele. Kumahhala. Indlela ukuthola ukuphumula, ekhoneni ukuthula kanye nobumfihlo. Izivakashi bayajabula lezi izingxenye amanzi ahlanzekile, ukuvikelwa amagagasi ulwandle ubudala edolobheni nhlonhlo.

Beaches eziyinkimbinkimbi St Helena kanye Constantine, okuyinto amanga bay phakathi Golden Sands futhi Varna, embozwe enhle isihlabathi asebenza ngebhethri. Ububanzi ebhishi akuyona eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi ubude babo - mayelana 3 km. Olwandle kuyinto ngempela flat, futhi akukho umehluko ekujuleni.

Duni resort has a beach 4,500 budze kanye ububanzi engaphezu kwekhulu amamitha. isihlabathi Wegolide engajulile, njengasezulwini amabhishi kakhulu Bulgarian. Kukhona izindunduma encane. Ulwandle sibuyela kwesijwayelekile, nge phansi flat. Ukujula kwandisa kancane kancane, ngakho-ke ukhululekile ukuba uphumule nezingane.

Beaches Elenite esungulwe ngokwabo njengoba kakhulu izindawo romantic phezu ogwini eBulgaria. The yokungcebeleka uku bay enhle kakhulu. Kuleli qophelo, kolwandle ihlangabezana ezintabeni Old Platinum eduze Bourgas futhi Sunny Beach.

izivakashi Burgas Bay yaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngoba Sands yayo enhle segolide, ngomusa ezitshekile phansi, ngokugcina amanzi ahlanzekile. lolwandle ifinyelela ububanzi amamitha 100.

Beach "Harmani Beach" Itholakala edolobheni elisha Sozopol. Ngokungafani ebhishi main, kuba ebanzi futhi isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kuba nenkululeko ethe xaxa kakhulu. Vala Amabha eziningi, zokudla nezindawo zokudla. Ukungena ogwini imahhala, futhi aqashe izihlalo nezambulela izobiza u- $ 2.

izinkambo

Namuhla, abantu abaningi eRussia bayajabula ukuthatha uhambo beya eBulgaria. Amanani ziyamukeleka ngempela. Nethezeka kuleli zwe libalele futhi banomoya wokungenisa izihambi nezindinganiso ze-European.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge amathikithi kufanele banakekele i-visa. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu bahambela izindawo zokungcebeleka kuleli zwe - kusuka ngoJuni kuze September no-January-March.

Sazisa labo abahamba ukuthenga izinkambo beya eBulgaria. Amanani izinkambo the nobusika 2016 siqala ruble 23,602 (eziyisikhombisa nobusuku obungamashumi Ukuhamba kusuka eMoscow). Ulwazi mayelana izintengo isizini ihlobo ayikatholakali.

Izibuyekezo

Okuvelayo zabantu iholidi baye eBulgaria, ikakhulukazi omuhle. Izivakashi bajabulele nature enhle, amanani ezingabizi, kungenzeka ngokuhlanganisa indawo futhi ebhishi ngamaholidi. izivakashi Russian uzizwe ngempela ukhululekile kuleli lizwe: bonke imibhalo eqoshiwe kulo Cyrillic, amasiko zifana kakhulu neyethu, abantu abaningi bendawo babebaleka baqonde isiRashiya, futhi banobungane izivakashi.