I-spruce yaseSiberia: incazelo, indawo yokukhula, isicelo semithi yomuthi

I-spruce yaseSiberia iyisitshalo esasakazekile. Ihluke ezihlotsheni zayo ezinalitile eziluhlaza, amasayizi amnandi (kufika kumamitha angu-30 nokuningi), kanye nokuma nobukhulu bezinyosi. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izindawo eziyisimangaliso ziye zafakwa kulo muthi eRussia. Ubuhle behlathi babuthandwa futhi bahlonishwa hhayi eNtshonalanga Siberia kuphela - indawo eyinhloko yokukhula kwayo, kodwa futhi kude nemingcele yayo.

Ukubonakala kwesitshalo

Umuthi omude ophethe ububanzi obuhloniphekile (kufika kumamitha owodwa nengxenye noma ngaphezulu) uhlukaniswa umqhele oqhakazile ngezinaliti eziyi-tetrahedral ezikhonjiwe ezilinganiselwa ku-2-2.5 cm ubude, ngenxa yokungahloniphi nokukhuthazela kwawo, kuhlangene ngokuphelele nezihlobo ezinamandla kakhulu. Isithombe se-spruce yaseSiberia, esinikezwe ngezansi, akunakwenzeka ukuba sikwazi ukudlulisela konke ubuhle nobukhulu besitshalo. Izihlahla ezincane, eziphoqelelwe ukulwa nendawo ngaphansi kwelanga, zibekezelele ngokuphelele isithunzi, kodwa zizwela kakhulu ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi. I-spruce yaseSiberia ayithandi amasanda noma amaxhaphozi, kodwa imelana nokushisa okuphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi abe nomuzwa omuhle phakathi naseningizimu ye-taiga. Amagxolo emithi emincane ibushelelezi, ene-tinge ebomvu, eneminyaka yobudala ithola ukwanda okuthile kanye nokukhanya okuncane.

Isiqu somuthi wesihlahla sase-spruce enempilo, ngisho namagatsha amancane. Umuthi ukhula kancane kancane, futhi amahlumela amancane azwela ukushisa amaqhwa. Ngokungafani nezihlobo eziningi, ubuhle baseSiberia bubhekwa nezimbali ezimibalabala. Izibhamu zivela phakathi noma ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Owesifazane, ngokuvamile obomvu obomvu, obonakala ngokucacile ngokusebenzisa izinaliti phezulu esihlahleni. Amadoda, angabonakali kancane, aqukethe inani elikhulu lempova. Umoya uyithwala emadolobheni amade, ngenxa yalokho ihlehlisa phansi yonke indawo. Ngo-September, izigaxa zezinsikazi sezifinyelele ubukhulu obukhulu (kuze kube ngu-8 cm), imbewu zivuthwe kuzo, okuyizinkuni zezinyoni eziningi zaseSiberia nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.

Izindawo nemibandela yokukhula

EYurophu, i-spruce yaseSiberia, kanye neyejwayelekile, ihlala emazweni asenyakatho nasenyakatho-mpumalanga. Ngenxa yokumelana nokushisa kwama-frost nokunciphisa kancane emhlabathini nomswakama, kuvamile eNtshonalanga Siberia naseMpumalanga Ekude, ngaphandle kwemigqa ye-polar. Indawo ye-spruce yaseSiberia ithatha izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, kusukela emngceleni we-tundra ehlathini futhi iphela ezindaweni eziphansi ze-Kama eningizimu. Isihlahla siphila eminyakeni engaba ngu-300 (esingaphansi kweminyaka engama-500), sidlulisela ngokuphelele izindawo zombili ezihlala phansi.

Izinhlobo ze-spruce zaseSiberia

Kuye ngezimo zokukhula nezinye izici zemvelo, lesi sihlahla sinamafomu amaningi e-morphobiological. Ngaphandle, ahluke ngokuyinhloko embala wezinaliti. Kungaba luhlaza, i-silvery, igolide noma i-bluish-gray. Ukugcina kwezinhlobonhlobo ezibalwe kubhekwa njengesihluku. U-spruce Ubusika baseSiberia bubhalwe ohlwini lwe-Red Book. Ukunciphisa izimboni zayo eminyakeni yamuva kunqatshelwe. Ngenxa yomthunzi oyingqayizivele wezinaliti, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

Ukukhiqizwa nokulima okufakelwayo

Emvelweni wezemvelo ezivuthiwe ezihlile ezihlangwini ziqhutshwa umoya, izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, zingahluma futhi ekugcineni ziphenduke izihlahla ezincane. Emva kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka bazothola ifomu yendabuko yesihlahla sase-spruce, futhi ubukhulu obukhulu bayofinyelela kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu lokuqala.

Ezimweni zokufakelwa, ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza nge-cuttings enenkani. Ukuhluma imbewu ngesi-spruce kuhle kakhulu - kufikela ku-70%, kodwa ngenxa yokukhula kancane kancane le ndlela ayisetshenziswanga kaningi. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, umuthi awufinyelele ngamasentimitha angu-10 ukuphakama. Futhi ukulungele ukuthuthela endaweni enomphela, kuyoba iminyaka engu-5-7 kamuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-spruce osemncane usengozini yezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho ukusebenza kahle kokukhula kusuka kumbewu kuncane kakhulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemboni

U-spruce waseSiberia, kanye novamile, ungokwezihlahla ezibalulekile zezinkuni. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwefenisha, izinsimbi zomculo, ekwakhiweni, kanye nasembonini yamasppa kanye nephepha. Ngaphezu kwezinkuni, izinaliti nazo zinenani elithile. Umthombo wamafutha abalulekile emithi, asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa, ekwakheni izimonyo, ama-tanins kanye nezithasiselo zokudla zezilwane.

Zonke izinhlobo ze-spruce, ezifaka isihlahla sase-spruce saseSiberia, zihlonishwa emnothweni wepaki. Izitshalo zeConiferous zihlanzekile ngokuphelele umoya, okwenza kube usizo ezithombeni zokuphefumula. Ukuhamba epaki ye-spruce Kunconywa abantu abanezifo zokuphefumula.

Sebenzisa emithi

Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phytoncides ezinalitizeni, i-spruce ingenye ye-antiseptics enamandla kakhulu. Futhi iyakwazi ukufaka inzalo ngisho nomoya ozungezile, ukuthola izinto eziwusizo ngendlela engokwemvelo.

Ezokwelapha, lisetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo zokuphefumula, kuhlanganise nesifo sofuba. Iziguli zinconywa ukuphulukiswa nge-decoction yezinyosi ezincane, izinaliti zamapine noma ngisho nokuhamba ngesihlahla sase-spruce. I-resin yesitshalo ithathwa ngaphakathi ukuze kusetshenzwe ukukhathazeka kwamathumbu. Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa ukuthi i-bronchitis.

Emithi yokwelapha, i-spruce yaseSiberia nayo iyaziwa ngezindawo zayo zokuphefumula. Incazelo yokupheka kwesicelo sayo inkulu kakhulu. Esikhathini uhamba konke - kusuka ku-resin nama-cones ukugcoba nezinaliti.

Ukunqunywa kwamagatsha amancane kusetshenziselwa i-arthritis ne-rheumatism. Amafutha aqakathekileko e-spruce yi-agent enamandla ye-antifungal. Futhi ama-cones amancane, aphuza emanzini noma ubisi - umthombo we-vitamin C. Isihlahla sase-Spruce saziwa nangokuthi yi-bioenergetics yayo. Ukuhamba ehlathini le- coniferous kuboniswa kubantu emva kokucindezeleka, ukugula okujulile, ukudlula noma ukuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo sabo.

I-spruce yaseSiberia ayiyona nje imithi enhle nehloniphekile, isakaze iningi le-Russian Federation. Kule mboni - lokhu kungumthombo wezinkuni, wezokwelapha - i-antiseptic kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu edingekayo. Futhi ngomuntu ovamile - aromatherapy, ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka kanye nomoya omuhle.