I Ukuhlolwa lokuqala nelesibili ekukhulelweni: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kudingeka

Ukukhumbula ekhulelwe, abesifazane abaningi ungakhulumi kakhulu ngawe Okuhlangenwe nakho, kodwa mayelana Kuzonyuka njalo emtholampilo ukuze ihlolwe. Ngempela, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ikhokhelwa ukunakwa kakhulu empilweni yabesifazane. umama okhulelwe njalo novivinyo, izandla phezu cwaningo, ezinye zazo asiza elibanzi ukuhlola isimo umzimba wakhe, abanye bakubheka njengomuntu onjani kwengane. Phakathi cwaningo abelwe izifundo ezithile ezihlose ekukhombeni zofuzo kwezinso ukwakheka izithelo, okubizwa ngokuthi Ukuhlola, kukhona ezimbili: ukuhlolwa lokuqala nelesibili ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Yini wathumela lolucwaningo?

Ukuhlola Izinto luhlose ukuhlonza abesifazane, imiphumela yokuhlolwa yayo ayifani kakhulu kusukela evamile basengozini. Ukugxila imiphumela yocwaningo, odokotela zibikezela kungenzeka yokuzalwa izingane ezine-Down syndrome, Edwards, ukwakheka okungavamile neural tube. ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile olubhekiswe kwabesifazane sokukhulelwa yabo yokuqala kwenzeka eminyakeni ecishe ibe 35 kokuba izingane ne angahlangani ezakhi zofuzo, njll Ukuhlolwa unezigaba ezimbili :. Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali kanye ultrasound Ukuhlolwa abesifazane abakhulelwe. A kwegazi kusiza ukuthola ubukhona ethize nakomaka kanye ultrasound luhlolo kuzoveza ecacile izimpawu ukukhula.

Okokuqala senyanga Ukuhlolwa

Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sesiphelile 11 - 13 amasonto ukuya kudokotela uncoma ukuhlolwa senyanga yokuqala. Kufanele uqale kokuxilongwa ultrasound, okuyinto kuyokusiza ukuba ulungise ezilinganiselwa yobudala sokukhulelwa, ukucacisa khona nokukhulelwa izingane eziningi ngasikhathi, zokugula yokukhulelwa. Ukuze udokotela ulwazi inkomba nuchal (TVP), ogama ezidlula kukhulu kunenani 3 mm kungase kubonise amathuba isifo (isib-Down syndrome). Udokotela izobheka kanye nosayizi umsila-parietal umbungu (CTE), lesi sibalo kufanele ≥ 45,9 mm.

Igazi Biochemistry ifakwa le-hormone hCG protein ne PAPP-A. Norm i-hormone hCG 11 - kwangu 12 20-tys ayizinkulungwane 90 IU / ml, ngesikhathi 13 -.. Amasonto 14 15 kuya ku-60 eziyinkulungwane-tys mu / ml ... Amanani Ukwandisa abonisa nokukhulelwa izingane eziningi ngasikhathi, pathologies ekhona kumiswa umbungu. Ukwehlisa inani - we zokugula yokukhulelwa (ukubambezeleka zentuthuko, uphuthelwe isisu, ukufa fetus).

amaprotheni Jwayelekile PAPP-A ngalesi sikhathi kuba 0.1 - 6,01 IU / ml. Ukwandisa izinga kuyinkomba kuphazamiseka zentuthuko ezingeni le-chromosome. Ngemva eyamukelayo imiphumela yocwaningo, udokotela intando ukwakheka isiphetho mayelana nohlobo ukukhulelwa, nowesifazane intando sife othile ingozi. Kodwa ngisho noma ungashada abanike Ukuhlolwa yesibili ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, awunawo isizathu sokukhathazeka.

Screening of senyanga yokukhulelwa wesibili

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu ukuqhuba ucwaningo kusuka 16 kuya 18 Emasontweni onke okukhulelwa. Ucwaningo akha ukuhlolwa lesibili ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ziyefana yokuqala. On, udokotela liyohlonza ezingeni hormone umzanyana kanye namazinga fetus isibindi hormone.

I Ukuhlolwa yesibili ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa iqala ultrasound, okuyinto ngempela eyenziwa ngaphambi kokubeletha yokuhlaziya kwamakhemikhali. Isikhawu phakathi ultrasonography nokudilivela igazi ukuhlaziywa ngeke sidlule izinsuku ezintathu.

Amazinga ovamile le-hormone e hCG lesi sikhathi kufanele kube 10 tys.- ayizinkulungwane 35. MU / ml. i-hormone ezingeni AFP ngokuvamile 15-19 U / ml. Ukwandisa awokuthi ekhombisa anomalies ka kwemizwa ukuthuthukiswa tube hernia craniocerebral, ukwakheka okungavamile lomgudu wokugaya ukudla bese isibindi. Ukunciphisa ezingeni AFP kuyinkomba of chromosomal iziyaluyalu noma ukufa intrauterine.

Ngalesi sikhathi, udokotela ngeke kutholakale izinga ekstriola khulula ukuthi njalo kwandisa ne sokukhulelwa. Ngesikhathi 15 - amasonto 16, nguye 5,4-21,0 nmol / l, kusukela 17 kuya 18 amasonto lande laba ngu-6.6 - 25.0 nmol / l. A ngokweqile abalulekile kulezi amagugu kusikisela isisindo esikhulu umntwana, isibindi noma sezinso kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. amazinga okuphansi ukhombise etholakalayo-mpilo yokulamba umbungu, khona ukutheleleka, pathologies chromosomal.

Isixazululo ithatha owesifazane

Ngisho noma zifakwe iqembu ingozi futhi ungafisi ukuba afeze screening test, udokotela alinalo ilungelo ngenkani. Nokho, bekhipha umama kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ngowokuqala ngqa Emasontweni onke okukhulelwa, yena okungukuthi obhekene bakhe impilo yabo, ngisho engakazalwa, ingane.