Ibhuloho Palmburgsky e Kaliningrad. Palmburgsky (Berlin) kwebhuloho

Zikhona in eKönigsberg (manje Kaliningrad eRussia) omunye -Palmburgsky ibhuloho Luhambo. Noma kunalokho, kwaba. Sekela futhi manje unamathele esibhakabhakeni, sengathi jika ibhuloho. Kodwa lokhu akulona icala. eyingqopha Local usezuze yezinganekwane eziningi nama-legends. Nakuba kwebhuloho ingendala ngakho - isakhamuzi eKönigsberg sefilosofi U-Immanuel Kant wayengakaze akubone kuye. Pregol ezimbili lomfula zazixhunywe kuphela ngo-1935. Eminyakeni eyishumi kuso ezihambayo izimoto kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo, futhi ubuthongo namoya wayengazi ukuthi kwebhuloho nge isimanga. Yini-ke yakhiwa? Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni. Futhi, lokho kwebhuloho elisha wadlala ihlaya elibi nabantu ngoJanuwari 2015.

ukwakhiwa

Ngo-1929, i-Weimar Republic isimiso esikhethekile ensimini German obekumele ngaphansi okuyinto ukumboza inethiwekhi Autobahn lakhiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, yonke imizi kwenzakala zifakwe ingqalasizinda yomnotho wezwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenzeka ukuba imenze ukwakhiwa zezisebenzi. Uma ukhumbule thina umlando, ngemva kokunqotshwa shí eMpini Yezwe I , emnothweni German kwaba ziyawohloka. Izinga lokungasebenzi kwaba elesabekayo. Ngakho-ke, izwe ngokwakha imigwaqo emikhulu ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi. Uhlelo kwaqhubeka emva eza emandleni National Socialist Party. Kodwa u-Adolf Hitler yayisivele yethulwa kuleli izwe ngokwakha imigwaqo emikhulu ezithile umqondo kwezempi. ibhuloho Palmburgsky kwaba ibhuloho emgwaqeni phakathi eKönigsberg (e yaseMpumalanga Prussia) kanye Elbing (manje edolobheni isiPolish Elblag). emsebenzini walo ukwakhiwa igcwaliswe entwasahlobo ka-1935. Kuthiwa iribhoni elibomvu sanqunywa u-Adolf Hitler yena, oweza kulokho okwenzeka eKönigsberg.

etymology

Lasekuqaleni igama kwebhuloho - Palmburger Brücke. Yanikwa yokudumisa izindlu, eliseduze. Umnikazi we latifundia encane wayeyindoda umxhwele ezikhulayo izitshalo ezingavamile. Sasiphakathi abamba ukushisa kanye entendeni yesandla sakhe izihlahla. Manje alikho igama noma izitshalo ezingavamile. Esikhundleni "Palm City" imele indawo zingezona ezibonakalayo ugu. Kodwa epulazini unikezwa igama kwebhuloho. Kwaphela isikhathi eside wasebenzisa ukubiza - Palmburgsky.

Berlin kwebhuloho - ngakho waziwa ngokuthi owela we Pregol emva Okwesibili Umhlaba Awe-Oină. Ngemva Elblag umzila kuphelile. Kusukela kulo muzi Polish onguthelawayeka angithinta Berlin. Futhi ibhuloho e Kaliningrad iye yaba nendima enkulu yokuthi manje sisuke ophela seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili eYurophu zigubha ngoMeyi, kunokuba, ngo-February. Kodwa lokhu - kancane kamuva.

Imfihlo Palmburgskogo kwebhuloho

Sishilo kakade ukuthi u-Adolf Hitler ayesakha hhayi kuphela imigwaqo, futhi ukufaka ezempi. Okunjalo kwaba kanye Palmburgsky ibhuloho. Ngokuphambene ukubukeka legends ezisemadolobheni, akalokothi kwaba Ibhuloho eliphakanyiswayo elingena. Ukwakhiwa Yakhiwa njengoba Monolithic prefabricated. kwemibhoshongo Iningi babekwa phansi, njengoba ugu lweNyakatho okusha futhi Old Pregel izimbuku kakhulu. izingcezu ngamunye Crossing concreted ngqo kuleli bhuloho. Ngakho, owela kungenziwa ngokuthi uqhekeko, ephakeme, kodwa awantshintsheki. "Isimanga" kwebhuloho Yayinesikhwanyana ukuthi abangu Ngishoné ekamelweni lami ukwesekwa. Uma kudingekile, umlilo kuqhume, element central yawela emanzini, okwenza kwaba nzima njengoba Ukunqamula amasosha emhlabathini futhi umkhumbi womgwaqo emfuleni. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1935, leli bhuloho kwaba obusebenzayo kakhulu. Umklamo kule ngamamitha ayisithupha namashumi amathathu nantathu eside kwadingeka imizila emine. bobabili kuphela zabuye zakhiwa kwamaSoviet.

Palmburgsky (Berlin) Bridge kanjalo neqhaza layo eMpini Yezwe II

Ngasekupheleni kuka-1944 nasekuqaleni kuka-1945, amabutho aseSoviet wona ngokushesha isihambile ngasentshonalanga. Amadolobha athathwa ngamunye ngamunye, futhi kwakubonakala sengathi ukuphela impi iseduze. Ngo-January, 11-th nebutho 39-th iphansi kwesandla sika-uColonel Jikelele K. Galitsky futhi uLieutenant General I. Lyudnikov lahlasela eKönigsberg. Ekupheleni kwenyanga le amabutho aseSoviet wakwazi ahaqe cishe ngokuphelele edolobheni. Okusho Palmburgskogo ibhuloho waqonda no isiRashiya, futhi amaNazi. Ngemva kwakhe welulela rovnehonko umgwaqo ovulekile Berlin. Ngakho-ke, eJalimane lobuNazi wazama ukubhubhisa Palmburgsky ibhuloho, iRussia futhi wayefuna ukusindisa ke ukunyuswa obengeziwe amaviyo alo.

Ngobusuku buka-29 ngo-January 30, 1945 Usigaxamabhande ka Koenigsberg Otto Lasch isinqumo. Ngezinye amahora 0 amaminithi 36 ukuqhuma. Njengoba Ukhulelwe onjiniyela ekwakhiweni kwaleli bhuloho, le moiety emaphakathi zigoqiwe emanzini ngokuvala uhlelo isiteshi Pregel. IRed Army okuhlaselayo yizinkulumo, le blitzkrieg kuhlulekile. amabutho aseSoviet baphoqeleka ukuba zokumelana ukuze azivikele, futhi " 'bakhanda emasangweni Koenigsberg kuze lesishiyagalolunye-April 1945.

ibhuloho Palmburgsky e Kaliningrad

Ngemva kwempi, owela we emikhonweni Pregel zilungisiwe kuhle ezidabukisayo: I-amaxhaphozi indlela enqamula olwandle engamamitha egandayiwe izingodo, nomfula - ongaphakeme ipulangwe zokuhamba. Ikhumbula ukuthi kwebhuloho kwahlanganiswa umzila dlula emhlabeni Kaliningrad, isimo saba bucayi. Kwelinye iphuzu phakathi nendawo wake kwakhiwa ukuminyana, nakuba izimoto kuleyo minyaka kwaba ngisho manje.

Ngo-1949 kwebhuloho yasha Palmburgsky hit shot ifilimu adumile "Umhlangano phezu Elbe". Old ifilimu ethumba likhiphe ngesikhathi ukwesekwa esibhakabhakeni. Esikhathini yoma ekuseni kwanqunywa ukuba ukulungisa kwebhuloho. Nge ngokulambisa ezimbili izindlela ezine ziye lalungiswa. Ngo-1990, ukuvuselelwa Berlin ibhuloho ukukhuluma futhi. Kodwa imali ahlinzekwe ngayo, unyamalale i isiqondiso engaziwa, ukwakhiwa okulahlekile, futhi baqala.

Berlin Ibhuloho namuhla

Ekuqaleni le senkulungwane ezimbili reappeared amaphrojekthi wokwakha kabusha e Kaliningrad ezikhangayo. Kodwa awazange abelwe imali. Ngo-2012, uhulumeni wanquma ukwakha ibhuloho elisha, budebuduze Palmburgskogo. It wethulwa Disemba 2013. Lokhu ukwakhiwa 22 tower ne ubude 1780 amamitha baba ingxenye ring eningizimu elisentshonalanga. Ngo-2014, iziphathimandla zanquma ukubhubhisa kwebhuloho Palmburgsky. Iqiniso lokuthi nani wazama ukusindisa iRed Army ngo-1945, manje waphawulelwa ukubhidliza izakhiwo. Abantu bakulelo dolobha lusizi lapho kufa wayegaqele. Kodwa ononya indida Palmburgskogo ibhuloho sasihlanganisa yokuthi ngoJanuwari 2015 kokuquleka yena, ebhidliza ekufeni abasebenzi ababili kwalimala ezine ngaphezulu.